Conquest of Invisible Enemies

Preface Chapter 1. Virus Shaping History and Discovery of Virus 1.1 Virus shaping history 1.1.1 Tulipomania: bubbles of bulbs 1.1.2 The fall of old Mexico and Peru 1.1.3 Succession of thrones 1.1.4 The Louisiana Purchase 1.2 Discovery of virus 1.2.1 The gem theory 1.2.2 Discovery of virus 1.2.3 Cancer-causing viruses 1.2.4 Discovery of retrovirus Chapter 2. HIV/AIDS Drugs, Transforming a Death Sentence to a Chronic Disease 2.1 Discovery of the virus 2.1.1 A death sentence 2.1.2 Discovery of HIV and the great scientific controversy 2.1.3 The Nobel Prize 2.2 The first ray of hope 2.2.1 Nucleoside antiviral drugs 2.2.2 Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors 2.3 HIV protease inhibitors 2.3.1 HIV protease 2.3.2 First-generation HIV protease inhibitors 2.3.3 Second-generation HIV protease inhibitors 2.4 HIV integrase inhibitors 2.5 HIV Entry Inhibitors 2.5.1 HIV fusion inhibitors 2.5.2 CCR5 inhibitors 2.6 Triumph of modern medicine Chapter 3. Hepatitis Drugs 3.1 Hepatitis A virus 3.1.1 Discovery of hepatitis A virus 3.1.2 Hepatitis A vaccines 3.2 Hepatitis B virus 3.2.1 Discovery of hepatitis B virus 3.2.2 Hepatitis B vaccines 3.2.3 Hepatitis B drugs 3.3 Hepatitis C virus 3.3.1 Discovery of Hepatitis C virus 3.3.2 Hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease inhibitors 3.3.3 Hepatitis C virus NS5A replication complex inhibitors 3.3.4 Hepatitis C virus NS5B polymerase inhibitors 3.4 Triumph of modern medicines Chapter 4. Influenza: A Perennial Killer 4.1 Influenza, a perennial killer 4.2 A virus that changed the world: the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic 4.3 Discovery of the influenza virus 4.4 Influenza vaccines 4.4.1 History of vaccination 4.4.2 History of influenza vaccines 4.4.3 Influenza vaccines today 4.5 Influenza drugs 4.5.1 M2 inhibitors 4.5.2 Influenza virus neuraminidase inhibitors 4.5.3 Cap-dependent endonuclease https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribonuclease inhibitor Chapter 5. Coronaviruses 5.1 Coronavirus Drugs 5.1.1. SARS 5.1.2. MARS 5.1.3. SARS-CoV-2 5.2 COVID-19 Vaccines 5.2.1. Pfizer/Biotech's mRNA vaccine 5.2.2. Johnson & Johnson's viral vector vaccine 5.3 COVID-19 Drugs 5.3.1. Remdesivir (Veklury) 5.3.2. Dexamethasone Chapter 6. Closing Remarks Bibliography Chemical Structures of Antiviral Drugs