Environmental Protection and International Law

Name: Environmental Protection and International Law
Brand: Kluwer Law International
Price: 321.99 EUR
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W. Lang H. Neuhold(Herausgeber*in)

Kluwer Law International (Verlag)

Erschienen am 1. Januar 2001

256 Seiten

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978-90-411-7724-7 (ISBN)

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Inhalt

Cover
Half Title Page
Editorial Board
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
Preface
About the Authors
Chapter 1 Environmental Issues Requiring International Action
INTRODUCTION
THE MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND THEIR INTERACTION
THE EVOLUTIONARY PROCESS: FROM THE IDENTIFICATION OF A THREAT TO THE ENVIRONMENT TO EFFECTIVE RESPONSE STRATEGIES
THE IDENTIFICATION AND FIRST OBSERVATIONAL INDICATIONS
ACHIEVING SCIENTIFIC CONSENSUS AND MAJOR POLITICAL ACCEPTANCE
GLOBAL CLIMATIC CHANGE
INTRODUCTION
THE GREENHOUSE GASES AND THEIR SOURCES
THE EXPECTED CLIMATIC CHANGE
CONSEQUENCES OF A CLIMATIC CHANGE
RESPONSE STRATEGIES
THE DEPLETION OF STRATOSPHERIC OZONE
INTRODUCTION
FORMATION AND DESTRUCTION OF OZONE IN THE STRATOSPHERE
IMPACTS ON ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION AND ASSOCIATED CONSEQUENCES FOR HUMAN HEALTH
INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT ON THE CFC PHASEOUT
OZONE IN THE TROPOSPHERE
THE ACIDIFICATION OF TERRESTRIAL AND AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
INTRODUCTION
RECOGNITION OF THE PROBLEM
THE CHEMICALS CAUSING THE PROBLEM
IMPACTS OF THE ACIDIFYING POLLUTANTS
CRITICAL LOAD OF POLLUTION
INTERNATIONAL ACTION
DEFORESTATION AND DEGRADATION OF LAND
INTRODUCTION
THE MAGNITUDE OF TROPICAL DEFORESTATION
DEFORESTATION CONTRIBUTES TO CLIMATIC CHANGE
DO WE KNOW THE CAUSES OF TROPICAL DEFORESTATION?
THE NEED FOR A GLOBAL CONVENTION ON FORESTS
LAND DEGRADATION AND ITS IMPACT ON FOOD PRODUCTION
POLLUTION AND TOXIFICATION
INTRODUCTION
AN EMISSIONS ACCOUNTING SYSTEM
CHEMICAL TIME BOMBS
LINKAGES BETWEEN THE VARIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS AND OTHER GLOBAL ISSUES
IS OUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES SUFFICIENT FOR TAKING RESPONSE MEASURES?
Chapter 2 Environmental Security and Global Change: The Challenge to International Law
I. INTRODUCTION
II. INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT: THE EVOLVING PROCESS
A. LEGAL INSTRUMENTS AND LAW-MAKING TECHNIQUES
B. IMPLEMENTATION AND ENFORCEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW
III. THE CHANGING NATURE AND SCOPE OF STATES' ENTITLEMENT TO THE USE OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES
A. THE PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE
B. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT/INTERGENERATIONAL EQUITY
C. THE NORTH-SOUTH ISSUE
D. Redefining Sovereignty
IV. CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 3 Protection of the Environment by International Law: Air Pollution
AIR POLLUTION AS AN INTERNATIONAL PROBLEM
GENERAL/CUSTOMARY INTERNATIONAL LAW
TREATY LAW
THE GENEVA CONVENTION
THE PROTOCOLS ON SO2 AND NOx
CRITICISMS
THE FRAMEWORK CONVENTION- PROTOCOLS-APPROACH
PERCENTAGE REDUCTION VERSUS CRITICAL LOADS
THE DILEMMA OF INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LAW-MAKING
Introduction
Identifying the Country of Origin of LRTAP
The Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Protocol
The Value of the LRTAP Convention System
Percentage Reductions Versus Emission Freezes
Critical Loads
The Constellation of Interests of States
Framework Conventions and the Time Factor
The Inevitability of Compromise
The Dilemma of International Environmental Lawmaking
Conclusion
Chapter 4 International and European Community Law Aspects of Pollution of International Watercourses
INTRODUCTION
INTERNATIONAL LAW
SUBSTANTIVE PRINCIPLES OR RULES
PRINCIPLES OR RULES OF CO-OPERATION
EUROPEAN COMMUNITY LAW
Annex
Principles
Domestic and Transboundary Context
Economy and Law
Chapter 5 The International Waste Regime
REGIME
FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE EMERGENCE OF AN INTERNATIONAL WASTE REGIME
THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW
ELEMENTS OF THE INTERNATIONAL WASTE REGIME
THE BASEL CONVENTION
THE LONDON DUMPING CONVENTION
OTHER INSTRUMENTS
CONCLUSIONS
Chapter 6 Ozone Layer and Climate Change
INTRODUCTION
OZONE LAYER
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL BACKGROUND
EARLY LEGISLATIVE STEPS
VIENNA CONVENTION
MONTREAL PROTOCOL
HELSINKI MEETING OF THE PARTIES
LONDON AMENDMENT AND ADJUSTMENTS
CONTROL MEASURES
FINANCIAL MECHANISM
GLOBAL WARMING
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL BACKGROUND
IPCC AND SWCC
PATTERNS AND TRENDS
ESTABLISHMENT OF A LEGISLATIVE PATTERN
CHARACTERISTICS OF ENVIRONMENTAL NEGOTIATIONS
Chapter 7 State Responsibility and Liability
THE PRESENT STATE OF THE LAW
THE ILC CODIFICATION EXERCISE
SURVEY OF FACTUAL SITUATIONS
EFFECT
ACTIVITY
SPACE
SOURCES AND VICTIMS
AVAILABLE CONCEPTS IN INTERNATIONAL LAW
STATE RESPONSIBILITY
STATE LIABILITY
CIVIL LIABILITY
A COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEM OF REDRESS
RECOMMENDATION FOR FURTHER ACTION
Chapter 8 International co-operation for the Protection of the Environment: The Procedural Dimension
INTRODUCTION
PRIOR INFORMATION RELEVANT TO ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARD
PROCEDURES OF CONSULTATION
SHARED NATURAL RESOURCES
INTERNATIONAL AND GLOBAL COMMONS
NUCLEAR DAMAGE
JOINT IMPLEMENTATION, FACT-FINDING, AND MONITORING
DEFICIENCIES AND LIMITS OF THE PRESENT SYSTEM
Chapter 9 Summary and Conclusions
Index
Back Cover

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