The Opioid Receptor System and Novel Aspects of Opioid Pharmacology1. Making Sense of the Complexities of Opioid Receptor Function: Evolving Appreciation of Opioid Receptor Classification and Basic Characteristics2. Allostery at Opioid Receptors: Modulation with Small Molecule Ligands, Regulator of G-Protein Signaling (RGS) Protein Modulation of Opioid Receptor Signaling as a Potential Target for Pain Management3. Opioid Agonist and Antagonist Pharmacology: Phenylpiperidines, Tramadol, Buprenoprhine, Methadone, and Codeine Derivatives Synthetic Opioid Clinical Considerations4. Pharmacogenomics/Precision Medicine: Opioid-related Interactions and Metabolism Considerations5. Opioid-associated Syndromes and Comorbidities6. Opioid-induced Hyperalgesia7. Drug Facts: Novel Synthetic Opioids Synthetic Opioid Misuse and Pain Management8. Roots of the Opioid Crisis: Description of the Four Waves of the Opioid Epidemic9. Opioids and Risk of Dependency: Neurobiology of Opioid Use Disorder10. Opioids and Risk of Dependency: Responsibilities of Healthcare Workers, Manufacturers, and Pharmacists11. CDC Guidelines for Chronic Pain in the Adult, Including Newer Guidelines Against Co-prescription with Benzodiazepines.12. Commonly Prescribed Opioids and Adjuvants in Acute and Chronic Pain Management13. Clinical Considerations of Commonly Prescribed Medications in Substance Abuse Management (e.g., buprenorphine (how is it prescribed); methadone (concerns over prolonged QT EKG prior to administration; urine drug screens14. The Role of Naltrexone and Novel Preparations for Substance Abuse and Pain Management15. Palliative Care for Cancer and Considerations for Opioid-mediated Suppression of Natural Killer Cells16. Abuse Deterrent Formulations of Opioids and Opioid Vaccines17. Opioid Detoxification Techniques
