Access to Justice in Environmental Matters in the EU

Name: Access to Justice in Environmental Matters in the EU
Brand: Kluwer Law International
Price: 325.99 EUR
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Jonas Ebbesson(Herausgeber*in)

Kluwer Law International (Verlag)

Erschienen am 1. Mai 2002

524 Seiten

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978-90-411-7744-5 (ISBN)

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Inhalt

Cover
Half Title Page
Editorial Board
Title Page
Copyright Page
Preface
Foreword
Table of Contents
List of Contributors
1 Comparative Introduction
I THIS BOOK ...
II ACCESS TO JUSTICE IN ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS
1 Why?
2 What?
3 Access to Justice in the Aarhus Convention
4 Access to Justice and International Human Rights Law
III COMPARATIVE FINDINGS
1 Administrative and/or Judicial Review of Environmental Decision-making?
2 Criteria for Standing
3 Standing for Environmental Associations
4 Foreign Subjects and Non-discrimination
5 Remedies and Scope of Review
6 Challenging Administrative Regulations
7 Access to Environmental Information
8 Costs
9 Ombudsman
10 Conclusions
SOMMAIRE: INTRODUCTION COMPARATIVE
Cet ouvrage ...
Accès à la justice en matière d'environnement
Constatations comparatives
2 European Community
I INTRODUCTION
II ACCESS TO JUSTICE IN THE MEMBER STATES
1 Individuals' Rights and Effective Enforcement of Community Environmental Law
2 The Class of Persons with Standing
3 Standing for Environmental Association
4 Remedies and Scope of Review
5 Costs
III ACCESS TO JUSTICE ON THE COMMUNITY LEVEL
1 Environmental Standards Binding the EC Institutions
2 Access to the European Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance
3 Standing for Environmental Associations
4 Remedies and Scope of Review
5 Access to Environmental Information
6 Costs
7 European Ombudsman
IV CONCLUSIONS
1 Community Law and the Member States
2 Community Law and the Community Institutions
SOMMAIRE: COMMUNAUTÉ EUROPÉENNE
1 Introduction
2 Accès à la justice dans les Etats membres
3 Accès à lajustice au niveau communautaire
4 Conclusion
3 Austria
I INTRODUCTION
1 The Federal Structure of Austria
2 Relevant Legislation on Environmental Matters
II GENERAL PRINCIPLES
1 Constitutional Basis
2 Administrative Review
3 Judicial Review of Administrative Decisions
4 Civil Remedies
III SPECIFIC MATTERS
1 Environmental Impact Assessment Procedure
2 Public Participation Procedures
3 Right of Access to Environmental Information
4 Nature Conservation
IV CONCLUSIONS
SOMMAIRE: AUTRICHE
4 Belgium
I INTRODUCTION
II PRINCIPES GÉNÉRAUX
1 Bref apefçu de droit constitutionnel
2 Contentieux administratif : le Conseil d'État
3 Contentieux judiciaire : les Cours et Tribunaux
III ASPECTS SPÉCIFIQUES
1 Un recours sui generis : l'action en cessation en matière de protection de l'environnement
2 Accès à l'information sur l'environnement
IV CONCLUSIONS
SUMMARY: BELGIUM
5 Denmark
I INTRODUCTION
1 The Structure of Danish Environmental Law
2 Environmental Authorities
II GENERAL PRINCIPLES
1 Constitutional Aspects and the Court System
2 Legal Review of Administrative Decisions
3 Circles of Persons with Individual Interest in Administrative and Judicial Appeals
4 Court Procedures
III SPECIFIC MATTERS
1 Standings in Relation to Specific Projects two Important Cases
2 Rules on the Right of Appeal in Specific Environmental Legislation
3 Access to Environmental Information
4 Right to Challenge General Regulations
IV CONCLUSION
SOMMAIRE: DANEMARK
6 Finland
I INTRODUCTION
1 Structure of Environmental Legislation and Administrative Instruments of Environmental Law
2 Institutions: Administration and Court System
II GENERAL PRINCIPLES
1 Constitutional Aspects
2 Administrative Review and its Links to Judicial Review
3 Conceptual Matters and Basic Distinctions
4 Locus Standi and the Right to Appeal: General Remarks
5 Standing of NGOs
6 Grounds of Reviewing of a Decision
7 Scope of Review
8 Remedies
9 The Position of Foreign Subjects
10 Costs
III SPECIFIC MATTERS
1 Introduction
2 Environmental Impact Assessment
3 Planning and Building Activities
4 Nature Conservation
5 Extraction of Natural Resources
6 Pollution Control and Water Projects
7 Access to Environmental Information
8 Right to Challenge General Regulations
IV CONCLUSIONS
SOMMAIRE: FINLANDE
7 France
I INTRODUCTION
II PRINCIPES GÉNÉRAUX
1 Conditions du recours
2 Les actes attaquables
3 Les règles de procédure
4 Étendue du contrôle du juge
5 Les effets juridiques du recours
6 Les coûts
7 La procédure de réclamation auprès d'une autorité indépendante : le médiateur de la République
III RÉGIMES SPÉCIAUX
1 Le contentieux des installations classées pour la protection de l'environnement
2 Les recours non juridictionnels des tiers en matières d'installations classées
3 Accès à l'information en matière d'environnement
IV CONCLUSION
SUMMARY: FRANCE
8 Germany
I INTRODUCTION
II GENERAL PRINCIPLES
1 Statutory Bases and General Procedural Aspects
2 Administrative Review
3 Constitutional Bases of Judicial Review
4 Standing Criteria
5 Grounds for Judicial Review
6 Scope of Review
7 Remedies
8 Standing of Organisations
9 Standing of Foreigners
III SPECIFIC MATTERS
1 Protection of Nature
2 Infrastructure Projects and Environmental Impact Assessment
3 Local Plans and Construction Permits
4 Toxic Substances
5 Administrative Decisions that Violate European Community Law
6 Access to Information
7 Enforcement of Public Environmental Law through Civil Courts
IV CONCLUSION
SOMMAIRE: ALLEMAGNE
9 Greece
I INTRODUCTION
II GENERAL PRINCIPLES
1 The Constitutional Dimension of Access to Justice
2 Standing in Environmental Cases for Individuals and Associations
3 Standing for Public Territorial Entities
4 Remedies
5 Costs
III SPECIFIC MATTERS
1 Access to Environmental Information
2 Standing to Challenge General Regulations
IV CONCLUSIONS
SOMMAIRE: GRÈCE
10 Ireland
I INTRODUCTION
II GENERAL PRINCIPLES
1 The Constitutional Context
2 Public Participation in Administrative Environmental Decision-making
3 Administrative Appeals against Decisions
4 Judicial Supervision of the Administration
III SPECIFIC MATTERS
1 Special Statutory Provisions Regulating Judicial Review
2 Statutory Appeals to the Courts
3 Public Participation in the Enforcement of Environmental Laws
IV CONCLUSION
SOMMAIRE - IRLANDE
11 Italy
I INTRODUCTION
1 Environmental Protection in Italian Law
2 Environmental Administration
3 The Competence of Recognized Environmental Organizations
4 The Status of Foreign Non-governmental Organizations
II GENERAL PRINCIPLES
1 Judicial Protection of Citizens Against the Administration
2 Judicial Protection in Civil Courts
3 Judicial Protection in Administrative Courts
4 Protective Orders in Administrative Courts
5 Evidence Gathering in Administrative Courts
6 Judicial Review of the Administration's Inaction
III SPECIFIC MATTERS
1 Specific Legislation and Access to Justice
2 Environmental Impact Assessments
3 Access to Environmental Information
4 Judicial Review of General Administrative Regulations
5 Costs Involved in Court Procedures
IV CONCLUSIONS
SOMMAIRE: ITALIE
12 Luxembourg
I INTRODUCTION
II PRINCIPES GÉNÉRAUX
1 Aperçu constitutionnel
2 La distinction entre les sphères civiles et administratives
3 La procédure administrative et la protection de l'administré
4 Recours non juridictionnels
5 Accès à la justice
6 Distinction entre actes individuels et actes à caractère réglementaire
7 Les recours possibles contre les actes individuels
8 Le recours en annulation contre les actes à caractère réglementaire
9 L'étendue du contrôle du juge et les effets juridiques du recours
10 Aperçu sur la procédure à suivre devant lesjuridictions administratives
11 Sursis à exécution
12 Moyens à la disposition du tribunal
13 Étrangers
III ASPECTS SPÉCIFIQUES
1 Établissements classés
2 Protection de la nature
3 Accès à l'information sur l'environnement
IV CONCLUSION
SUMMARY: LUXEMBOURG
13 Netherlands
I INTRODUCTION
II GENERAL PRINCIPLES
1 Administrative Judicial Review is Limited to Individual Decisions
2 Administrative Review or Not?
3 Limiting the Review to Those with a Special Interest or Multi-stage actio popularis?
4 Administrative Judgement in One or Two Instances?
5 The National Ombudsman
6 The Most Important Environmental Decisions
7 The Position of NGOs
8 The Position of Foreign Subjects
9 Grounds for Review and Possible Outcome of the Procedure
10 Suspending Effect
11 Costs
12 Recent Developments and Intentions
III SPECIFIC MATTERS
1 General Rules for Enterprises
2 Policy Rules and Environmental Plans
3 Environmental Impact Assessment
4 Access to Environmental Information
5 Self-regulation
IV CONCLUDING REMARKS
SOMMAIRE: PAYS-BAS
14 Portugal
I INTRODUCTION
II GENERAL PRINCIPLES
1 Constitutional Aspects
2 Principles of Public Law
3 Civil Law Remedies
III SPECIFIC MATTERS
1 Specific Legislation and Access to Justice
2 The Act on Environmental Non-Governmental Organisations
3 Land Management and Territorial Planning
4 Water Quality
5 Protection of the Cultural Patrimony
6 Industrial Licensing
7 Environmental Impact Assessment
8 Access to Environmental Information
IV CONCLUSION
SOMMAIRE: PORTUGAL
15 Spain
I INTRODUCTION
II PRINCIPES GÉNÉRAUX
1 Accès à l'information et participation du public
2 Le recours administratif
3 Le recours contentieux administratif
4 Les recours contentieux spéciaux
5 Les coûts du recours contentieux
III RÉGIMES PARTICULIERS
1 L'initiative législative populaire
2 Le droit de pétition
3 Le Defensor del Pueblo
4 Le Recurso de amparo constitucional
IV CONCLUSION
SUMMARY: SPAIN
16 Sweden
I INTRODUCTION
II GENERAL PRINCIPLES
1 Participation, Standing and Appeal in Environmental Cases
2 Standing for Environmental Associations
3 Scope of Review
4 Remedies
5 Costs
6 Particular Legal Review Procedure by Administrative Courts
III SPECIFIC MATTERS
1 Government Assessment of Installations and Activities under the Environmental Code
2 Nature Conservation
3 Access to Environmental Information
4 Review of Administrative Norms of a General Application
5 Planning
6 Particular Projects and Activities
7 Ombudsman
IV CONCLUSIONS
SOMMAIRE: SUÈDE
17 United Kingdom
I INTRODUCTION
II GENERAL PRINCIPLES
1 Constitutional Context
2 Judicial Supervision of the Administration - Some Starting-points
3 Standing
4 Subjects and Grounds of Judicial Review
5 Procedures and Evidence
6 Remedies and Costs
7 Openness and Transparency in Administrative Decision-making
8 Public Participation in First Instance Administrative Decision-making
9 Administrative Review and Ombudsman Investigations
III SPECIFIC MATTERS
1 Justice and the Private/Public Divide
2 European Human Rights Convention and the Human Rights Act 1998
IV CONCLUSIONS
SOMMAIRE: ROYAUME-UNI
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