Section 1: Coronaviruses (including SARS 1 and MERS), the Structure (sequence), Mechanism of ActionIntroduction1. Origin, Evolution and Spread of SARS-CoV-22. SARS-CoV-2 Spike Proteins in Infectivity 3. Structural and functional properties of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein: potential vaccine and drug development for COVID-194. Population-Specific Polymorphisms and SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity5. Insights into SARS-CoV-2 Structure: Approaches and Action of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors6. SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-COV: Similarities and Differences in Origin and TransmissionSection 2: Inflammation and Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2Introduction7. Characterization of the Immune Response with Viral Attack8. Inflammation, Cytokines and COVID-19 Severity9. Immunological Considerations for COVID-19: Vaccines and Other Protective Strategies10. Virus-specific T cell response in SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccinations11. Oral and Gut Inflammation and Microbiota with COVID-19 12. Implications of Inflammation: Bone and Joint Health with COVID-1913. COVID-19 and immune dysfunction: Consequences, and natural remedies for managementSection 3: Pathological Findings with Clinical CorrelationIntroduction14. Pulmonary Pathology of Severe Covid-1915. Histopathological Analysis of the Cardiovascular System in severe COVID-1916. Postmortem Neuropathology in COVID-1917. Renal Pathology in Severe Covid-19Section 4: The Blood Vessels and COVID-19: Vascular Dysfunction and CoagulopathiesIntroduction18. Vascular Manifestations of COVID-19: Endothelial Dysfunction and Damage19. Immunothrombosis involvement in COVID-1920. COVID-19 associated coagulopathy21. D-dimer in systemic circulation and COVID-19 outcome22. Hypercoagulability in COVID-19Section 5: Neuro-COVID-19 and its Long-Term ImplicationsIntroduction23. COVID and the Nervous System: Mechanisms and Consequences24. Neuroinflammation: Unraveling Acute and Long COVID-19 Effects25. Acute and Post-acute Neurologic and Psychiatric Manifestations in COVID-1926. Pediatric Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Manifestations of COVID-1927. Understanding the Pandemic: Pathophysiology, Transmission, and Treatment of Covid-19Section 6: Should Covid-19 Concern Nephrologists? Why and to What Extent?"Introduction28. Acute Kidney Injury with COvid-19: Mechanisms, Management, and Long-term Outcomes29. Models and Cellular Monolayers to Study the Effect of SARS-CoV-2 on Kidneys30. Clinical implications of COVID-19 in chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney diseaseSection 7: Long COVID-19 (long term effects - summarizing of clinical reports in literature) Introduction31. Long COVID or Post-Acute Sequalae of COVID: An introduction32. Long COVID: Pathophysiology and classification33. Gender differences in Sequelae from COVID-19 Infection34. Characterizing Long COVID-19: Lessons in the Clinic.35. Implications of Long COVID for the Global Health Care SystemSection 8: The Vaccines Introduction36. COVID-19: The Vaccine Development Strategies37. mRNA vaccines: The New Frontier38. Covid-19 vaccines: A Comprehensive review of Safety and EfficacySection 9: Handling the Spread: Public Health and Social MeasuresIntroduction39. Lockdown measures during the COVID-19 pandemic40. Efficacy of Facial masks against COVID-1941. Vaccination Policies42. Navigating the Impact of COVID-19 School Closures on Child Health, Education, and Society: A Call to Embrace Civil Discourse Across Identities, Sectors, and Disciplines43. The Effect of the Pandemic on Care for Other Health Conditions44. The role of smartphone-assisted tools for Covid-19 diagnostic, treatment, and quarantineSection 10: From the Editors' desk 45. What have we learnt from the COVID-19 pandemic?
