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This book describes the roles magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can play in deep brain stimulation (DBS). DBS therapeutically modulates aberrant neural circuits implicated in a broad range of neurological disorders. Following surgical insertion, an electrode placed into the desired brain target generates constant electricity, analogous to a cardiac pacemaker. Most commonly employed in movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, dystonia, and tremor, DBS is also being investigated for use in psychiatric and cognitive disorders, including depression and Alzheimer's disease. It is estimated that more than 230,000 patients have undergone DBS surgery worldwide. Imaging techniques, specifically MRI, have played key roles in the preoperative and postoperative aspects of DBS.
This book focuses on the established as well as the innovative roles of MRI in DBS. MRI and DBS are first introduced from an historical perspective and a review of the clinical aspects of DBS is performed. Then, the preoperative and postoperative applications of MRI in DBS are covered. The crucial aspect of MRI safety in these patients is also discussed. Finally, possible upcoming MRI applications for patients with DBS are discussed in a future directions chapter. Chapters are written by experts from the University of Toronto, a world leader in the field of DBS, alongside international co-authors to ensure a thorough review of the topics.
Alexandre Boutet, MD, PhD, FRCPC is a neuroradiology fellow at the University of Toronto in the Medical Imaging Department. His research focuses on investigating brain modulation (e.g. deep brain stimulation) and MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) using advanced neuroimaging techniques such as fMRI and DTI.
Dr. Andres M. Lozano, OC, MD, PhD, FRCSC, FRSC, FCAHS is a University Professor and the past Dan Family Chairman of Neurosurgery at the University of Toronto. He holds the Alan & Susan Hudson Cornerstone Chair in Neurosurgery at Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network.
He is best known for his work in the field of Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) and Magnetic Resonance-guided Focused Ultrasound (MRgFUS). His team has mapped cortical and subcortical circuits in the human brain and has discovered and advanced novel therapies for Parkinson's disease, depression, dystonia, anorexia, Huntington's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
Dr. Lozano has over 750 manuscript publications, co-edited 10 books and over 100 book chapters, and serves on the boards of several international organizations. He is the all-time most highly cited neurosurgeon in the world (Clarivate). Dr. Lozano has delivered over 50 named international lectures and has received a number of honors including Doctor Honoris Causa from the University of Sevilla, the Olivecrona Medal, Margolese Brain Prize, Salk Award, Pioneer in Medicine Award and the Dandy Medal. He has been elected to the Royal Society of Canada, has received the Order of Spain and is an Officer of the Order of Canada.
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