Section I: Essentials in Clinical Microbiology: Glossary of Terms and Definitions; Carriage; Colonization and Infection; Classification of Micro-Organisms according to their Pathogenicity; Classification of ICU Infections; Gut Microbiology: Surveillance Samples for the Detection of the Abnormal Carrier State.- Section II: Antimicrobials: Systemic Antibiotics; Systemic Antifungals; Enteral Antimicrobials.- Section III: Infection Control: Evidence-Based Infection Control in the Intensive Care Unit; Device Policies; Antibiotic Policies in the Intensive Care Unit; Outbreaks of Infection in Intensive Care Units-Usefulness of Molecular Techniques for Outbreak Analysis; Prevention of Infection Using Selective Decontamination of the Digestive Tract.- Section IV: Infections on ICU: Lower Airway Infection; Bloodstream Infections Including Endocarditis and Meningitis; Infections of the Peritoneum Including Pancreas, Mediastinum, Pleura, Wounds, and Urinary Tract; Infection on the Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Units; Immediate Adequate Antibiotics Control Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Pancreatitis, Extensive Burns, Trauma, Exacerbated; Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or Liver Transplantation; Intensive Care Unit Patients following Transplantation; Clinical Virology in NICU, PICU and Adult ICU, AIDS Patients in the Intensive Care Unit; Therapy of Infection.- Section V: Special Topics: Continuous Renal Replacement Treatment in Sepsis: Many Opinions, Little Evidence; SIRS/Sepsis: Metabolic and Nutritional Changes and Treatment; Gut Mucosal Protection in the Critically Ill Patient. Towards an Integrated Clinical Strategy; Selective Decontamination of the Digestive Tract: the Role of the Pharmacist; Antimicrobial Resistance: a Prospective 5-Year Study; ICU-Acquired Infection: Mortality, Morbidity, and Costs; Evidence-Based Medicine in the Intensive Care Unit.