Yearbook of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 1997

Basic Mechanisms in Sepsis and ARDS.- Importance of Cell Wall Components of Gram-Positive Bacteria in Gram-Positive Septic Shock.- Inflammatory Responses During Human Endotoxemia.- Activation of Nuclear Factor-?B in Sepsis and ARDS.- The Cytokine Response to Hemorrhagic Shock.- Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule Expression in Acutely Inflamed Tissues.- TNF in Septic Shock and Cerebral Malaria.- Interleukin-1-Mediated Acute Lung Injury.- Cytokine-Networks and ARDS.- Disordered Apoptosis as a Mechanism for Adverse Outcome.- Apoptosis in the Resolution of Systemic Inflammation.- New Therapeutic Interventions in Sepsis.- Cytokine-Mediated Enhancement of Host Defense.- Is it Beneficial to Augment or to Inhibit Neutrophil Function in Severe Infections and Sepsis?.- Hemofiltration in Sepsis and Septic Shock.- Extracorporal Techniques to Accelerate Clearance of TNF-? and IL-1? in Septic Patients.- Clinical Trials for the Evaluation of Sepsis Therapies.- Outcome from Sepsis and Organ Failure.- Prognostic Factors in Pre-Septic States.- Determinants of Outcome from Sepsis and Septic Shock.- The Logistic Organ Dysfunction System.- Nitric Oxide.- Nitric Oxide: A Modulator of the Inflammation Response.- Cytokine Regulation of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase.- Activation of Poly-(ADP-Ribose) Synthetase by Peroxynitrite.- Clinical Effects of Cell-Free Hemoglobin, a Scavenger of Nitric Oxide, in Septic Shock.- Cardiovascular Failure in Sepsis.- Mechanisms of Decreased Cardiac Function in Sepsis.- Septic Myocardial Dysfunction: Role of Cytokines and Nitric Oxide.- O2 Transport in the Peripheral Circulation in Sepsis.- Use and Misuse of Catecholamines: Combination in Septic Shock Patients.- Cardiorespiratory Failure.- Cardiorespiratory Physiology and Pathophysiology in Pregnancy.- Pulmonary Embolism.- Cardiac Crisis.- Emergency Evaluation of Acute Ischemic Coronary Syndrome.- Serious Arrhythmias and Anesthesia.- Percutaneous Mechanical Circulatory Assistance.- Peri-Operative Applications of Transesophageal Echocardiography.- Fluid Administration.- Prehospital Fluid Replacement.- Volume Therapy: New Aspects of an Old Topic?.- Albumin Physiology in the Septic and Post-Operative Patient.- Effects of Hemoglobin in Sepsis.- Quality of Life Benefit from Avoiding Allogenic Blood Transfusion.- Airway Management.- Tracheostomy.- Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy.- Ventilation with an Unprotected Airway During Cardiac Arrest.- Non-Invasive Ventilatory Support.- Non-Invasive Ventilation.- Workload of Non-Invasive Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Failure.- New Modes of Ventilatory Support in Spontaneously Breathing Intubated Patients.- Ventilatory Support.- Patient-Ventilator Interactions.- Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure.- Inflection Point and Alveolar Recruitment in ARDS.- Tracheal Gas Insufflation in ARDS.- Current Status of Prone Position in ARDS.- Experience in Liquid Ventilation.- Pulmonary Infections.- The Inflammatory Response in Pneumonia.- The Challenge of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pneumonia.- Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Children.- Rationale for Surfactant Therapy in Pneumonia.- Gut Dysfunction.- Intestinal Epithelial Hyperpermeability.- Regional Capnometry.- Assessment of Gastric Mucosal Perfusion by Laser-Doppler Flowmetry.- Severe Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis.- Nutrition.- Early Enteral Feeding Improves Outcome.- Nutrition and Survival.- Neurologic Failure.- Focal Cerebral Ischemia.- Cerebral Blood Flow in Acute Brain Injury.- Guidelines for the Management of Severe Head Injury.- Management of the Severe Head Injury in Children.- Neuromuscular Complications of Prolonged Critical Care.- Emergencies.- Near Drowning in Children: How the Fittest will Survive.- SIRS in Heatstroke.- Teaching Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Europe.- Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: Intensive Care in a Hostile Environment?.- The Medical Services at a Formula One Motoring Racing Grand Prix.- Renal Failure.- Nephrotoxic Acute Renal Dysfunction.- Post-Operative Management.- Immediate Post-Operative Care of Transplant Patients.- Cytokine Responses During Clinical Cardiopulmonary Bypass.- ICU Organization and Ethics.- Quality of Organization in Intensive Care Units.- Costs and Resource Utilization in Intensive Care.- Can Intensive Care Units be Compared?.- End-of-Life Decision-Making.