* Preface; * Foreword; * Contributors; Modulation of Immune Responses and Nutrition; * Arginine and Asthma: Morris, C.R.; * Changes in Arginine Metabolism during Sepsis and Critical Illness in Children: de Betue, C.T.I.; Deutz, N.E.P.; * Arginine Deficiency Caused by Myeloid Cells: Importance, Identification and Treatment: Ochoa, J.B.; * Glutamine Supplementation in Neonates: Is There a Future? Neu, J.; * Insulin in Human Milk and the Use of Hormones in Infant Formulas: Shamir, R.; Shehadeh, N. Microbiota and Pro-/Prebiotics; * Diet, Gut Enterotypes and Health: Is There a Link? Bushman, F.D.; Lewis, J.D.; Wu, G.D.; * Understanding Immunomodulatory Effects of Probiotics: Pot, B.; Foligne, B.; Daniel, C.; Grangette, C.; * Transforming Growth Factor and Intestinal Inflammation: The Role of Nutrition: Ruemmele, F.M.; Garnier-Lengline, H.; * Microbiota Modulation: Can Probiotics Prevent/Treat Disease in Pediatrics? Szajewska, H.; Lipids; * Membrane Composition and Cellular Responses to Fatty Acid Intakes and Factors Explaining the Variation in Response: Agostoni, C.; Rise, P.; Marangoni, F.; * Docosahexaenoic Acid and Its Derivative Neuroprotectin D1 Display Neuroprotective Properties in the Retina, Brain and Central Nervous System: Bazan, N.G.; Calandria, J.M.; Gordon, W.C.; * Branched-Chain Fatty Acids in the Neonatal Gut and Estimated Dietary Intake in Infancy and Adulthood: Ran-Ressler, R.R.; Glahn, R.P.; Bae, S.; Brenna, J.T.; * Clinical Overview of Effects of Dietary Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids during the Perinatal Period: Scholtz, S.A.; Colombo, J.; Carlson, S.E.; * Dietary n-3 LC-PUFA during the Perinatal Period as a Strategy to Minimize Childhood Allergic Disease: Makrides, M.; Gunaratne, A.W.; Collins, C.T.; * Concluding Remarks.