The purpose of our present work is to review the fundamental studies on inhibition of soil urease activity and the applied studies on improving efficiency of urea fertilizers by inhibition of soil urease activity. The general literature on these topics covers 65 years, and the patent literature comprises a period of nearly 40 years. Studies related to inhibition of soil urease activity were performed in a great number of countries' well representing all the continents. Full texts of the papers describing these studies were published in one of 18 languages·'. The literature data reviewed are structured into 10 chapters, 81 subchapters, and 224 sections. The bibliographical list consists of 830 papers cited. ·In alphabetical order: Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Belorussia, Brazil. Bulgaria, Canada, China, Costa Rica, Cuba. Czech RepUblic, Egypt, Estonia, France, Georgia (Gruzia), Germany, Hungary, India, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy. Japan, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Malaysia, Moldova, Netherlands, New Zealand, Pakistan, Philippines, Poland, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Slovakia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka. Sudan, Sweden, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom, United States of America. Uzbekistan .
1. Inorganic Compounds Tested for Evaluation of Their Inhibiting Effect on Soil Urease Activity, Urea Hydrolysis, Ammonia Volatilization, and Nitrous Oxide Emission.- 2. Organic Compounds Tested for Evaluation of Their Inhibiting Effect on Soil Urease Activity, Urea Hydrolysis, Ammonia Volatilization, and Nitrous Oxide Emission.- 3. Combined Use of Inhibitors of Soil Urease Activity.- 4. Comparative Studies on the Efficiency of Different Inhibitors on Soil Urease Activity.- 5. Compounds Tested for Evaluation of Their Inhibiting Effect on Both Soil Urease Activity and Nitrification.- 6. Soil Urease Inhibitors Used in Combination with Nitrification and/or Algal Inhibitors.- 7. Effect of Soil Urease Inhibitors on Germination, Growth, and Yield of Plants.- 8. Effect of Urease Inhibitors on Other Enzyme Activities, Microbial Counts, and Biomass as well as on Respiration and Other Microbial Processes in Soils.- 9. Use of Urease Inhibitors in the Analysis of Urea and/or Ammonium from Urea-treated Soils.- 10. Urease Inhibitors Used with Another Purpose than Inhibition of Soil Urease Activity.- Conclusions.- References.
