Industrial Wastewater Treatment. A G book

How to Use This Book
Introduction
Book Outline
Characterizing Your Wastewater
Introduction
The Source - Where is the Wastewater Generated?
The Volume - How Much Wastewater is Produced?
The Generation Pattern - When is it Discharged?
The Contaminants - What Does the Wastewater Contain?
The Wastewater Parameters of Concern: pH. Flash Point. Temperature. Heavy Metal Concentrations. Organic Compounds Present and Their Concentrations. Fat, Oil, and Grease (FOG) Concentration. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD).
What is in the Products You Use?
What is Removed From the Material Being Processed?
What Do Others Know About Your Wastewater?
Sampling Your Wastewater
What Waste Streams Will be Sampled?
Who Will Take the Samples?
What Safety Precautions Will the Sampler Take?
How Many Samples Will be Taken and When Will the Samples be Taken?
How Will Samples be Obtained? Use a Pan or Bucket. Use an Automatic Sampler. Collect All of the Wastewater. Take Grab Samples Manually at Predetermined Intervals.
How Will the Samples be Handled?
What Methods Will be Used to Analyze the Samples?
What Information and Data Will be Reported?
Determining Wastewater Management Limitations
Introduction
Regulatory Considerations
Wastewater Discharge Regulations: Sanitary Sewers. Storm Drains. Septic Tank Systems.
Hazardous Waste
Solid Waste
Air Pollution Control
Industrial Hygiene and Safety
Recycler's Requirements
Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Requirements
Budgetary Considerations
Shop Impact Considerations
Developing Wastewater Management Alternatives
Introduction
Do Not Produce Out-of-Compliance Wastewater
Change the Process
Segregate the Waste Streams
Change the Parts
Collect Your Wastewater and Have It Hauled Away
Install a Wastewater Treatment System
Descriptions of Some Available Treatment Technologies: Physical/Chemical Treatment. Gravity Separation. Oil Water Separators. Clarifiers. Catch Basins and Sumps. Filtration. Chemical Precipitation. Evaporation. Oxidation. Reduction. Air Stripping. Activated Carbon Adsorption. Ion Exchange and Adsorption By Other Media. Electrolytic Recovery. Membrane Separation. Thermal Treatment. Biological Treatment.
System Design Options
Do-It-Yourself System
Purchased System
Haul It Away
Information Sources
Contact Shops
Contact Trade Associations
Contact Suppliers
Go to the Library and Book Stores
Contact Regulatory Agencies for Information
List the Alternatives
Evaluating the Alternatives
Introduction
Evaluation Criteria For a Wastewater Treatment System
Evaluation of Alternatives to a Pretreatment System
Process Changes
Chemical Recovery
Evaluation of Alternatives
See It In Action
Do a Bench Test: Chemical Precipitation Bench Test Example
Do a Pilot Test: Pilot Test Example
Selecting the Best Alternative
Introduction
First Screening - Rough Cut
Second Screening - A Closer Look
Does It Work?
What Does It Cost? Purchase and Installation. Operation and Maintenance. Disposal of Treatment Residue.
Operating Requirements
Treated Water Disposal
Waste Treatment Residual Disposal
Do It Yourself or Buy a Packaged Plant
Benefits and Deficiencies
Cost Benefit Analysis
Make Your Decision
Implementing the Wastewater Treatment System
Introduction
Mimimum Documentation Requirements
Document the Design Basis
Prepare the Final Design
Prepare an Operation and Maintenance Manual
Obtain the Necessary Permits
Train Shop Personnel
Install the Equipment
Start Up and Evaluate the Treatment System
Troubleshooting
Operate and Maintain the Treatment System
Working With Suppliers
Introduction
What is a Vendor?
What is a Consultant?
Working With Suppliers
Experience Level
Reputation With Other Businesses and Regulators
The Approach: Before You Contact the Suppliers. When You Contact the Suppliers. When the Suppliers Visit.
Annotated Bibliography
Introduction
Chemistry and Hazard References
Regulatory References
Wastewater Treatment Technology References
Information Source References
Appendix 1: Boatyard Wastewater Treatment Example
Background
Waste Characterization
Evaluation and Selection of Alternatives
Implementation of the System
Appendix 2: Automotive Machine Shop Wastewater Treatment
Introduction
Reason for Installing the System
Description of the Process Generating the Wastewater
Old Facility
New Facility
Wastewater Characterization - Volume, Analysis, and Frequency of Generation
How the System was Selected, Including What Testing and Evaluation was Done
Cost of Installation
Operation and Maintenance Requirements and Cost
Regulatory Requirements - Pretreatment Program, PSAPCA, and Others
Resultant Cost Savings
Appendix 3: Oily Wastewater Treatment Example
Introduction
Treatment System Development
Operation and Maintenance
Decant Procedures
Influent Pumping Procedures
Batch Treatment Procedures
Sewer Discharge Procedures
Sludge Disposal Procedures
Oil Disposal Procedures
Chemical Mixing Procedures
Paperwork
Regulatory Requirements
Resultant Cost Savings