Emergency Medicine: Applications of Artificial Intelligence

The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence technology have paved the way for the use of machine learning applications in health care. These applications address existing challenges in the emergency department such as triage and disposition, early detection of conditions and outcomes, emergency department operations, and therapeutic interventions. Artificial intelligence can be used in three ways in the context of emergency and critical care. The first one is to build risk stratification prediction models in critical care. The second use of AI involves utilizing unsupervised machine learning techniques to divide the varied population into homogeneous subgroups. The third use of AI is for reinforcement learning algorithms to prescribe treatment regimens in a sequential way. The dynamic treatment regime (DTR) model uses reinforcement learning to estimate a set of decision rules, one for each step of intervention. It specifies how to tailor treatments to patients considering their treatment and covariate histories. DTR lowers model complexity and is considered more appropriate for medical epidemiology. This book is a vital tool for all researching or studying the role of AI in emergency medicine. It aims to equip students and experts with the advanced topics and upcoming concepts in this subject.