Whilst inkjet technology is well-established on home and small office desktops and is now having increasing impact in commercial printing, it can also be used to deposit materials other than ink as individual droplets at a microscopic scale. This allows metals, ceramics, polymers and biological materials (including living cells) to be patterned on to substrates under precise digital control. This approach offers huge potential advantages for manufacturing, since inkjet methods can be used to generate structures and functions which cannot be attained in other ways. Beginning with an overview of the fundamentals, this bookcovers the key components, for example piezoelectric print-heads and fluids for inkjet printing, and the processes involved. It goes on to describe specific applications, e.g. MEMS, printed circuits, active and passive electronics, biopolymers and living cells, and additive manufacturing. Detailed case studies are included on flat-panel OLED displays, RFID (radio-frequency identification) manufacturing and tissue engineering, while a comprehensive examination of the current technologies and future directions of inkjet technology completes the coverage.
With contributions from both academic researchers and leading names in the industry, Inkjet Technology for Digital Fabrication is a comprehensive resource for technical development engineers, researchers and students in inkjet technology and system development, and will also appeal to researchers in chemistry, physics, engineering, materials science and electronics.
Sprache
Verlagsort
Zielgruppe
Maße
Höhe: 250 mm
Breite: 150 mm
Dicke: 15 mm
Gewicht
ISBN-13
978-1-118-45294-3 (9781118452943)
Copyright in bibliographic data is held by Nielsen Book Services Limited or its licensors: all rights reserved.
Schweitzer Klassifikation
About the Editors xiii List of Contributors xv Preface xvii 1. Introduction to Inkjet Printing for Manufacturing 1 Ian M. Hutchings and Graham D. Martin 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Materials and Their Deposition by Inkjet Printing 3 1.3 Applications to Manufacturing 8 1.4 Potential and Limitations 15 References 17 2. Fundamentals of Inkjet Technology 21 Graham D. Martin and Ian M. Hutchings 2.1 Introduction 21 2.2 Surface Tension and Viscosity 23 2.3 Dimensionless Groups in Inkjet Printing 25 2.4 Methods of Drop Generation 27 2.5 Resolution and Print Quality 34 2.6 Grey-Scale Printing 35 2.7 Reliability 36 2.8 Satellite Drops 38 2.9 Print-Head and Substrate Motion 39 2.10 Inkjet Complexity 42 References 42 3. Dynamics of Piezoelectric Print-Heads 45 J. Frits Dijksman and Anke Pierik 3.1 Introduction 45 3.2 Basic Designs of Piezo-Driven Print-Heads 47 3.3 Basic Dynamics of a Piezo-Driven Inkjet Print-Head (Single-Degree-of-Freedom Analysis) 49 3.4 Design Considerations for Droplet Emission from Piezo-Driven Print-Heads 60 3.5 Multi-Cavity Helmholtz Resonator Theory 71 3.6 Long Duct Theory 77 3.7 Concluding Remarks 83 References 84 4. Fluids for Inkjet Printing 87 Stephen G. Yeates, Desheng Xu, Marie-Beatrice Madec, Dolores Caras-Quintero, Khalid A. Alamry, Andromachi Malandraki and Veronica Sanchez-Romaguera 4.1 Introduction 87 4.2 Print-Head Considerations 88 4.3 Physical Considerations in DOD Droplet Formation 89 4.4 Ink Design Considerations 95 4.5 Ink Classification 95 4.6 Applications in Electronic Devices 105 References 108 5. When the Drop Hits the Substrate 113 Jonathan Stringer and Brian Derby 5.1 Introduction 113 5.2 Stable Droplet Deposition 114 5.3 Unstable Droplet Deposition 120 5.4 Capillarity-Driven Spreading 122 5.5 Coalescence 126 5.6 Phase Change 131 5.7 Summary 134 References 135 6. Manufacturing of Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) 141 David B. Wallace 6.1 Introduction 141 6.2 Limitations and Opportunities in MEMS Fabrication 142 6.3 Benefits of Inkjet in MEMS Fabrication 143 6.4 Chemical Sensors 144 6.5 Optical MEMS Devices 147 6.6 Bio-MEMS Devices 151 6.7 Assembly and Packaging 152 6.8 Conclusions 156 Acknowledgements 156 References 156 7. Conductive Tracks and Passive Electronics 159 Jake Reder 7.1 Introduction 159 7.2 Vision 159 7.3 Drivers 160 7.4 Incumbent Technologies 162 7.5 Conductive Tracks and Contacts 162 7.6 Raw Materials: Ink 164 7.7 Raw Materials: Conductive Polymers 172 7.8 Raw Materials: Substrates 172 7.9 Printing Processes 174 7.10 Post Deposition Processing 174 7.11 Resistors 175 7.12 Capacitors 176 7.13 Other Passive Electronic Devices 176 7.14 Outlook 178 References 178 8. Printed Circuit Board Fabrication 183 Neil Chilton 8.1 Introduction 183 8.2 What Is a PCB? 183 8.3 How Is a PCB Manufactured Conventionally? 185 8.4 Imaging 185 8.5 PCB Design Formats 188 8.6 Inkjet Applications in PCB Manufacturing 189 8.7 Future Possibilities 202 References 205 9. Active Electronics 207 Madhusudan Singh, Hanna M. Haverinen, Yuka Yoshioka and Ghassan E. Jabbour 9.1 Introduction 207 9.2 Applications of Inkjet Printing to Active Devices 211 9.3 Future Outlook 224 References 225 10. Flat Panel Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) Displays: A Case Study 237 Julian Carter, Mark Crankshaw and Sungjune Jung 10.1 Introduction 237 10.2 Development of Inkjet Printing for OLED Displays 238 10.3 Inkjet Requirements for OLED Applications 241 10.4 Ink Formulation and Process Control 243 10.5 Print Defects and Control 246 10.6 Conclusions and Outlook 249 Acknowledgements 250 References 250 11. Radiofrequency Identification (RFID) Manufacturing: A Case Study 255 Vivek Subramanian 11.1 Introduction 255 11.2 Conventional RFID Technology 256 11.3 Applications of Printing to RFID 260 11.4 Printed Antenna Structures for RFID 260 11.5 Printed RFID Tags 263 11.6 Conclusions 273 References 273 12. Biopolymers and Cells 275 Paul Calvert and Thomas Boland 12.1 Introduction 275 12.2 Printers for Biopolymers and Cells 277 12.3 Ink Formulation 282 12.4 Printing Cells 289 12.5 Reactive Inks 292 12.6 Substrates for Printing 296 12.7 Applications 297 12.8 Conclusions 299 References 299 13. Tissue Engineering: A Case Study 307 Makoto Nakamura 13.1 Introduction 307 13.2 A Feasibility Study of Live Cell Printing by Inkjet 310 13.3 3D Biofabrication by Gelation of Inkjet Droplets 313 13.4 2D and 3D Biofabrication by a 3D Bioprinter 314 13.5 Use of Inkjet Technology for 3D Tissue Manufacturing 319 13.6 Summary and Future Prospects 322 Acknowledgements 323 References 323 14. Three-Dimensional Digital Fabrication 325 Bill O Neill 14.1 Introduction 325 14.2 Background to Digital Fabrication 326 14.3 Digital Fabrication and Jetted Material Delivery 329 14.4 Liquid-Based Fabrication Techniques 330 14.5 Powder-Based Fabrication Techniques 335 14.6 Research Challenges 338 14.7 Future Trends 340 References 341 15. Current Inkjet Technology and Future Directions 343 Mike Willis 15.1 The Inkjet Print-Head as a Delivery Device 343 15.2 Limitations of Inkjet Technology 344 15.3 Today s Dominant Technologies and Limitations 348 15.4 Other Current Technologies 351 15.5 Emerging Technologies 353 15.6 Future Trends for Print-Head Manufacturing 357 15.7 Future Requirements and Directions 358 15.8 Summary of Status of Inkjet Technology for Digital Fabrication 361 References 362 Index 363
