List of Contributors, x Forewords by David Bloom, Arieh L. Shalhav, and Patrick Duffy, xvi Preface, xviii Acknowledgments, xx Part I History, Training, Instrumentation, and Physiology, 1 1 The Evolution of Robotic Surgery and Its Clinical Applications, 3 Shyam Sukumar, Mahendra Bhandari, and Mani Menon 2 Stepwise Approach to Training for Robotic Surgery and Credentialing, 10 Jason Y. Lee and Elspeth M. McDougall 3 Role of Simulators in Robotic Surgery, 19 Thenkurussi Kesavadas and Khurshid Guru 4 Operating Room Setup and Instrumentation, 29 Frank J. Penna and Jack S. Elder 5 Different Robotic Surgical Systems and Instruments: Advantages and Disadvantages, 38 Gaayana A. Raju and Michael C. Ost 6 Transition to Robotic from Laparoscopic Surgery: Lessons Learned, 44 Vijaya Vemulakonda and Duncan T. Wilcox 7 Laparoscopy as a Foundation and Its Limitations and Pitfalls in Reconstructive Pediatric Urology, 51 Nilay S. Patel, Asif Muneer, and Imran Mushtaq 8 Limitations and Difficulties of the Present Robotic Surgical Systems for Pediatric Use: Tips and Tricks, 58 Christina Kim 9 Building a Robotic Program: a Viable Business Plan, 65 Marcelo A. Orvieto and Vipul R. Patel 10 The Basics of Robotic Surgery and a "Team Approach", 72 Gregory P. Zagaja 11 Anesthetic Considerations for Robotic Surgery, 76 Sara L. Pittenger, Michael R. Hernandez, and Catherine Bachman 12 Physiological Changes During Minimally Invasive Surgery, 87 Francisco J. Reed Lopez-Guerena, Marc-David Leclair, and Pedro-Jose Lopez E. Part II Surgical Techniques, 93 Section 1: Renal and Adrenal Applications 13 Anatomy of Kidney and Adrenal Gland for Minimally Invasive Surgery, 97 Walid A. Farhat and Bryce A. Weber 14 Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Nephrectomy for Benign Kidney Disease, 104 Shiv Patel, Ardavan Akhavan, and Jeffrey A. Stock 15 Robotic Heminephrectomy, 111 Lori Dyer, Emad Riskala, and Israel Franco 16 Pyeloplasty: a Transperitoneal Approach, 120 Rita Gobet 17 Pyeloplasty: a Retroperitoneal Approach, 125 L. Henning Olsen and Yazan F. Rawashdeh 18 Robotic Pyeloplasty in Complex Renal Anomalies, 129 Aria A. Razmaria, Gautam Jayram, and Mohan S. Gundeti 19 Reconstructive Surgery in Duplex Kidney, 136 Paul H. Noh 20 Stone Treatment, 142 Pablo Gomez III, Carlo C. Passerotti, and Richard S. Lee Section 2: Ureteral Applications 21 Robotic-Assisted Intravesical Ureteral Reimplantation, 151 Brian J. Minnillo, Giovanni S. Marchini, and Hiep T. Nguyen 22 Robotic-Assisted Extravesical Ureteral Reimplantation, 160 Pasquale Casale 23 Ureteral Defects and Retrocaval Ureter, 163 Aseem R. Shukla Section 3: Bladder Applications 24 Anatomy of Large and Small Bowel and Appendix Including Their Blood Supply for Cystoplasty and Appendicovesicostomy with a Minimally Invasive Approach, 171 Prasad P. Godbole 25 Anatomy of the Pelvis and Lower Urinary Tract for Minimally Invasive Surgery Reconstruction, 175 Naeem Samnakay and Japinder Khosa 26 Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Ileocystoplasty and Continent Catheterizable Channels, 179 Mohan S. Gundeti 27 Robotic-Assisted Bladder Neck Surgery and Slings, 187 Douglas W. Storm and Joel M. Sumfest Section 4: Other Applications 28 Bladder Diverticulum Excision, 195 Jennifer A. Hagerty and Bruce W. Lindgren 29 Robotic General Surgery in Neonates and Small Children, 199 John J. Meehan 30 Vaginoplasty: Robotically Assisted Laparoscopic Technique, 216 Christina Kim 31 Seminal Vesical Cyst Excision, 223 Michael Erhard Part III: Adult Reconstructive Principles Applicable to Pediatrics, 229 32 Robotic NOTES (Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery) in Adults: Limitations in the Pediatric Population, 231 Isuru S. Jayaratna, Vannita Simma-Chiang, Mihir M. Desai, and Chester J. Koh 33 Laparoendoscopic Single-Site (LESS) Surgery and Robotic Laparoendoscopic Single-Site (R-LESS) Surgery in Urology: Adult and Pediatric Applications, 237 Andrew J. Hung, Manuel S. Eisenberg, Inderbir S. Gill, Mihir M. Desai, and Chester J. Koh 34 Robotics in Adrenal Disease, 245 Aron Bruhn and Michael D. Stifelman 35 Alternative Techniques of Pyeloplasty in the Adult Population, 254 Narmada P. Gupta and Rajiv Yadav 36 Ureteral Defects and Ureterovaginal Fistulas, 261 Irina Stanasel and Ashok K. Hemal 37 Robotic Reconstruction Techniques Following Cystectomy, 269 Miles A. Goldstraw, Salil Umranikar, Krishna Patil, Roger S. Kirby, and Prokar Dasgupta Part IV: Complications, Outcomes, and Future Perspective, 277 38 Robotic Surgery Complications and Safety, 279 Daniel DaJusta and Linda A. Baker 39 Robotic Surgery Outcomes: Upper Urinary Tract, 290 Hsi-Yang Wu and Douglas A. Canning 40 Robotic Surgery Outcomes: Lower Urinary Tract, 293 Rosalia Misseri and Martin Kaefer 41 Family Perceptions and Impact of New Technology on Decision Making, 298 Shawn M. Beck and Antoine E. Khoury 42 The Asian Continent: Is It Ready for New Technology? An Indian Perspective, 305 Rajendra B. Nerli, Mallikarjuna N. Reddy, and Sujit K. Chowdhary 43 The Asian Continent: Is It Ready for New Technology? A Chinese Perspective, 312 Jie Sun 44 Telerobotics: Its Future in Clinical Application, 314 Thomas S. Lendvay, Jacob Rosen, and Blake Hannaford 45 Role of Haptics in Robotic Surgery: Present and Future Applications, 328 Young Soo Park, Kyu Suk Baek, and Mohan S. Gundeti Index, 337
