Symposium on New perspectives on mitochondrial biolog y, held at the Novartis Foundation, London, 28-30 November 2006. Editors: Derek J. Chadwick (Organizer) and Jamie Goode. This symposium is based on a proposal by Michael Duchen. David G. Nicholls Chair's introduction. Albert Neutzner, Richard J. Youle and Mariusz Karbowski, Outer mitochondrial membrane protein degradation by the proteasome. Discussion. Sarah E. Haigh, Gilad Twig, Anthony A. J. Molina, Jakob D. Wikstrom, Motti Deutsch and Orian S. Shirihai PA-GFP: a window into the subcellular adventures of the individual mitochondrion. Discussion. Luca Scorrano, Multiple functions of mitochondria-shaping proteins. Discussion. Bruce M. Spiegelman, Transcriptional control of mitochondrial energy metabolism through the PGC1 coactivators. Discussion. Charles Affourtit, Paul G. Crichton, Nadeene Parker and Martin D. Brand, Novel uncoupling proteins. Discussion. Cecilia Giulivi, Mitochondria as generators and targets of nitric oxide. Discussion. Gyorgy Hajnoczky, Masao Saotome, Gyorgy Csordas, David Weaver and Muqing Yi, Calcium signalling and mitochondrial motility. Discussion. Anna Romagnoli, Paola Aguiari, Diego De Stefani, Sara Leo, Saverio Marchi, Alessandro Rimessi, Erika Zecchini, Paolo Pinton and Rosario Rizzuto, Endoplasmic reticulum/mitochondria calcium cross-talk. Discussion. Brian O'Rourke, Sonia Cortassa, Fadi Akar and Miguel Aon, Mitochondrial ion channels in cardiac function and dysfunction. Discussion. Paolo Bernardi and Michael Forte, The mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Discussion. Dominic James, Philippe A. Parone, Olivier Terradillos, Safa Lucken-Ardjomande, Sylvie Montessuit and Jean-Claude Martinou, Mechanisms of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization. Discussion. M. Flint Beal, Mitochondria and neurodegeneration. Discussion. Mugen Terzioglu and Nils-Goran Larsson, Mitochondrial dysfunction in mammalian ageing. Discussion. Eric A. Schon and Salvatore DiMauro. Mitochondrial mutations: genotype to phenotype. Discussion. Contributor Index. Subject index.