Part 1: General.- Light, waves, photons.- Simplified phylogeny of arthropods. Focus on insects.- Characteristics of living structures: Multifunctionality, economy, disorder and complexity.- Vision, colorimetry, role of colours in the living world (influence of insect behaviour and survival: communication, social interactions, attraction, predation, camouflage, mimicry).- Impact of light on living organisms: development/evolution, radiation protection (UV, blue), uptake of metabolites, pollination of flowers).- Why are insects attracted to light? Light pollution (effects on insects, applications and threats).- Part two: The Visible.- Introduction: Origin of colours (pigments, structures, emission).- Pigments.- Physical colours.- Mixed systems.- Transparency. Why, how.- Bioluminescence (Fireflies, wireworms, etc.).- Part three: The Ultraviolet.- Reflection and diffusion of UV, interaction flowers-insects.- Fluorescence / Phosphorescence: Principle.- Insects: fluorescent biomaterials and metabolites.- Other arthropods: Chelicerata, Myriapoda.- Oriented emission, guidance.- Part Four: The Infrared.- Insect thermoregulation: principles.- Solar infrared: absorption - Thermal infrared: Emission.- Fluorescence.- Part five: Characterization and modelling techniques.- Physical characterizations.- Chemical characterizations.- Modelling: Finite elements, RCWA, FDTD.- Part Six: Bio-inspiration.