Introduction.- Turkmenistan: Landscape-geographical features, biodiversity and ecosystems.- The Karakum Desert.- Climate change in Turkmenistan.- Water resources of Turkmenistan.- The Caspian Sea and Kara-Bogaz-Gol Bay.- The Karakum Canal.- Sarykamysh Lake - collector of drainage water: the past, the present and the future.- Groundwaters and salinization of soils in Turkmenistan.- Forecast of the Water-Salt Balance in the Turkmen Lake Altyn-Asyr.- The Turkmen Lake Altyn Asyr.- Three-Dimensional Digital Elevation Model of Karashor Depression and Altyn Asyr Lake.- Satellite monitoring of the Caspian Sea, Kara-Bogaz-Gol Bay, Sarykamysh and Altyn Asyr Lakes, and Amu Darya River.- Present-day condition of ichthyofauna in reservoirs of Turkmenistan.- Waterbirds of hydrographic network of Altyn Asyr.- International cooperation of Turkmenistan in the water sector.- Conclusions.
