This chapter provides an overview of a circular economy system combined with principles from the International Integrated Reporting Council's integrated reporting framework. The model proposes that the circular economy and the principles of integrated thinking must be considered at the national level to achieve sustainable development because at this level it is more practical to obtain a complete picture of how financial and extra-financial capitals interact and can be enhanced. Governments must play a crucial role to ensure planning and policy development which promotes the creation of closed-loop systems where the output, end-of-life products and waste are designed to be used as inputs to the same or other systems.
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978-1-83545-062-8 (9781835450628)
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Wayne van Zijl, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
