Feedlot Production Medicine, An Issue of Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 31-3

Name: Feedlot Production Medicine, An Issue of Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 31-3 | Feedlot Production Medicine, an Issue of Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 31-3
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Feedlot Production Medicine, an Issue of Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 31-3

Brad J. White(Autor*in)

Elsevier (Verlag)

1. Auflage

Erschienen am 7. Januar 2016

100 Seiten

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978-0-323-41359-6 (ISBN)

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Front Cover
Feedlot Production Medicine
Copyright
Contributors
CONSULTING EDITOR
EDITORS
AUTHORS
Contents
Preface: Feedlot Production Medicine
Feedlot Processing and Arrival Cattle Management
Use of Antimicrobial Metaphylaxis for the Control of Bovine Respiratory Disease in High-Risk Cattle
A Systematic Review of Bovine Respiratory Disease Diagnosis Focused on Diagnostic Confirmation, Early Detection, and Predic ...
Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus-Associated Disease in Feedlot Cattle
Feedlot Acute Interstitial Pneumonia
Investigating Outbreaks of Disease or Impaired Productivity in Feedlot Cattle
Surgical Management of Common Disorders of Feedlot Calves
Surgical Management of Orthopedic and Musculoskeletal Diseases of Feedlot Calves
Treatment of Calves with Bovine Respiratory Disease: Duration of Therapy and Posttreatment Intervals
Management of Feedyard Hospitals
Feedlot Euthanasia and Necropsy
Optimizing Feedlot Diagnostic Testing Strategies Using Test Characteristics, Disease Prevalence, and Relative Costs of Misd ...
Using Feedlot Operational Data to Make Valid Conclusions for Improving Health Management
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA: FOOD ANIMAL PRACTICE
FORTHCOMING ISSUES
March 2016
July 2016
November 2016
RECENT ISSUES
July 2015
March 2015
November 2014
Preface: Feedlot Production Medicine
Feedlot Processing and Arrival Cattle Management
Key points
INTRODUCTION
THE PURPOSE OF ACCLIMATION
HOW TO ACCLIMATE CATTLE
CONTINUED BENEFITS OF ACCLIMATION
PROCESSING
SUMMARY
SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
REFERENCES
Use of Antimicrobial Metaphylaxis for the Control of Bovine Respiratory Disease in High-Risk Cattle
Key points
INTRODUCTION
THE IMPORTANCE OF ANTIMICROBIAL METAPHYLAXIS
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE DECISION TO USE METAPHYLAXIS
PRICE DISCOVERY OF FEEDER CATTLE
ANTIMICROBIALS APPROVED FOR METAPHYLACTIC USE
MANAGEMENT BENEFITS OF METAPHYLAXIS
SUMMARY
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
REFERENCES
A Systematic Review of Bovine Respiratory Disease Diagnosis Focused on Diagnostic Confirmation, Early Detection, and Predic ...
Key points
INTRODUCTION
METHODS
Definitions for the Search
Criteria for Considering Studies
Search Strategy
Selection of Studies
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
1: Confirmatory Diagnostics
White blood cell count
Acute phase proteins
Detection of bovine respiratory disease pathogens
Stress-related hormones
Direct measurement of pulmonary changes
2: Early Disease Detection
Automated behavior monitoring
Evidence for differences in behavior between sick and healthy cattle
Application for early bovine respiratory disease detection
Automated temperature measurements
Evidence for differences in temperature between sick and healthy cattle
Application in early bovine respiratory disease detection
3: Prognostic Tests
Biomarkers and pathogen detection
Direct indicators for lung lesions
Treatment outcome prediction based on feedlot records
IMPLICATIONS AND LIMITATIONS
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus-Associated Disease in Feedlot Cattle
Key points
INTRODUCTION
BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS AND BOVINE RESPIRATORY DISEASE COMPLEX
IMMUNOSUPPRESSION ASSOCIATED WITH BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS INFECTION
PERSISTENTLY INFECTED CATTLE AS THE MOST IMPORTANT RESERVOIR FOR BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS
Creation of Cattle Persistently Infected with Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus
Role of Cattle Persistently Infected with Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus as Viral Reservoir
Direct Health Risk of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Persistently Infected Feedlot Cattle
Health Risk of Feedlot Cattle in Contact with Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Persistently Infected Cattle
CONSIDERATIONS OF BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS SPECIES AND STRAINS (SUBTYPES)
BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS ASSOCIATION WITH DISEASES OTHER THAN BOVINE RESPIRATORY DISEASE COMPLEX IN FEEDLOT CATTLE
ROLE OF VACCINATION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS IN FEEDLOT SETTINGS
ROLE OF TESTING AND REMOVAL OF PERSISTENTLY INFECTED CATTLE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF BOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS IN FEEDLOT SET ...
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Feedlot Acute Interstitial Pneumonia
Key points
INTRODUCTION: NATURE OF THE PROBLEM
Clinical Definition
Pathology of Acute Interstitial Pneumonia
Epidemiology and Risk Factors
Etiology
THERAPEUTIC OPTIONS
Prevention of Feedlot Acute Interstitial Pneumonia
CLINICAL OUTCOMES
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Investigating Outbreaks of Disease or Impaired Productivity in Feedlot Cattle
Key points
INTRODUCTION
IMPORTANT CONCEPTS
Causal Reasoning
Level of Action
WHY INVESTIGATE OUTBREAKS
HOW TO INVESTIGATE AN OUTBREAK OF DISEASE OR IMPAIRED PRODUCTIVITY
Steps of an Outbreak Investigation
Describing Outbreaks
DRAWING CAUSAL CONCLUSIONS
Measures of Association
Significance Testing
CHALLENGES OF OUTBREAK INVESTIGATION IN BEEF CATTLE FEEDLOTS
Access to Records
Access to People
Flow of Animals, Feeds, and People
DRAWING CONCLUSIONS FROM AN OUTBREAK INVESTIGATION
Measures of Impact
Finding the System Solution
COMMUNICATING RESULTS
Written Reports
Monitoring Compliance and Resolution
FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Surgical Management of Common Disorders of Feedlot Calves
Key points
INTRODUCTION: NATURE OF THE PROBLEM
THERAPEUTIC OPTIONS AND/OR SURGICAL TECHNIQUES
Castration
Postcastration complications and management
Dehorning
Enucleation
Enucleation postoperative care
Tracheostomy
Tongue Amputation
Perineal Urethrostomy
Complications and management
Rumenotomy and Rumenostomy
Midline Cesarean Section
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Surgical Management of Orthopedic and Musculoskeletal Diseases of Feedlot Calves
Key points
PAIN MANAGEMENT
DIGIT AMPUTATION
ANKYLOSIS OF THE DISTAL INTERPHALANGEAL JOINT
Plantar (Heel Bulb) Approach to Ankylosis
Ankylosis of the Distal Interphalangeal Joint Through the Hoof Wall (Abaxial Approach)
PEDAL OSTEITIS
FRACTURE MANAGEMENT
Splinting
Casting
Thomas Splint and Cast Combination
Transfixation Pinning and Casting and External Skeletal Fixation
Closed Versus Open Fractures
Metacarpus and Metatarsus III/IV
Humerus
Radius and Ulna
Tibia
Complications of Fracture Management
TENDON DISORDERS
Spastic Paresis
Tendon Laceration
Treatment of Tendon Disruption
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Treatment of Calves with Bovine Respiratory Disease
Key points
INTRODUCTION
DURATION OF THERAPY: HOW LONG SHOULD IT BE?
DURATION OF THERAPY: HOW LONG IS IT?
Oxytetracycline (200 mg/mL)
Florfenicol
Enrofloxacin
Other Bovine Respiratory Disease Antimicrobials
CLINICAL TRIAL EVALUATION OF POSTTREATMENT INTERVALS FOR SINGLE INJECTION ANTIMICROBIALS
Ceftiofur Crystalline Free Acid
Tulathromycin
Tilmicosin
Enrofloxacin
DISCUSSION
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Management of Feedyard Hospitals
Key points
INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF HOSPITAL PENS
TYPES OF HOSPITAL SYSTEMS
MANAGING POST-TREATMENT INTERVALS
SORTING CATTLE IN THE HOSPITAL
MANAGING ANIMAL INVENTORIES AND WITHHOLD TIMES
HOSPITAL TANK AND PEN CLEANING
HOSPITAL FEED AND HAY PROVISION
ADDITIONAL HUSBANDRY ITEMS
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Feedlot Euthanasia and Necropsy
Key points
FEEDLOT EUTHANASIA AND NECROPSY
FEEDLOT EUTHANASIA
Conditions That Warrant Euthanasia Considerations
Euthanasia Intent, Considerations, and Safety
Captive Bolt and Gunshot Considerations
Sedative/Tranquilizer Use
Use of a Gun to Perform Euthanasia
Euthanasia Target Aiming
Secondary Technique Used to Ensure Death
FEEDLOT NECROPSY
Necropsy Safety, Tools, and Technique
Sharp Knives Are a Must!
Sharpening knives
Determining when the edge is sharp
Finishing the cutting edge and keeping your knife sharp
Key to keeping your necropsy knife sharp
Feedlot Necropsy Technique That Minimizes Loose Body Parts
Start with the ruminant on its left side
Accessing the brain
Opening the hide and reflecting the legs
Examining the oral cavity and neck structures
Opening the abdomen and thorax
Examining the thoracic cavity
Examining the abdominal cavity
Recording Your Observations
Final comment
REFERENCES
Optimizing Feedlot Diagnostic Testing Strategies Using Test Characteristics, Disease Prevalence, and Relative Costs of Misd ...
Key points
INTRODUCTION
SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY
DIAGNOSTIC MODALITIES: EXAMPLES
Low and Wide-Ranging Diagnostic Accuracy: Bovine Respiratory Disease Diagnosis
Highly Accurate Diagnostic: Bioassay for Pregnancy
USING SENSITIVITY, SPECIFICITY, AND PREVALENCE TO DETERMINE POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE PREDICTIVE VALUES
Evaluation of Economic Consequences of Test Misclassifications
COST OF MISCLASSIFICATIONS (FALSE-POSITIVES AND FALSE-NEGATIVES)
DECISION MATRIX FOR OPTIMIZING DIAGNOSTIC STRATEGIES
RETEST THE POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE ANIMALS FROM THE INITIAL TEST
SUMMARY
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Using Feedlot Operational Data to Make Valid Conclusions for Improving Health Management
Key points
INTRODUCTION
QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF OPERATIONAL DATA
MAKING APPROPRIATE CONCLUSIONS: POTENTIAL FOR DIFFERENTIAL ERRORS IN OPERATIONAL DATA
MAKING APPROPRIATE COMPARISONS: IDENTIFYING AND CONTROLLING CONFOUNDING
DISTRIBUTIONS OF POPULATION HEALTH OUTCOMES
TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTIONS: HEALTH EVENTS OVER TIME
CONCURRENTLY ASSESSING MULTIPLE HEALTH OUTCOMES
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Index

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