Sclerotia Grains in Soils

Makiko Watanabe is a professor of soil geography in the Department of Geography, the Graduate School of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan (2008-present), and she was a professor at the Department of Environmental Science and Technology, the Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology (2002-2010). She served as a program officer of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (2009-2012), a member of the Science Council of Japan (2006-2014), and currently is a member of the National Research and Development Agency Council of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (2015-present). She was a visiting scholar at the Godwin Laboratory, the University of Cambridge (1998), a visiting professor at the Department of Historical Ecology, Krasnoyarsk State University (2000), and a visiting professor at the Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Regina (2016). Based on her abundant field experiences in the Philippines, Germany, Egypt, Canada, and Mongolia, she has a broad view of understanding the time and space of soil environment and individual land history. Her research achievements are specialized in long-term circulation of soil substances and nature-human systems in regional environments, which provide basic knowledge of potentiality and limitation of homeostasis in terrestrial earth and feasible strategies for sustainable development.