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Darren Walker has lived the promise of America.
Born to a single mother in a Louisiana charity hospital, the pride of Head Start and public schools in rural East Texas, Walker serves today as the tenth President of the Ford Foundation, among the largest private foundations in the United States. Since 2013, he has overseen more than $7 billion in grantmaking, while transforming philanthropy and inspiring conversations about and commitments to democratic values and institutions around the world. As Walker writes, "I have lived on both sides of American inequality. And I know, all too personally, that the distance between the two has never been greater."
In The Idea of America: Reflections on Inequality, Democracy, and the Values We Share, Walker argues that we can narrow our widening divides by rediscovering our common aspirations and common good. With an original foreword by President William Jefferson Clinton, this prescient, timely compendium introduces us to an essential leader of and for our moment-in his own words-through his most essential reflections, essays, and speeches.
Across 97 selected pieces, many published here for the first time, Walker shares from his:
Ultimately, Walker calls for courageous, moral leadership from us all-challenging us to step back from the extremes, to lean into nuance and complexity, and to build longer bridges.
"Hope," Walker affirms, "is the oxygen of democracy." The Idea of America gives powerful testimony to all that is possible "if we renew our fidelity to the values that bind us, both despite and because of our differences."
DARREN WALKER is president of the Ford Foundation, among the largest and most influential philanthropic institutions in the world. Since 2013, Darren has overseen more than $7 billion in grantmaking, while transforming the foundation, philanthropy, and promoting democratic values in the United States and around the globe. TIME has recognized him among their 100 Most Influential People and he has received twenty honorary degrees.
Foreword xxvPresident Bill Clinton
Part I My American Story and Our American Journey
Finding My Way Home 9Statement upon Appointment as President of the Ford Foundation
New York, New York July 25, 2013
Build a Bridge to a Better World 14Address to The University of Texas at Austin Class of 2015
Austin, Texas May 23, 2015
The Power of the Mighty Sunflower 20Address to The University of Texas at Austin Law School Class of 2016
Austin, Texas May 21, 2016
Activism Is Our Rent 25Address to the Sarah Lawrence College Class of 2018
Bronxville, New York May 21, 2018
A Proud Son of the American South 31
June 28, 2021
Healing and Serving the World 34Sermon to Church of the Heavenly Rest
New York, New York October 23, 2022
Repeal of Affirmative Action Is Only the Beginning 41The New York Times
June 30, 2023
Part II Uprooting Inequality and Moving The Ford Foundation Forward
Enduring Mission, New Vision 49Inaugural Address to the Ford Foundation Community
New York, New York September 9, 2013
Taking Stock, Looking Ahead 562014 Annual Message
September 2, 2014
Work in Detroit Doesn't End with Grand Bargain 62Detroit Free Press
November 19, 2014
What's Next for the Ford Foundation: A Blueprint for Social-Justice Philanthropy 65
June 11, 2015
All In on Detroit 72
with Kofi AppentengDetroit Free Press
June 15, 2015
Moving the Ford Foundation Forward 75
November 8, 2015
Putting FordForward into Action 84
June 30, 2016
Ignorance Is the Enemy Within 912016 Annual Message
September 12, 2016
Unleashing the Power of Endowments: The Next Great Challenge for Philanthropy 99Stanford Social Innovation Review
April 5, 2017
A $1 Billion Experiment in Philanthropic Investing 109The Wall Street Journal
April 7, 2017
Aligning Our Investments and Our Values 112
October 18, 2021
Healing the Breach: The Ford Family and Ford Foundation 116
With Edsel B. Ford iiFortune
December 5, 2024
Part III A New Gospel of Giving for Our New Gilded Age
Rejecting the Tyranny of Strategy 125Stanford Social Innovation Review
May 15, 2014
Toward a New Gospel of Wealth 1282015 Annual Message
October 1, 2015
Maintaining the Mobility Escalator Together 136Statement upon Election to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Cambridge, Massachusetts October 18, 2015
Why Giving Back Isn't Enough 140The New York Times
December 18, 2015
Philanthropy Is an American Idea and Birthright 144Time
The Coming of Hope: A Vision for Philanthropy in the New Year 1472019 New Year's Message
January 9, 2019
The Hard Work of Hope: How We Move Forward 1552020 New Year's Message
January 22, 2020
In Support of Philanthropic Pluralism 160
with Heather Templeton Dill, Kathleen Enright, Sam Gill,
Brian Hooks, and Elise WesthoffThe Chronicle of Philanthropy
April 13, 2023
Finding Philanthropy's Forgotten Founder 165The Atlantic
September 9, 2024
Part IV The Art of Democracy
Open and Free: On Arts, Democracy, and Inequality 177Address to the Association of Art Museum Directors
Mexico City, Mexico January 26, 2015
The Imperative of Diversity in Arts and Culture 184Introduction of Partnership with New York City Department of Cultural Affairs
New York, New York January 27, 2015
On the Art of Change 188Skoll World Forum
Oxford, United Kingdom April 17, 2015
The Detroit Institute of Arts Belongs to the People- as Does the City of Detroit 193Ford Foundation Board Meeting
Detroit, Michigan June 16, 2015
Our Nation's Most Precious Heritage 195Address to the President's Committee on Arts and Humanities
Washington, dc
September 10, 2015
Yes Justice, Yes Peace: The Role of Art in Confronting Inequality 201Frances Tarlton "Sissy" Farenthold Endowed Lecture
Rothko Chapel Houston, Texas October 3, 2016
The Art of Democracy: Creative Expression and American Greatness 206Nancy Hanks Lecture on Arts and Public Policy
The Kennedy Center
March 20, 2017
Celebrating Democracy's Art 218Address to the Foundation for Art and Preservation in Embassies
The United States Department of State
April 16, 2018
Museums Need to Step Into the Future 222The New York Times
July 26, 2019
Through Art, Hope-and Through Hope, Justice 226Address to the Bennington College Class of 2021
Bennington, Vermont May 28, 2021
The Urgency of Art: Art and Justice During a Time of Crisis 232Rothschild Foundation Lecture
The Royal Academy of Arts London, England November 7, 2023
Part V Democratic Capitalism: Economic Opportunity and Shared Prosperity
Where Markets Lead, Justice Must Follow 247Address to the Presidio Graduate School Class of 2015
San Anselmo, California May 30, 2015
Internships Are Not a Privilege 253The New York Times
July 15, 2016
Building Inclusive Economies in an Era of Inequality 256Address to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Summit on Inclusion, Innovation, and Resilience
Paris, France November 22, 2016
On the Future of Work(ers) 261
October 1, 2018
The Value of What Matters 267Address to the IE University, Madrid, Class of 2019
Madrid, Spain July 19, 2019
How to Save Capitalism from Itself 273Fast Company
October 17, 2019
Are You Willing to Give Up Your Privilege? 278The New York Times
June 25, 2020
In Response 50 Years Later: The "Subversive Doctrine" of Milton Friedman 282As Submitted The New York Times
September 14, 2020
Shared Company Ownership May Be the Missing Path to the American Dream 285
with Pete StavrosFortune
August 11, 2022
AI Is Changing Everything- and We Need New Guardrails 288
with Hemant TanejaThe Washington Post
March 28, 2023
Part VI The Covid- 19 Crisis: Extraordinary Times, Extraordinary Measures
A Note from Home 295
March 20, 2020
Why Foundations Like Mine Need to Give More to Stave Off the Collapse of Vital Nonprofits 300The Chronicle of Philanthropy
June 8, 2020
Extraordinary Times, Extraordinary Measures 304
June 11, 2020
To End the Pandemic, Every Business Leader Must Put Worker Health and Equity First 311Fortune
February 23, 2021
Rebuilding Our Post- COVID World Together 314
March 24, 2021
An Equitable Vaccine Rollout Must Prioritize the Most Vulnerable 319The Washington Post
April 6, 2021
How to End Global Vaccine Inequality 322
with Charlize TheronTime
October 6, 2021
The Stubborn Persistence of Vaccine Inequality 326Foreign Affairs
November 2, 2021
Part VII From An American Century To Inclusive Global Engagement
Democracy Has No Finish Line 335Address to Ford Foundation Trustees Symposium
Johannesburg, South Africa February 11, 2014
A New Global Era of Urban Disruption 340Address to UNHABITAT, World Urban Forum 7
Medellín, Colombia April 7, 2014
How Can We Help You? 3452015 CIVICUS State of Civil Society Report
July 8, 2015
Old Money, New Order: American Philanthropies and the Defense of Liberal Democracy 354Foreign Affairs
October 15, 2016
Supporting Ukraine and the Values of Democracy 365
March 9, 2022
Building a More Inclusive Global Order 370The New York Times
September 19, 2022
Part VIII Out of Many, One: Why Difference Need Not Yield Division
The Opposite of Inequality Is Justice 379Address to the Hostos Community College Class of 2015
South Bronx, New York, New York June 4, 2015
Choosing E Pluribus Unum 383Address to the University of Vermont Class of 2019
Burlington, Vermont May 19, 2019
Confronting Anti- Asian Violence 389
March 17, 2021
Building Multiethnic, Multiracial, Pluralist Democracies 391Statement upon Appointment into the Order of the British Empire
New York, New York March 22, 2023
Turning the Rising Tide of Anti- Semitism 394
September 15, 2023
Holding Fast to Our Shared Humanity 397
October 22, 2023
The Democratic Values That Bind Us Together 399Address to the American University of Beirut Class of 2024
Beirut, Lebanon June 8, 2024
Part IX The Promise of America
A New Testament of Hope 407Expanded Version
December 15, 2014
What Makes Us Exceptional: The Act of Perfecting, Not the Fact of Perfection 415Address to the Hunter College Class of 2016
New York, New York January 21, 2016
The Power of Privilege 422Address to the Bowdoin College Class of 2016
Brunswick, Maine May 27, 2016
Let America Be America Again 4272017 New Year's Message
January 4, 2017
Justice Over Greatness: A New Year's Reflection 4322018 New Year's Message
January 17, 2018
With Four Freedoms, Four Responsibilities: A Defense of Democratic Values 441Expanded from Addresses to the Classes of 2017 at Michigan State University, Simmons College, Oberlin College, and Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies
February 2018
Democracy Is a Threat to White Supremacy 478
January 7, 2021
The Dawn Is Ours 480
January 22, 2021
Inclusion Is Patriotism of the Highest Order 482The Washington Post
July 2, 2021
Jefferson's Republic, 246 Years On 485Rededication of the Burial Ground for Enslaved People
Monticello, Virginia June 17, 2022
These Truths We Hold 489The New York Times
July 4, 2022
Part X In Celebration: Profiles in Love and Leadership
My David: A Love Story 499Read by Anna Deavere Smith
New York, New York February 23, 2019
John Lewis: A Legacy of Good Trouble 505
July 18, 2020
The Resolve and Righteousness of Ruth Bader Ginsburg 507
September 19, 2020
Standing on the Broad Shoulders of Vernon Jordan 509
March 2, 2021
Celebrating the Remarkable Legacy of Franklin Thomas 511
December 23, 2021
Franklin Thomas, Giant of Justice and Generosity 513Remarks in Remembrance
New York, New York January 9, 2022
Vartan Gregorian: The Philanthropist's Philanthropist 516Tribute at Carnegie Hall
New York, New York April 13, 2022
Unafraid, Unbowed, and Unapologetic: The Life and Legacy of Judy Heumann 519
March 6, 2023
Harry Belafonte: Firefighter for Justice 522
April 25, 2023
The Gift and the Grace of Alma Powell 524Tribute at the Kennedy Center
October 25, 2024
Cecile Richards, Champion for Justice, Forever Undaunted 529Tribute at the Ford Foundation
New York, New York February 1, 2025
Part XI A Call for Courageous, Moral Leadership
A Call for Moral Courage in America 5372017 Annual Message
September 6, 2017
In Defense of Nuance 5462019 Annual Message
September 9, 2019
The Imperative of Moral Leadership 5512020 Annual Message
October 7, 2020
Democracy at a Crossroads: A Call for Courageous Leadership 558Benjamin Menschel Distinguished Lecture at Cooper Union
New York, New York March 4, 2024
There Is No Leadership Without Risk 568The New York Times
October 20, 2024
Acknowledgments 573
Credits 579
About the Author 581
Address to The University of Texas at Austin Class of 2015 Austin, Texas May 23, 2015
Thank you, President Powers, for your generous words, for so warmly welcoming me back to the Forty Acres, and-much more importantly-for your almost forty years of service to The University of Texas.
Through decades of progress, and a few moments of adversity, your unwavering courage has set a powerful example for generations-and your boundless love for this institution has remained a stalwart inspiration to me, and to alumni around the world.
To you, President Powers; to our distinguished regents; to President-Elect Fenves; esteemed deans; members of the faculty and staff; honored guests; family and friends of the graduates; and, most importantly to the Class of 2015: Congratulations!
This is a momentous evening-a monumental rite of passage-one of those special, fleeting moments that will radiate in your memories for the rest of your lives.
Take it from me. I can vividly recall almost everything about my commencement day. The pride. The joy. The uncertainty. The relief.
I also remember when I first set foot on this campus in 1978; I was a clueless, naive, skinny version of myself. There I was, walking past new kinds of people (I had never seen hippies before); walking on the Drag and into this weird, funky, hole-in-the-wall grocery store (a place called Whole Foods).
I always knew I wanted to be a part of the UT community-and, though I've traveled far and wide, I've never been apart from it.
My first semester here, I believe I responded to every sign-up sheet I saw on the West Mall. During my time on this magical campus, I drank UT life from a firehose. Every drop. In many ways, it was only when I arrived here that my life finally started.
Now, to understand what I mean, you have to understand where I was coming from.
I was born to a single mother in a charity hospital, and we lived in a small, segregated, Louisiana town. But my mother realized that this community was not a place of opportunity for my sister and me, and so we moved to Texas, where we had family-specifically to a town called Ames, population 1,800, in Liberty County.
My mom studied to become a nurse's assistant, a job she worked-with pride and dignity-for decades. I attended public schools.
We didn't have a lot. But we had enough. And these were my beginnings.
Class of 2015: I tell you all this for two reasons. First, your name is on the degree, but it doesn't belong only to you. The second reason I tell you this story is because my story is your story.
The story of a boy who started life in a little shotgun house in Ames, Texas; the story of a young man who made his way up the ladder in a new city, who has the great privilege of leading an institution committed to ending poverty and injustice in the world-this is a Texas story. This is an American story.
It's a story about transcending and overcoming; about the pathway out and forward. In short, it's a story about bridges. About crossing them. Building them. Being them.
You see, my mother crossed a bridge to take my sister and me into Texas. I'll never forget crossing the bridge over the Colorado River on my first visit to Austin. I crossed a bridge into New York when I took my University of Texas education out into the world.
In fact, every major turning point in my life-every figurative bridge-has been accompanied by a literal one.
Yet, the most important crossings in our lives are not always made of cables and concrete and steel. The bridges in our lives take many forms.
On my journey, there was my mother-a bridge from poverty into possibility. But there also were public policies that reflected the generosity of America, the country we love-the only country in the world where my story could even be possible.
A program called Head Start was my bridge between being unready for life and prepared for school.
Private scholarships from Texas philanthropists and Pell grants were my bridge between lower expectations and higher education.
And during my formative years, I always knew-with every fiber of my being-that Texas had my back. That Texas was cheering me on.
In Austin, I had mentors like my English professor, John Trimble, who told me that you don't come to college to get a job; you come to college to get an education. I had champions-women and men who, through their kindness, offered me a bridge to a world I could not have imagined on my own. Without them, I wouldn't be here. Period.
Graduates: Just like me, you're the product of a community that has prepared you to prosper and to thrive.
In New York, I inhabit a world of prep school grads and Ivy League alums. The tiny island of Manhattan is densely packed with some of the most talented, ambitious people on the planet. But my UT education-my public-school education-prepared me to compete, to succeed, and, ultimately, to lead. And it has prepared you, too.
This is the privilege of Texas bigheartedness-the promise of Texas bridges.
My bridges were Black, white, gay, straight, rich, poor, and everything in between. And like all bridges, they don't discriminate. They join people and places of all creeds and colors, of all communities and categories. They take us on a journey, together-hopefully, somewhere better. And this is something of which I was reminded only a few months ago, on a very special bridge in Selma, Alabama.
As many of you know, this year marks the fiftieth anniversary of the Civil Rights Movement's Bloody Sunday, a defining moment in American history. I was honored to attend the celebration back in March. It was incredibly, profoundly moving.
I traveled to Selma with one of my personal heroes, Congressman John Lewis, who marched on the Edmund Pettus Bridge a half century ago. When John boldly led the group of marchers forward in 1965, he was a twenty-five-year-old kid, more or less, your age. He not only yearned for a better world; he was willing to give everything for it.
Meanwhile, a few hundred miles away, I was just five years old, and I had no idea what John Lewis was doing for me. He and the others on the bridge marched into men on horses with clubs-straight into a swift and certain beating-so that I wouldn't have to. Indeed, I am here today because John Lewis, and countless others, put their lives on the line, and made sacrifices for what they believed in.
And yet, there is more that we must do together.
We must continue to bridge gaps of inequality-in our culture, in our economy, in our discourse, and in our politics. Because the truth is, we see inequality virtually everywhere-in studies and statistics; in schoolhouses and courthouses and jailhouses; and, yes, on the streets of Baltimore and Ferguson and elsewhere.
To me, the challenges of our system are intensely personal. My childhood friends were cousins-boys with talents and passions and potential no different from my own.
As I mentioned, my mother moved my sister and me from Louisiana to Texas. But what happened to my cousins who stayed behind? They found themselves in the same cycle of despair that has caught too many young Black men. By my count, five of them have spent significant time in prison.
It's hard to know why, for some of us, life unfolds in one way-and, for others, completely differently. But, in my case, I think bridges made the difference. People had my back, and institutions kept me moving forward. I had bridges built in Texas, and beyond. I had bridges to hope.
And so, I choose to be hopeful-radically hopeful-because there is hope in the progress we have seen, which affirms that more progress is possible. My story is all the evidence you need: A Black kid from a working-class, rural, Texas town, now president of one of our nation's flagship institutions.
I am proof of what happens when people set aside differences, and build bridges instead. And I've made my life's story into my life's passion-and my life's passion into my life's project: Ensuring that every boy and girl in this country and around the world can cross the same bridges that I did.
This is not a new aspiration. These are not new ideas.
America always has been about people choosing to bind themselves together. Actively choosing.
We are "we, the people." We are e pluribus unum-out of many, one. We are the hope of mothers and fathers of every origin crossing an ocean-or a river. We are the transcontinental railroad and transatlantic flights and the interstate highway system and the Internet. We are Ellis Island and the Edmund Pettus Bridge.
I know each of you has your own bridges to build, and to traverse. The bridge between graduation and getting a job. The bridge between an environment in peril and ecosystems back in balance. The bridge between communities desperate with need and those rich in abundance.
And so, tonight, as you cross the figurative bridge that is your commencement day-as you cross that bridge over the Colorado River and leave the Forty Acres behind; as your journey unfolds before your very eyes-think about how you can build a bridge to a better world.
You know, my office at the Ford Foundation is overflowing with mementos and memories from my unlikely...
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