PART I Common Problems1 Sudden Deterioration in Neurologic Status2 Agitation and Delirium3 Management of Acute Pain in the Intensive Care Unit4 Fever and Hyperthermia5 Very High Systemic Arterial Blood Pressure6 Low Systemic Arterial Blood Pressure7 Tachycardia and Bradycardia8 Arterial Hypoxemia9 Acute Respiratory Failure10 Hyperbaric Oxygen in Critical Care11 Pulmonary Edema12 Pleural Effusion in the Intensive Care Unit13 Polyuria14 Oliguria15 Metabolic Acidosis and Alkalosis16 Hyperkalemia and Hypokalemia17 Hyperphosphatemia and Hypophosphatemia18 Hypomagnesemia19 Hypocalcemia and Hypercalcemia20 Disorders of Glucose Control or Blood Glucose Disorders21 Anemia22 Coagulopathy in the Intensive Care Unit23 Jaundice24 Ascites25 Acute Abdominal Pain26 Ileus in Critical Illness27 Diarrhea28 Chest Pain29 Biochemical or Electrocardiographic Evidence of Acute Myocardial InjuryPART II Common Approaches for Organ Support, Diagnosis, and Monitoring30 Point-of-Care Ultrasound31 Echocardiography32 Cardiovascular Monitoring33 Bedside Monitoring of Pulmonary Function34 Arterial Blood Gas Interpretation35 Tracheal Intubation36 Tracheostomy37 Basic Principles of Mechanical Ventilation38 Basic Principles of Renal Replacement Therapy39 Target Temperature Management in Critically Ill Patients40 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (Venovenous and Venoarterial ECMO)41 Nutritional SupportPART III Central Nervous System42 Advanced Bedside Neuromonitoring43 Coma44 Use of Brain Injury Biomarkers in Critical Care Settings45 Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation46 Management of Acute Ischemic Stroke47 Nontraumatic Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage48 Seizures in the Critically Ill49 Neuromuscular Disorders in the Critically Ill50 Traumatic Brain Injury51 Spinal Cord Injury52 NeuroimagingPART IV Pulmonary53 Core Principles of Respiratory Physiology and Pathophysiology in Critical Illness54 Patient-Ventilator Interaction55 Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation56 Advanced Techniques in Mechanical Ventilation57 Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation58 Adjunctive Respiratory Therapy59 Intensive Care Unit Imaging60 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome61 Drowning62 Aspiration Pneumonitis and Pneumonia63 Severe Asthma Exacerbation in Adults64 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease65 Pulmonary Embolism66 Pneumothorax67 Community-Acquired Pneumonia68 Nosocomial PneumoniaPART V Cardiovascular69 Core Principles of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology in Critical Illness70 Acute Coronary Syndromes: Therapy71 Supraventricular Arrhythmias72 Ventricular Arrhythmias73 Conduction Disturbances and Cardiac Pacemakers74 Myocarditis and Acute Myopathies75 Pericardial Diseases76 Emergency Heart Valve Disorders77 Pulmonary Hypertension and Right Ventricular Failure78 Hypertensive Crisis: Emergency and Urgency79 Pathophysiology and Classification of Shock States80 Resuscitation From Circulatory Shock81 Inotropic Therapy82 Mechanical Support in Cardiogenic ShockPART VI Gastrointestinal83 Portal Hypertension: Critical Care Considerations84 Hepatorenal Syndrome85 Hepatopulmonary Syndrome86 Hepatic Encephalopathy87 Acute Liver Failure88 Calculous and Acalculous Cholecystitis89 Acute Pancreatitis90 Abdominal Sepsis91 Mechanical Bowel Obstruction92 Toxic Megacolon and Ogilvie's Syndrome93 Severe Gastrointestinal BleedingPART VII Renal94 Core Principles of Renal Physiology and Pathophysiology in Critical Illness95 Clinical Assessment of Renal Function96 Biomarkers of Acute Kidney Injury97 Water Metabolism98 Advanced Techniques in Blood Purification99 Fluid and Volume Therapy in the ICU100 Acute Kidney Injury101 Urinary Tract Obstruction102 Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury103 Glomerulonephritis104 Interstitial NephritisPART VIII Infectious Diseases105 Antimicrobial Stewardship106 Prevention and Control of Nosocomial Pneumonia107 Antimicrobial Agents With Primary Activity Against Gram-Negative Bacteria108 Antimicrobial Agents With Primary Activity Against Gram-P
Contributors
Basem B. Abdelmalak, MD, FASA, SAMBA-F, Professor of Anesthesiology, Departments of General Anesthesiology and Outcomes Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
Yasir Abu-Omar, MB ChB, DPhil, FRCS
Clinical Professor of Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine;
Director, Cardiothoracic Transplant and Mechanical Support, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
Felice Achilli, MD, Director, Cardiovascular Department, ASST BRIANZA/SSR LOMBARDIA, Ospedale Pio XI Desio, Monza Brianza, Italy
Sasha D. Adams, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health in Houston, Houston, TX, United States
Hernán Aguirre-Bermeo, MD, PhD, Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Santa Ines, Cuence, Ecuador
Anas A. Ahmed, MBBS, Attending Physician, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Tufts University Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
Salvatore R. Aiello, MS, MD/PhD Candidate, Resuscitation Institute, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, United States
Ayub Akbari, MD, MS
Professor of Medicine, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine;
Staff Physician, Division of Nephrology, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
Louis H. Alarcon, MD, FACS, FCCM, Professor of Surgery and Critical Care Medicine, Vice President, Medical Affairs, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
F. Luke Aldo, DO, Department of Anesthesiology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, United States
Maria Estela Alfaro-Maguyon, MD, Acute Care Surgery Fellow, Department of Surgery, Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
Arpit Amin, MD, Fellow, Abdominal Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
Paolo Angeli, MD, PhD, Professor of Medicine, Unit of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
Filippo Annoni, MD, Resident Physician, Department of Intensive Care, Université libre de Bruxelles, Hôpital Erasme, Bruxelles, Belgium
Massimo Antonelli, MD, Professor of Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Fondazione Policlinico A.Gemelli IRCCS-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
Zarah D. Antongiorgi, MD, Assistant Clinical Professor of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Critical Care, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Anastasia Antoniadou, MD, PhD, Professor of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, University General Hospital ATTIKON, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
Dean J. Arnaoutakis, MD, MBA, Associate Professor of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Director, TGH Aortic Disease Program, Vice Chair of Clinical Research, Dept of Surgery, USF Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
Mark E. Astiz, MD, Chairman, Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY, United States
Élie Azoulay, MD, PhD, Medical Intensive Care Unit, Saint-Louis University Hospital, APHP, ECSTRA team, Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Center of Epidemiology and Biostatistic Sorbonne-Paris Cité, CRESS INSERM, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
Cristian Baeza, MD, Surgical Director, Aortic and Structural Heart Disease, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
Marie R. Baldisseri, MD, MPH, FCCM, Professor of Critical Care Medicine and Neurocritical Care, Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
Zsolt J. Balogh, MD, PhD, FRACS, FACS, Professor of Surgery and Traumatology, Department of Traumatology, John Hunter Hospital and University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
Arna Banerjee, MD, MMHC, Associate Professor of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
Shweta Bansal, MBBS, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
François Barbier, MD, PhD, Medical Intensive Care Unit, La Source Hospital, CHR Orléans, Orléans, France
Igor Barjaktarevic, MD, PhD
Associate Professor, Medical Director, Liver Transplant Intensive Care Unit, UCLA Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles;
Medical Director, COPD Program, Director of Critical Care Ultrasound, UCLA Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
Sarice L. Bassin, MD, Medical Director, Stroke Program, PeaceHealth Southwest Medical Center, Vancouver, WA, United States
Julie A. Bastarache, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine, Cell and Developmental Biology and Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
Brian Baturin, MD, Cardiology Fellow, Department of Medicine, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, United States
Daniel G. Bausch, MD, MPH, TM
Senior Director, Emerging Threats and Global Health Security, FIND, Geneva, Switzerland;
Professor of Tropical Medicine, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
Yanick Beaulieu, MD, FCRPC, Cardiologist-Echocardiographer / Intensivist, Cardiology and Critical Care, Hôpital Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
Thomas Beaver, MD, MPH, Professor of Surgery, Chief, Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
Giuseppe Bello, MD, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Agostino Gemelli University Hospital, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
Rinaldo Bellomo, MD, PhD, FRACP, FCICM, Department of Intensive Care, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Georgiana Bentea, MD, Department of Cardiology, Erasme University Hospital, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
Adriana C. Bermeo-Ovalle, MD, Assistant Professor of Neurological Sciences, Rush Medical College, Acting Vice Chair of Faculty Affairs, Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush Epilepsy Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
Gordon R. Bernard, MD
Assistant Professor Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, Associate Trauma Medical Director, Bellevue Hospital Center;
Medical Director, Kimmel Pavilion 11th Floor, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
Cherisse Berry, MD, FACS, Associate Professor of Surgery, Chief, Division of Acute Care Surgery, Medical Director, Kimmel Pavilion Inpatient Surgery, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
Joost Bierens, MD, PhD, MCPM, Professor, Research Group Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belguim
Walter L. Biffl, MD, Medical Director, Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Scripps Clinic Medical Group, Scripps Memorial Hospital La Jolla, La Jolla, CA, United States
Shailesh Bihari, MD, PhD, FCICM, ICCU, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
Thomas P. Bleck, MD, MCCM, FNCS
Professor of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine;
Professor Emeritus, Departments of Neurological Sciences, Neurosurgery, Anesthesiology, and Medicine, Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, United States
Thomas A. Bledsoe,...
