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Raphael M. Tshimanga, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Guy D. Moukandi N'kaya, Marien Ngouabi University, Republic of the Congo.
Douglas Alsdorf, The Ohio State University, USA.
List of Contributors ix
Preface xvii
1 Congo Basin Research: Building a Foundation for the Future 1Raphael M. Tshimanga, Guy D. Moukandi N'kaya, Alain Laraque, Sharon E. Nicholson, Jean-Marie Kileshye Onema, Raymond Lumbuenamo, and Douglas Alsdorf
Part I Influences on Rainfall
2 Central African Climate: Advances and Gaps 15Wilfried Pokam Mba, Derbetini Appolinaire Vondou, and Pierre Honore Kamsu-Tamo
3 The Rainfall and Convective Regime over Equatorial Africa, with Emphasis on the Congo Basin 25Sharon E. Nicholson
4 Influence of "Slab-Ocean" Parameterization in a Regional Climate Model (RegCM4) over Central Africa 49François Xavier Mengouna, Derbetini Appolinaire Vondou, Armand Joel Komkoua Mbienda, Thierry C. Fotso-Nguemo, Denis Sonkoué, Zéphirin Yepdo-Djomou, and Pascal M. Igri
5 Understanding the Influence of Climate Variability on Surface Water Hydrology in the Congo Basin 63Christopher E. Ndehedehe, Vagner G. Ferreira, Augusto Getirana, and Nathan O. Agutu
6 Hydroclimatic Dynamics of Upstream Ubangi River at Mobaye, Central African Republic: Comparative Study of the Role of Savannah and Equatorial Forest 83Cyriaque-Rufin Nguimalet, Didier Orange, Jean-Pascal Waterendji, and Athanase Yambele
7 Evaluation of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B42 and 3B43 Products Relative to Synoptic Weather Station Observations over Cameroon 97Pascal M. Igri, Roméo Stève Tanessong, Derbetini Appolinaire Vondou, Wilfried Pokam Mba, Taguemfo Kammalac Jores, Samuel Kaïssassou, Guy Merlin Guenang, Armand Joel Komkoua Mbienda, and Zéphirin Yepdo-Djomou
Part II Variations in Rainfall and Runoff
8 A New Look at Hydrology in the Congo Basin, Based on the Study of Multi-Decadal Time Series 123Guy D. Moukandi N'kaya, Alain Laraque, Jean-Emmanuel Paturel, Georges Gulemvuga Guzanga, Gil Mahé, and Raphael M. Tshimanga
9 Historical Changes in Rainfall Patterns over the Congo Basin and Impacts on Runoff (1903-2010) 145Christopher E. Ndehedehe and Nathan O. Agutu
10 Water Budgets and Droughts under Current and Future Conditions in the Congo River Basin 165Venkataramana Sridhar, Hyunwoo Kang, Syed A. Ali, Gode B. Bola, Raphael M. Tshimanga, and Venkataraman Lakshmi
11 Spatiotemporal Variability of Droughts in the Congo River Basin: The Role of Atmospheric Moisture Transport 187Rogert Sorí, Milica Stojanovic, Raquel Nieto, Margarida L. R. Liberato, and Luis Gimeno
Part III Hydrology and Hydraulics
12 Two Decades of Hydrologic Modeling and Predictions in the Congo River Basin: Progress and Prospect for Future Investigations 207Raphael M. Tshimanga
13 Sources and Sinks of Water of the Cuvette Centrale Wetlands Using Multiple Remote Sensing Measurements and a Hydrologic Model 237Ting Yuan, Hyongki Lee, R. Edward Beighley, Hahn Chul Jung, and Raphael M. Tshimanga
14 Investigating the Role of the Cuvette Centrale in the Hydrology of the Congo River Basin 247Pankyes Datok, Clément Fabre, Sabine Sauvage, Guy D. Moukandi N'kaya, Adrien Paris, Vanessa Dos Santos, Alain Laraque, and José-Miguel Sánchez-Pérez
15 Estimation of Bathymetry for Modeling Multi-thread Channel Hydraulics: Application to the Congo River Middle Reach 275Andrew B. Carr, Mark A. Trigg, Raphael M. Tshimanga, Mark W. Smith, Duncan J. Borman, and Paul D. Bates
16 Reviewing Applications of Remote Sensing Techniques to Hydrologic Research in Sub-Saharan Africa, with a Special Focus on the Congo Basin 295Guy J.-P. Schumann, Delwyn K. Moller, Louise Croneborg-Jones, and Konstantinos M. Andreadis
17 Spatial Hydrology and Applications in the Congo River Basin 323Christophe Brachet, Alice Andral, Georges Gulemvuga Guzanga, Blaise-Leandre Tondo, Pierre-Olivier Malaterre, and Sebastien Legrand
18 Monitoring Hydrological Variables from Remote Sensing and Modeling in the Congo River Basin 339Adrien Paris, Stéphane Calmant, Marielle Gosset, Ayan S. Fleischmann, Taina Sampaio Xavier Conchy, Pierre-André Garambois, Jean-Pierre Bricquet, Fabrice Papa, Raphael M. Tshimanga, Georges Gulemvuga Guzanga, Vinícius Alencar Siqueira, Blaise-Leandre Tondo, Rodrigo Paiva, Joecila Santos da Silva, and Alain Laraque
19 Long-Term Hydrological Variations of the Ogooué River Basin 367Sakaros Bogning, Fréderic Frappart, Gil Mahé, Fernando Niño, Adrien Paris, Joëlle Sihon, Franck Ghomsi, Fabien Blarel, Jean-Pierre Bricquet, Raphaël Onguene, Jacques Etame, Frédérique Seyler, Marie-Claire Paiz, and Jean-Jacques Braun
Part IV Sediments and Carbon
20 Fluvial Carbon Dynamics across the Land to Ocean Continuum of Great Tropical Rivers: the Amazon and Congo 393Jeffrey E. Richey, Robert G. M. Spencer, Travis W. Drake, and Nicholas D. Ward
21 Measuring Geomorphological Change on the Congo River Using Century-Old Navigation Charts 413Mark A. Trigg, Andrew B. Carr, Mark W. Smith, and Raphael M. Tshimanga
22 Site Selection, Design, and Implementation of a Sediment Sampling Program on the Kasai River, a Major Tributary of the Congo River 427Catherine A. Mushi, Preksedis M. Ndomba, Raphael M. Tshimanga, Mark A. Trigg, Jeffrey Neal, Gode B. Bola, Pierre Mulamba Kabuya, Andrew B. Carr, Jules T. Beya, Paul D. Bates, and Felix Mtalo
23 New Measurements of Water Dynamics and Sediment Transport along the Middle Reach of the Congo River and the Kasai Tributary 447Raphael M. Tshimanga, Mark A. Trigg, Jeffrey Neal, Preksedis M. Ndomba, Denis A. Hughes, Andrew B. Carr, Pierre Mulamba Kabuya, Gode B. Bola, Catherine A. Mushi, Jules T. Beya, Felly K. Ngandu, Gabriel M. Mokango, Felix Mtalo, and Paul D. Bates
Part V Water Resources
24 Towards a Framework of Catchment Classification for Hydrologic Predictions and Water Resources Management in the Ungauged Basin of the Congo River: An a priori Approach 471Raphael M. Tshimanga, Gode B. Bola, Pierre Mulamba Kabuya, Landry Nkaba, Jeffrey Neal, Laurence Hawker, Mark A. Trigg, Paul D. Bates, Denis A. Hughes, Alain Laraque, Ross Woods, and Thorsten Wagener
25 The Environmental Issues of the Ubangui Water Transfer Project to Lake Chad 449Chanel Nzango, Pascal Bartout, Laurent Touchart, and Cyriaque-Rufin Nguimalet
26 Variability Of Lake Chad: What Hydraulic Management Will Preserve Natural Resources? 513Hadiza Kiari Fougou and Jacques Lemoalle
27 Multi-Return Periods, Flood Hazards, and Risk Assessment in the Congo River Basin 519Gode B. Bola, Raphael M. Tshimanga, Jeffrey Neal, Laurence Hawker, Mark A. Trigg, Lukanda Mwamba, and Paul D. Bates
28 Putting River Users at the Heart of Hydraulics and Morphology Research in the Congo Basin 541Mark A. Trigg, Raphael M. Tshimanga, Preksedis M. Ndomba, Felix Mtalo, Denis A. Hughes, Catherine A. Mushi, Gode B. Bola, Pierre Mulamba Kabuya, Andrew B. Carr, Mark Bernhofen, Jeffrey Neal, Jules T. Beya, Felly K. Ngandu, and Paul D. Bates
Index 555
Nathan O. Agutu School of Civil, Environment, and Geospatial Engineering Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Juja, Kenya
Syed A. Ali Department of Biological Systems Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
Douglas Alsdorf Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center School of Earth Sciences Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio, USA
Alice Andral Toulouse Space Centre National Centre for Space StudiesToulouse, France
Konstantinos M. Andreadis Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
Pascal Bartout CEDETE Laboratory (Center for Development Studies and the Environment) University of Orléans Orléans, France
Paul D. Bates School of Geographical Sciences University of Bristol Bristol, UK
R. Edward Beighley Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Northeastern University Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Mark Bernhofen School of Civil Engineering University of Leeds Leeds, UK
Jules T. Beya Congo Basin Water Resources Research Center (CRREBaC) Department of Natural Resources Management University of Kinshasa Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Fabien Blarel Joint Research Unit "Laboratory of Geophysical and Spatial Oceanography Studies" (UMR LEGOS) CNES, CNRS, IRD, UT3 Midi-Pyrénées Observatory Toulouse, France
Sakaros Bogning Laboratory of Technology and Applied Science University Institute of Technology University of Douala Douala, Cameroon; and Joint Research Unit "Laboratory of Geophysical and Spatial Oceanography Studies" (UMR LEGOS) CNES, CNRS, IRD, UT3 Midi-Pyrénées Observatory Toulouse, France; and International Joint Laboratory "Dynamics of the forested continental ecosystems of Central Africa in the context of global changes" IRD, IRGM, University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé, Cameroon
Gode B. Bola Congo Basin Water Resources Research Center (CRREBaC) Department of Natural Resources ManagementUniversity of Kinshasa Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Duncan J. Borman School of Civil Engineering University of Leeds Leeds, UK
Christophe Brachet International Office for Water Paris, France
Jean-Jacques Braun Joint Research Unit "Geosciences Environment Toulouse" (UMR GET) CNRS, IRD, UT3, CNAP, CNES Midi-Pyrénées Observatory Toulouse, France; and International Joint Laboratory "Dynamics of the forested continental ecosystems of Central Africa in the context of global changes" IRD, IRGM, University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé, Cameroon
Jean-Pierre Bricquet Joint Research Unit "Hydro Sciences Montpellier" (UMR HSM) CNRS, University of Montpellier, IRD Montpellier, France
Stéphane Calmant Joint Research Unit "Laboratory of Geophysical and Spatial Oceanography Studies" (UMR LEGOS) CNES, CNRS, IRD, UT3 Midi-Pyrénées Observatory Toulouse, France
Andrew B. Carr School of Civil Engineering University of Leeds Leeds, UK
Taina Sampaio Xavier Conchy National Institute of Amazonian Research Amazonas State University Manaus, Brazil
Louise Croneborg-Jones Water in Sight AB Stockholm, Sweden; and Sweco Stockholm, Sweden
Pankyes Datok Joint Research Unit "Laboratory for Functional Ecology and Environment" (UMR ECOLAB) CNRS, UT3, INPT Midi-Pyrénées Observatory Toulouse, France
Vanessa Dos Santos Joint Research Unit "Laboratory for Functional Ecology and Environment" (UMR ECOLAB) CNRS, UT3, INPT Midi-Pyrénées Observatory Toulouse, France
Travis W. Drake Department of Environmental Systems Science ETH Zürich Zürich, Switzerland
Jacques Etame Laboratory of Technology and Applied Science University Institute of Technology University of Douala Douala, Cameroon
Clément Fabre Joint Research Unit "Laboratory for Functional Ecology and Environment" (UMR ECOLAB) CNRS, UT3, INPT Midi-Pyrénées Observatory Toulouse, France
Vagner G. Ferreira School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Hohai University Nanjing, China
Ayan S. Fleischmann Institute of Hydraulic Research Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil
Thierry C. Fotso-Nguemo Laboratory for Environmental Modeling and Atmospheric Physics Department of Physics University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé, Cameroon; and Section of Earth System Physics The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste, Italy; and Climate Change Research Laboratory National Institute of Cartography Yaoundé, Cameroon
Fréderic Frappart Joint Research Unit "Laboratory of Geophysical and Spatial Oceanography Studies" (UMR LEGOS) CNES, CNRS, IRD, UT3 Midi-Pyrénées Observatory Toulouse, France
Pierre-André Garambois Joint Research Unit "Risks, ECO-systems, Vulnerability, Environment, Resilience" (UMR-RECOVER) INRAE, Aix-Marseille University Aix-en-Provence, France
Augusto Getirana Hydrological Sciences Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland, USA; and Science Applications International Corporation Reston, Virginia, USA
Franck Ghomsi Department of PhysicsBranch for Geophysical and Volcanological Research Institute for Geological and Mining Research Buea, Cameroon
Luis Gimeno Environmental Physics Laboratory Marine Research Center University of Vigo Ourense, Spain
Marielle Gosset Joint Research Unit "Geosciences Environment Toulouse" (UMR GET) CNRS, IRD, UT3, CNAP, CNES Midi-Pyrénées Observatory Toulouse, France
Guy Merlin Guenang Laboratory for Environmental Modeling and Atmospheric Physics Department of PhysicsUniversity of Yaoundé I Yaoundé, Cameroon; and Laboratory for Mechanics and Modeling of Physical Systems Department of Physics University of Dschang Dschang, Cameroon
Georges Gulemvuga Guzanga International Commission for the Congo-Oubangui-Sangha Basin Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Laurence Hawker School of Geographical Sciences University of Bristol Bristol, UK
Denis A. Hughes Institute for Water Research Rhodes University Grahamstown, South Africa
Pascal M. Igri Laboratory for Environmental Modeling and Atmospheric Physics Department of Physics University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé, Cameroon; and Climate Application and Prediction Center for Central Africa ECCAS Regional Climate Centre Douala, Cameroon; and Agency for Aerial Navigation Safety in Africa and Madagascar Dakar, Senegal
Hahn Chul Jung Korea Ocean Satellite Center Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology Busan, South Korea
Samuel Kaïssassou Laboratory for Environmental Modeling and Atmospheric Physics Department of Physics University of Yaoundé I Yaounde, Cameroon; and Department of Electrical and Telecommunication Engineering National Advanced School of Engineering University of Yaoundé l Yaoundé, Cameroon
Taguemfo Kammalac Jores Laboratory for Environmental Modeling and Atmospheric Physics Department of Physics University of Yaoundé l Yaoundé, Cameroon
Pierre Honore Kamsu-Tamo Climate Prediction Center NOAA Center for Weather and Climate Prediction College Park, Maryland, USA
Hyunwoo Kang Department of Biological Systems Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
Hadiza Kiari Fougou Higher Institute of Environment and Ecology University of Diffa Diffa, Niger
Jean-Marie Kileshye Onema WaterNet Harare, Zimbabwe; and Faculty of Engineering University of Lubumbashi Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Armand Joel Komkoua Mbienda Laboratory for Environmental Modeling and Atmospheric Physics Department of Physics University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé, Cameroon; and Laboratory for Mechanics and Modeling of Physical Systems Department of Physics University of Dschang Dschang, Cameroon; and Section of Earth System Physics The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Trieste, Italy
Venkataraman Lakshmi Department of Engineering Systems and Environment University of...
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