Graphene Materials

Name: Graphene Materials | Fundamentals and Emerging Applications
Brand: Wiley-Scrivener
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Fundamentals and Emerging Applications

Tiwari Mikael Syväjärvi(Autor*in)

Wiley-Scrivener (Verlag)

Erschienen am 20. April 2015

424 Seiten

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978-1-119-13182-3 (ISBN)

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Inhalt

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
Foreword
Part 1: Fundamentals of Graphene and Graphene-Based Nanocomposites
1 Graphene and Related Two-Dimensional Materials
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Preparation of Graphene Oxide by Modified Hummer's Method
1.3 Dispersion of Graphene Oxide in Organic Solvents
1.4 Paper-like Graphene Oxide
1.5 Thin Films of Graphene Oxide and Graphene
1.6 Nanocomposites of Graphene Oxide
1.7 Graphene-Based Materials
1.8 Graphene-like 2D Materials
1.8.1 Tungsten Sulfide
1.8.1.1 Different Methods for WS2 Preparation
1.8.1.2 Properties of WS2
1.8.1.3 WS2 and Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites
1.8.2 Molybdenum Sulfide
1.8.3 Tin Sulfide
1.8.4 Tin Selenide
1.8.5 Manganese Dioxide
1.8.6 Nickel Oxide
1.8.7 Boron Nitride
1.9 Conclusion
References
2 Surface Functionalization of Graphene
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Noncovalent Functionalization of Graphene
2.3 Covalent Functionalization of Graphene
2.3.1 Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction
2.3.2 Electrophilic Substitution Reaction
2.3.3 Condensation Reaction
2.3.4 Addition Reaction
2.4 Graphene-Nanoparticles
2.4.1 Metals NPs: Au, Pd, Pt, Ag
2.4.2 Metal oxide NPs: ZnO, SnO2, TiO2, SiO2, RuO2, Mn3O4, Co3O4, and Fe3O4
2.4.3 Semiconducting NPs: CdSe, CdS, ZnS, CdTe and Graphene QD
2.5 Conclusion
References
3 Architecture and Applications of Functional Th ree-dimensional Graphene Networks
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Synthesis of 3D Porous Graphene-Based Materials
3.1.1.1 Self-assembly Approach
3.1.1.2 Template-assisted Synthesis
3.1.1.3 Direct Deposition
3.1.1.4 Covalent Linkage
3.1.2 Overview of 3DG Structures
3.1.2.1 3DG Framework
3.1.2.2 3DG Sphere or Ball
3.1.2.3 3DG Film
3.1.2.4 3DG Fibre
3.2 Applications
3.2.1 Supercapacitor
3.2.1.1 Battery
3.2.2 Fuel Cells
3.2.3 Sensors
3.2.4 Other Applications
3.3 Summary, Conclusion, Outlook
Abbreviations
References
4 Covalent Graphene-Polymer Nanocomposites
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Properties of Graphene for Polymer Reinforcement
4.3 Graphene and Graphene-like Materials
4.4 Methods of Production
4.5 Chemistry of Graphene
4.6 Conventional Graphene Based Polymer Nanocomposites
4.7 Covalent Graphene-polymer Nanocomposites
4.8 Grafting-From Approaches
4.8.1 Living Radical Polymerizations
4.8.2 Other Approaches
4.9 Grafting-to Approaches
4.9.1 Graphene Oxide-based Chemistry
4.9.2 Crosslinking Reactions
4.9.3 Click Chemistry
4.9.4 Other Graft ing-to Approaches
4.10 Conclusions
References
Part 2: Emerging Applications of Graphene in Energy, Health, Environment and Sensors
5 Magnesium Matrix Composites Reinforced with Graphene Nanoplatelets
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Magnesium
5.1.2 Metal Matrix Composites
5.1.3 Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs)
5.2 Effect of Graphene Nanoplatelets on Mechanical Properties of Pure Magnesium
5.2.1 Introduction
5.2.2 Synthesis
5.2.3 Microstructural Characterization
5.2.4 Crystallographic Texture Measurements
5.2.5 Mechanical Characterization
5.2.6 Conclusions
5.3 Synergetic Effect of Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs) and Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube (MW-CNTs) on Mechanical Properties of Pure Magnesium
5.3.1 Introduction
5.3.2 Synthesis
5.3.3 Microstructure Characterization
5.3.3.1 Raw Materials
5.3.3.2 Microstructure of Composites
5.3.4 Mechanical Characterization
5.3.5 Conclusions
5.4 Effect of Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs) Addition on Strength and Ductility of Magnesium-Titanium Alloys
5.4.1 Introduction
5.4.2 Synthesis
5.4.2.1 Primary Processing
5.4.2.2 Secondary Processing
5.4.3 Microstructure Characterization
5.4.4 Mechanical Characterization
5.4.5 Conclusions
5.5 Effect of Graphene Nanoplatelets on Tensile Properties of Mg-1%Al-1%Sn Alloy
5.5.1 Introduction
5.5.2 Synthesis
5.5.3 Microstructure Characterization
5.5.4 Mechanical Characterization
5.5.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
6 Graphene and Its Derivatives for Energy Storage
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Graphene in Lithium Batteries
6.2.1 Lithium Ion Batteries
6.2.2 Lithium-Oxygen Batteries
6.2.3 Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
6.3 Graphene in Supercapacitors
6.4 Summary
References
7 Graphene-Polypyrrole Nanocomposite: An Ideal Electroactive Material for High Performance Supercapacitors
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Renewable Energy Sources
7.3 Importance of Energy Storage
7.4 Supercapacitors
7.5 Principle and Operation of Supercapacitiors
7.6 Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors
7.7 Graphene-based Supercapacitors and Th eir Limitations
7.8 Graphene-Polymer-Composite-based Supercapacitors
7.9 Graphene-Polypyrrole Nanocomposite-based Supercapacitiors
7.10 Fabrication of Graphene-Polypyrrole Nanocomposite for Supercapacitiors
7.11 Performance of Graphene-Polypyrrole Nanocomposite-based Supercapacitors
7.12 Summary and Outlooks
References
8 Hydrophobic ZnO Anchored Graphene Nanocomposite Based Bulk Hetro-junction Solar Cells to Improve Short Circuit Current Density
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Economic Expectations of OPV
8.3 Device Architecture
8.3.1 Bulk-heterojunction Structure
8.4 Operational Principles
8.4.1 Series and Shunt Resistance
8.4.2 Standard Test Conditions
8.5 Experimental procedure for synthesis of hydrophobic nanomaterials
8.5.1 Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
8.5.2 ZnO Nanoparticle Decorated Graphene (Z@G) Nanocomposite
8.6 Characterization of Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles and ZnO Decorated Graphene (Z@G) Nanocomposite
8.6.1 Structural Analysis
8.6.2 Morphological Analysis
8.6.3 Optical Analysis
8.6.3.1 UV-Vis Absorption Spectroscopy
8.6.3.2 Photoluminescence Spectroscopy
8.6.4 FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) Spectroscopy
8.6.5 Raman Spectroscopy
8.6.6 Hydrophobicity Measurement
8.7 Hybrid Solar Cell Fabrication and Characterization
8.7.1 Device Fabrication
8.7.2 J-V (Current density-Voltage) Characteristics
8.8. Conclusion
Acknowledgement
References
9 Three-dimensional Graphene Bimetallic Nanocatalysts Foam for Energy Storage and Biosensing
9.1 Background and Introduction
9.1.1 Biosensors
9.1.2 Fuel Cells
9.1.3 Bimetallic Nanocatalysts
9.1.4 Carbon Supported Materials
9.1.5 Rotating Disk Electrode
9.1.6 Cyclic Voltammetry and Chronoamperometric Techniques
9.1.7 Methods of Estimating Limit of Detection (LOD)
9.1.8 CO Stripping for the Estimation of the Catalyst Surface Area
9.1.9 Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) Measurement
9.1.10 Motivations of the Study
9.2 Preparation and Characterization of Th ree Dimensional Graphene Foam Supported Platinum-Ruthenium Bimetallic Nanocatalysts for Hydrogen Peroxide Based Electrochemical Biosensors
9.2.1 Introduction
9.2.2 Experimental
9.2.2.1 Materials
9.2.2.2 Growth of the 3D Graphene Foam
9.2.2.3 Synthesis and Modifi cation of PtRu Nanoparticle Catalyst
9.2.2.4 Characterization of PtRu Nanocatalysts with Different Carbon Supported Materials
9.2.2.5 Electrochemical measurements
9.2.3 Results and Discussion
9.2.3.1 Physicochemical Characterization of PtRu Nanocatalysts with Different Carbon Supported Materials
9.2.3.2 Electrochemical Characterization and Performance
9.2.3.3 Electrochemical Active Surface Area Measurement
9.2.3.4 Amperometric Measurement of H2O2
9.2.3.5 Interference Tests
9.2.3.6 Stability and Durability of the PtRu/3D GF Nanocatalyst
9.2.4 Conclusion for H2O2 Detection in Biosensing
9.3 Th ree dimensional graphene Foam Supported Platinum- Ruthenium Bimetallic Nanocatalysts for Direct Methanol and Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell Applications
9.3.1 Introduction
9.3.2 Experimental
9.3.2.1 Materials
9.3.2.2 Growth of the 3D Graphene Foam
9.3.2.3 Synthesis and Modifi cation of PtRu Nanoparticle Catalyst
9.3.2.4 Characterization of PtRu Nanocatalysts
9.3.2.5 Electrochemical Measurements
9.3.3 Results and Discussion
9.3.3.1 Physicochemical Characterization of PtRu Nanocatalysts with Diff erent Carbon Supported Materials
9.3.3.2 Surface Area Measurements
9.3.3.3 Methanol and Ethanol Oxidation Measurements
9.3.4 Conclusion for Methanol and Ethanol Oxidation Reactions in Energy Storage
9.4 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
10 Electrochemical Sensing and Biosensing Platforms Using Graphene and Graphene-based Nanocomposites
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Fabrication of Graphene and Its Derivatives
10.2.1 Exfoliation
10.2.2 Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD)
10.2.3 Miscellaneous Techniques
10.3 Properties of Graphene and Its Derivatives
10.4 Electrochemistry of Graphene
10.5 Graphene and Graphene-Based Nanocomposites as Electrode Materials
10.6 Electrochemical Sensing/Biosensing
10.6.1 Glucose
10.6.2 DNA/Proteins/Cells
10.6.3 Other Small Electroactive Analytes
10.7 Challenges and Future Trends
References
11 Applications of Graphene Electrodes in Health and Environmental Monitoring
11.1 Biosensors Based on Nanostructured Materials
11.2 Graphene Nanomaterials Used in Electrochemical (bio) Sensors Fabrication
11.3 Miniaturized Graphene Nanostructured Biosensors for Health Monitoring
11.3.1 Graphene in Bio-fi eld-eff ect Transistors
11.3.2 Graphene Impedimetric Biosensors
11.3.3 Graphene in Electrochemical Biosensors
11.3.3.1 Enzymatic Biosensors
11.3.3.2 Immunosensors
11.3.3.3 DNA Sensors
11.4 Miniaturized Graphene Nanostructured Biosensors for Environmental Monitoring
11.4.1 Detection of Toxic Gases in Air
11.4.2 Detection of Heavy Metal Ions
11.4.3 Detection of Organic Pollutants
11.5 Conclusions and Future Prospects
Acknowledgements
References
Index
EULA

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