Cardioembolic Stroke, An Issue of Cardiology Clinics

Name: Cardioembolic Stroke, An Issue of Cardiology Clinics
Brand: Elsevier
Price: 66.99 EUR
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Ranjan K. Thakur Ziyad M. Hijazi Andrea Natale(Autor*in)

Elsevier (Verlag)

1. Auflage

Erschienen am 10. Juni 2016

100 Seiten

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Front Cover
Cardioembolic Stroke
Copyright
Contributors
EDITORIAL BOARD
EDITORS
AUTHORS
Contents
Preface: Cardioembolic Stroke
Cardioembolic Stroke and Postmyocardial Infarction Stroke
Embolic Stroke in Cardiomyopathy: Should Patients be Anticoagulated?
Atrial Septal Defects and Cardioembolic Strokes
Patent Foramen Ovale: Stroke and Device Closure
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations and Risk of Stroke
Congenital Malformations Leading to Paradoxical Embolism
The Epidemiology of Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke
Radiological Portrait of Embolic Strokes
Atrial Fibrillation and Cognitive Decline: Phenomenon or Epiphenomenon?
Cardiac Monitoring for Atrial Fibrillation in Cryptogenic Stroke
Device-Detected Atrial Fibrillation-Perils and Pitfalls: An Update
Atrial Fibrillation Ablation and Stroke
Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Making Sense of Recent Observations on Anticoagulation
Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Stroke Prevention: Devices, Techniques, and Efficacy
CARDIOLOGY CLINICS
FORTHCOMING ISSUES
August 2016
November 2016
February 2017
RECENT ISSUES
February 2016
November 2015
August 2015
Preface: Cardioembolic Stroke
Cardioembolic Stroke and Postmyocardial Infarction Stroke
Key points
INTRODUCTION
NONCARDIOEMBOLIC STROKES FOLLOWING ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
CARDIOEMBOLIC STROKES FOLLOWING MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Left Ventricular Thrombus Formation
Atrial Fibrillation
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Embolic Stroke in Cardiomyopathy
Key points
INTRODUCTION
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF STROKE IN HEART FAILURE
PATHOGENESIS OF STROKE IN HEART FAILURE
ANTICOAGULATION IN PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE IN SINUS RHYTHM
ANTICOAGULATION IN PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
NOVEL ORAL ANTICOAGULATION IN HEART FAILURE
GUIDELINES FOR ANTICOAGULATION IN HEART FAILURE
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Atrial Septal Defects and Cardioembolic Strokes
Key points
BACKGROUND AND PRESENTATION
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF STROKE IN ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS
CAUSES OF STROKE
MANAGEMENT
Closure
Medical Management
REFERENCES
Patent Foramen Ovale
Key points
INTRODUCTION
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PATENT FORAMEN OVALE AND CRYPTOGENIC STROKE
PATENT FORAMEN OVALE AND RECURRENT STROKE
MANAGEMENT OPTIONS FOR PATENT FORAMEN OVALE IN STROKE
Medical Therapy
Surgical Therapy
Percutaneous Therapy
Randomized Trials Evidence
First trial
Second trial
Third Trial
Limitations of the Randomized Trials
Management Approach for Cryptogenic Stroke and Patent Foramen Ovale
Ongoing Studies
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations and Risk of Stroke
Key points
INTRODUCTION
CLINICAL FINDINGS AND DIAGNOSIS
THERAPEUTIC CONSIDERATIONS
TRANSCATHETER THERAPY
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Congenital Malformations Leading to Paradoxical Embolism
Key points
INTRODUCTION
ISOLATED SYSTEMIC VENOUS ABNORMALITIES AND PARADOXICAL EMBOLI
Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava
Right Superior Vena Cava Draining to the Left Atrium
Inferior Vena Cava "Draining to the Left Atrium"
Ductus Venosus
UNIVENTRICULAR HEARTS AND PARADOXICAL EMBOLI
BIVENTRICULAR HEARTS AND PARADOXICAL EMBOLI
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
The Epidemiology of Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke
Key points
INTRODUCTION
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF STROKE
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ISCHEMIC STROKE SUBTYPES AND LINK WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
REFERENCES
Radiological Portrait of Embolic Strokes
Key points
INTRODUCTION
CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF EMBOLIC STROKES
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE STROKE
IMAGING MODALITIES IN ACUTE STROKE
IMAGING APPEARANCE OF CARDIOEMBOLIC STROKE
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Atrial Fibrillation and Cognitive Decline
Key points
INTRODUCTION
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
Hypercoagulable States and Brain Infarcts
Proinflammatory State
Changes in Brain Perfusion
Brain Morphometric Changes
DISCUSSION/SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Cardiac Monitoring for Atrial Fibrillation in Cryptogenic Stroke
Key points
BACKGROUND
OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES OF EXTERNAL MONITORS: INPATIENT MONITORING
OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES OF EXTERNAL MONITORS: HOLTER MONITORING
OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES OF EXTERNAL MONITORS: OUTPATIENT EVENT MONITORING
OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES OF EXTERNAL MONITORS: OUTPATIENT MOBILE CARDIAC TELEMETRY MONITORING
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS COMPARING EXTERNAL MONITORING STRATEGIES
OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES OF INSERTABLE CARDIAC MONITORS
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS OF INSERTABLE CARDIAC MONITORS VERSUS EXTERNAL MONITORS
META-ANALYSES OF MONITORING TECHNIQUES
COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF MONITORING
FUTURE IMPLICATIONS
REFERENCES
Device-Detected Atrial Fibrillation-Perils and Pitfalls
Key points
INTRODUCTION
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AS A RISK FACTOR FOR STROKE
ATRIAL HIGH-RATE EVENTS AND ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
ATRIAL HIGH-RATE EVENTS AND THROMBOEMBOLISM
UNANSWERED QUESTIONS
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Atrial Fibrillation Ablation and Stroke
Key points
INTRODUCTION
CEREBROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS OF CATHETER ABLATION
Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack
Silent Cerebral Ischemia
Mechanisms of Silent Cerebral Ischemia
PERIPROCEDURAL ANTICOAGULATION
OTHER FACTORS HAVING AN IMPACT ON THE RISK OF PERIPROCEDURAL EMBOLIC EVENTS
Patient Characteristics
Ablation Energy Source
Sheaths and Catheters
Ablation Protocol and Periprocedural Cardioversion
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke
Key points
INTRODUCTION
A BRIEF OVERVIEW OF CURRENT CLINICAL GUIDELINES
MAKING SENSE OF RECENT OBSERVATIONS ON AN ORAL ANTICOAGULANT FOR STROKE PREVENTION
Gender
Ethnicity
Age
Chronic Kidney Disease
Coronary and Peripheral Vascular Disease
Perioperative Management
FROM TRIALS TO REAL-WORLD CLINICAL PRACTICE
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Stroke Prevention
Key points
INTRODUCTION
LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Variation in Left Atrial Appendage Anatomy
FUNCTION
Contractility
Fluid Hemostasis
LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE EXCLUSION: SURGICAL APPROACH
Endocardial Suture Closure
Stapler Occlusion
Epicardial Clip Closure
Procedure
Efficacy
PERCUTANEOUS APPROACH
Basic Concept of Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure Procedure
Preprocedural Imaging
Transseptal Access
WATCHMAN (BOSTON SCIENTIFIC, NATICK, MA, USA)
Device
Data
Anticoagulation
Procedure
Preprocedural imaging and transseptal puncture as previously described
Implantation of the WATCHMAN device
Device release
Complications
Pericardial effusion
Air embolism
Thrombus formation during device implantation
Early device embolization
Late device embolization
Leak
AMPLATZER CARDIAC PLUG (ST. JUDE MEDICAL, ST. PAUL, MN, USA)
Amulet (St. Jude Medical)
Preprocedural imaging
Size selection
Amplatzer cardiac plug sizing
Procedural technique
Access sheath advancement
Device deployment and release
Data
Complications
Device embolization
Perforation
PERCUTANEOUS LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE TRANSCATHETER OCCLUSION (APPRIVA MEDICAL INC, SUNNYVALE, CA, USA)
Device
Data
WAVECREST OCCLUDER DEVICE (COHEREX MEDICAL INC, SALT LAKE CITY, UT, USA)
Device
Technique
Data
THE TRANSCATHETER PATCH (CUSTOM MEDICAL DEVICES, ATHENS, GREECE)
Technique
Data
OTHER DEVICES NOT YET TESTED IN HUMAN
HYBRID EPICARDIAL-ENDOCARDIAL APPROACH
LARIAT (SentreHeart, Redwood City, CA, USA)
Patient selection
Role of imaging
Computed tomographic scan
Transesophageal echocardiogram
Other exclusion criteria
LARIAT device
Technique
Pericardial access and transseptal access
Connection of the epicardial-endocardial magnet-tipped guidewire
Snare capture of the left atrial appendage with closure confirmation and release of the pre-tied suture for left atrial app ...
Pericardial drain placement
When to Consider the LARIAT Procedure
Complications
Thrombus on left atrial appendage orifice
Leaks
Pericarditis
Pericardial effusion/Tamponade
Technical approach to avoid complications
Data
Postprocedure imaging
EPICARDIAL APPROACH
The Aegis System
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Index

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