Subsea Optics and Imaging

Contributor contact details Woodhead Publishing Series in Electronic and Optical Materials Preface Part I: Introduction and historic review of subsea optics and imaging Chapter 1: Subsea optics: an introduction Abstract: 1.1 Light within aquatic media 1.2 Fundamentals of marine optics 1.3 Optical properties of natural waters 1.4 Optical classification of water bodies 1.5 Conclusion and future trends 1.6 Sources of further information and advice Chapter 2: Subsea imaging and vision: an introduction Abstract: 2.1 Introduction 2.2 A 'potted' and selective history of underwater imaging and vision 2.3 Subsea optical imaging 2.4 Extended range imaging systems 2.5 Plankton imaging and profiling systems 2.6 Hybrid systems 2.7 Future trends 2.8 Sources of further information and advice Chapter 3: The history of subsea optics Abstract: 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Exploring the arcane colouring of natural waters 3.3 Blue reflecting and green transmitting water 3.4 The principles of Capri's Blue Grotto 3.5 Historical pieces of laboratory equipment 3.6 Historical pieces of field equipment 3.7 Ocean colour comparator scales 3.8 Conclusion 3.9 Remarkable notes and thoughts Part II: Biogeochemical optics in the environment Chapter 4: Measurement of hyperspectral underwater light fields Abstract: 4.1 Hyperspectral versus multispectral radiometry 4.2 Radiometry fundamentals 4.3 Sensor design and collector geometry 4.4 Spectral resolution, noise levels and temporal response 4.5 Radiometer calibration and deployment 4.6 Hyperspectral characteristics of natural waters 4.7 Significance of transpectral processes 4.8 Conclusion and future trends Chapter 5: Colored dissolved organic matter in seawater Abstract: 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Optical properties of CDOM 5.3 Measurement of CDOM 5.4 Applications of CDOM measurement in the ocean 5.5 Future trends 5.6 Sources of further information and advice Chapter 6: Optical assessment of nutrients in seawater Abstract: 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Direct optical measurement 6.3 Indirect optical measurement 6.4 Conclusion and future trends Chapter 7: Bioluminescence in the sea Abstract: 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Measurement of bioluminescence in the ocean 7.3 Propagation of bioluminescence in and out of the ocean 7.4 Future trends 7.5 Acknowledgements Chapter 8: Optical assessment of harmful algal blooms (HABs) Abstract: 8.1 Introduction: addressing the diversity of harmful algal blooms 8.2 Algal features for bio-optical assessment 8.3 Scale and resolution in surveillance of algal blooms 8.4 Emerging advancement in bio-optical sensor technologies 8.5 Transfer to operational oceanography Chapter 9: Optical techniques in studying suspended sediments, turbulence and mixing in marine environments Abstract: 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Particles in seawater: their mass, density and settling speed 9.3 Particle size distributions 9.4 Particles and turbulence 9.5 Light scattering by particles 9.6 Light absorption by particles 9.7 Direct and remote sensing 9.8 Future trends Part III: Subsea optical systems and imaging Chapter 10: Geometric optics and strategies for subsea imaging Abstract: 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Fundamentals of optics 10.3 Imaging optics 10.4 Aberrations and resolving power 10.5 Sensor 10.6 Illumination 10.7 Data and communication 10.8 Limitations 10.9 Acknowledgement 10.11 Appendix: Legend to the symbols Chapter 11: Underwater imaging: photographic, digital and video techniques Abstract: 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Conventional imaging 11.3 Illumination 11.4 Future trends Chapter 12: Subsea holography and submersible âEUR~holocamerasâEUR(TM) Abstract: 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Concepts of holography 12.3 Electronic recording and replay (digital holography) 12.4 Aberrations and resolution in underwater holography 12.5 Holographic cameras 12.6 Future trends 12.7 Conclusion 12.8 Sources of further information and advice 12.9 Acknowledgements Chapter 13: Subsea laser scanning and imaging systems Abstract: 13.1 Introduction 13.