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Gary S. Stein, PhD, is the Director of the University of Vermont Cancer Center and the Perelman Professor and Chair of the Department of Biochemistry at the University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine. He is a Professor of Surgery and the Co-Director of the Northern New England Clinical and Translational Research Network.
Kimberly P. Luebbers, MSHS, RN, BSN, OCN, is the Assistant Dean for Clinical Research Administration overseeing the Office of Clinical Trials Research and administration of the Clinical Research Center, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine.
List of Contributors ix
Preface xv
Part I: Cancer and the Cancer Experience 1
1 Cancer and the Cancer Experience 3Gary S. Stein and Kimberly P. Luebbers
Part II: Current Understanding of Cancer Biology 13
2 Cancer Biology and Pathology 15G. Premveer Reddy, Lekkala V. Reddy, and Sahn-Ho Kim
3 Causes of Cancer: Genetic, Epigenetic, Viral, Microenvironmental, and Environmental Contributions to Cancer 53Michaela Reagan
Part III: A Cancer Diagnosis 75
4 Early Warning Signs 77Solomon A. Graf and F. Marc Stewart
5 Importance of Imaging for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer 89Kristin DeStigter, Sally Herschorn, Anant Bhave, Benjamin Lange, and Sean Reynolds
6 Cancer Biomarkers 107Robert H. Getzenberg
7 Molecular Diagnosis 123Mark F. Evans
Part IV: Navigating the Cancer Experience 145
8 Navigating the Cancer Experience 147David C. Nalepinski
Part V: Clinical Dimensions to Cancer 167
9 Classification of Tumors, Their Frequency and Progression 169Richard C. Zieren, Liang Dong, Sarah R. Amend, and Kenneth J. Pienta
10 Cancer Epidemiology: Identifying Cancer Risk 213Bernard F. Cole, Brian L. Sprague, Thomas P. Ahern, and Judy R. Rees
Part VI: Tumor Types 227
11 Breast Cancer: Unique Characteristics as Targets for Therapy 229Ogheneruona Apoe, Ted James, Gabriella Szalayova, Amrita Pandit, and Marie E. Wood
12 Prostate Cancer 245David W. Sobel and Mark K. Plante
13 Gastrointestinal Cancer 259Kristina Guyton, Baddr Shakhsheer, and Neil Hyman
14 Lung Cancer 271Farrah B. Khan, C. Matthew Kinsey, and Garth Garrison
15 Pediatric Oncology 285Jessica L. Heath
16 Leukemia, Lymphoma, and Myeloma 299Alan Rosmarin
17 GU Oncology: Kidney, Urothelial, and Penile Cancer 317Scott Perrapato
18 Liver Cancer: Hepatocellular Carcinoma 327Jennifer LaFemina, Bradley Switzer, and Giles F. Whalen
19 GYN Oncology: Unique Characteristic Targets for Therapy in Gynecologic Cancers 345Celeste Straight, Leslie Bradford, and Susan Zweizig
20 Testicular Cancer 365Christopher B. Allard and Michael L. Blute
21 Head and Neck Cancer 379Kumar G. Prasad, Marion Couch, and Michael Moore
22 Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors 395Lawrence Recht
23 Thyroid Cancer 415Frances E. Carr
Part VII: Treatment Options 445
24 Radiation Therapy 447Thomas J. FitzGerald, Maryann Bishop-Jodoin, Fran Laurie, Christopher Riberdy, Jesse N. Aronowitz, Elizabeth Bannon, Bruce A. Bornstein, Carla D. Bradford, Harry Bushe, Maria G. Cicchetti, Linda Ding, Jonathan M. Glanzman, David J. Goff, Beth B. Herrick, Jessica R. Hiatt, I-Lin Kuo, Yuan-Chyuan Lo, Janaki Moni, Richard S. Pieters, Paul S. Rava, Allison Sacher, Jonathan Saleeby, Shirin Sioshansi, Kenneth Ulin, John M. Varlotto, and Tao Wang
25 Radiation Therapy - The Patient Experience 463Harold James Wallace, III
26 Pain Management in Cancer 481Carlos A. Pino
27 Complementary and Alternative Medicine 499Phil Trabulsy
28 Gene Therapy 531Mai K. ElMallah, Michael Kalfopolous, and Terence R. Flotte
Part VIII: Patient Resources 553
29 Cancer-Center-Based Care 555George J. Weiner
30 Supportive Care 563Kathleen McBeth
31 Investigating Cancer Sentiments across Social Media 573Eric M. Clark, W. Christian Crannell, Jesse Moore, Ted James, Mitchell Norotsky, and Chris A. Jones
Part IX: The Path to Reducing the Cancer Burden: Prevention, Early Detection, Recovery, Survivorship 591
32 Cancer Genetics: Risk Assessment 593Wendy McKinnon
33 Cancer Prevention: Diet, Nutrition, and Lifestyle 603Jennifer L. May and Jean R. Harvey
34 Cancer Survivorship 617David Cranmer
35 The Tools of Advocacy in Cancer Prevention, Early Detection, Recovery, and Treatment 621Jill Sudhoff-Guerin
Index 637
Thomas P. Ahern Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry and Department of Surgery, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Christopher B. Allard Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Sarah R. Amend The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
Ogheneruona Apoe University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA
Jesse N. Aronowitz Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School; UMass Memorial Healthcare Systems, Worcester, MA, USA
Elizabeth Bannon Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School; UMass Memorial Healthcare Systems, Worcester, MA, USA
Anant Bhave Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Maryann Bishop-Jodoin Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA. IROC Rhode Island, Lincoln, RI, USA
Michael L. Blute Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Bruce A. Bornstein Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School; UMass Memorial Healthcare Systems, Worcester, MA, USA
Carla D. Bradford Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School; UMass Memorial Healthcare Systems, Worcester, MA, USA
Leslie Bradford Maine Medical Center, Scarborough, ME, USA
Harry Bushe Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School; UMass Memorial Healthcare Systems, Worcester, MA, USA
Frances E. Carr Professor, University of Vermont Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Cancer Center, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
Maria G. Cicchetti Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School; UMass Memorial Healthcare Systems, Worcester, MA, USA. IROC Rhode Island, Lincoln, RI, USA
Eric M. Clark Department of Surgery, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Bernard F. Cole Professor, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Marion Couch Richard T. Miyamoto Professor and Chair, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
David Cranmer President, Vermont Cancer Survivor Network, Montpelier, VT, USA
W. Christian Crannell Department of Surgery, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Kristin DeStigter Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Linda Ding Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School; UMass Memorial Healthcare Systems, Worcester, MA, USA
Liang Dong The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Mai K. ElMallah Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA. Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
Mark F. Evans Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Thomas J. FitzGerald Department Chair & Professor, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School; UMass Memorial Healthcare, Worcester, MA, USA. Principal Investigator, IROC Rhode Island, Lincoln, RI, USA
Terence R. Flotte Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA. Department of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA. Microbiology & Physiologic Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
Garth Garrison Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA
Robert H. Getzenberg Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
Jonathan M. Glanzman Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School; UMass Memorial Healthcare Systems, Worcester, MA, USA
David J. Goff Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School; UMass Memorial Healthcare Systems, Worcester, MA, USA
Solomon A. Graf Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA. Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
Kristina Guyton Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
Jean R. Harvey Associate Dean for Research, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Robert L. Bickford, Jr. Endowed Professor, Chair, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Vermont, Vermont, VT, USA
Jessica L. Heath Assistant Professor of Pediatrics and Biochemistry, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Beth B. Herrick Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School; UMass Memorial Healthcare Systems, Worcester, MA, USA
Sally Herschorn Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Jessica R. Hiatt Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School; UMass Memorial Healthcare Systems, Worcester, MA, USA
Neil Hyman Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
Ted James Department of Surgery, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA
Chris A. Jones Department of Surgery, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Michael Kalfopolous Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
Farrah B. Khan Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA
Sahn-Ho Kim Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
C. Matthew Kinsey Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA
I-Lin Kuo Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School; UMass Memorial Healthcare Systems, Worcester, MA, USA
Jennifer LaFemina Division of Surgical, UMass Memorial Health Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
Benjamin Lange Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Fran Laurie Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA. IROC Rhode Island, Lincoln, RI, USA
Yuan-Chyuan Lo Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School; UMass Memorial Healthcare Systems, Worcester, MA, USA
Kimberly P. Luebbers Assistant Dean for Clinical Research, Direct for the Office of Clinical Trials Research, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine Office of Clinical Trials, Burlington, VT, USA
Jennifer L. May Outpatient Oncology Dietitian, The University of Vermont Cancer Center, VT, USA
Kathleen McBeth University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA
Wendy McKinnon Certified Genetic Counselor, University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, USA
Janaki Moni, MD Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School; UMass Memorial Healthcare Systems, Worcester, MA, USA. IROC Rhode Island, Lincoln, RI, USA
Jesse Moore Department of Surgery, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Michael Moore Arilla Spence DeVault Professor of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chief, Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
David C. Nalepinski Assistant Vice President for Community Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, NC, USA
Mitchell Norotsky Department of Surgery, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Amrita Pandit University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA
Scott Perrapato University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA
Kenneth J. Pienta The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
Richard S. Pieters Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School; UMass Memorial Healthcare Systems, Worcester, MA, USA
Carlos A. Pino Professor of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Director, Center for Pain Medicine, The Robert Larner, MD College of Medicine, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
Mark K. Plante Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA
Kumar G. Prasad Clinical Instructor, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Meritas Health, North Kansas City, MO, USA
G. Premveer Reddy Vattikuti...
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