A Natural History of Amphibians

Name: A Natural History of Amphibians
Brand: Princeton University Press
Price: 51.99 EUR
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Robert C. Stebbins Nathan W. Cohen(Autor*in)

Princeton University Press

1. Auflage

Erschienen am 10. August 2021

336 Seiten

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978-0-691-23461-8 (ISBN)

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Inhalt

Cover Page
Half-title Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
1. Introduction
The Major Groups of Living Amphibians
The Place of Amphibians in Nature
Amphibian Life Cycles and Modes of Reproduction
Natural History Overview
2. Skin
Glands
Coloration
Shedding
3. Breathing
Gills
Lungs
Skin
Buccopharyngeal Respiration
The Lung-breathing Mechanism
4. Limbs and Locomotion
5. Tail
6. Nose and Chemoreception
Function of the Nasolabial Grooves
Larval Amphibians
Control of Nasal Water and Air Flow
7. Eyes and Vision
Vision in Water and on Land
Some Additional Anatomical Aspects
Distance Perception and Visual Acuity
Use of Vision in Feeding
Color Vision
Eye Protection
Use of Amphibians in Studies of Vision
8. Food Habits
Kinds of Food and Their Detection
Visual Prey Detection
Role of Olfaction
Food Preferences
The Feeding Mechanism
Methods of Catching Prey
Competition for Food and Partitioning of Food Resources
Metabolic Reserves
9. Ears and Hearing
Anurans
The Opercularis System
Salamanders
Caecilians
Amphibian Larvae
Lateral Line System
Reception of Seismic Signals
10. Voice
Caecilians
Salamanders
Anurans
Method of Sound Production
Voice Intensity, Volume, and Directionality
The "Advertisement" Call
Chorus Formation and Pairing
Vocalizations at Short Range
Vocal Responses to Approaching Males
Vocalizations and Predation
Other Vocalizations
11. Temperature Characteristics
Basking
Temperature Preferences
Tolerance of Temperature Extremes
Thermal Acclimation
Thermal Acclimatization
Behaviorally Controlled Fever
Coping with Freezing Temperatures
Biological Effects of Environmental Temperatures
The Pineal Complex and Activity Rhythms
Temperature and Timing of Reproduction
12. Body Water Regulation
Hydroregulation
Skin Structure and Water Loss in Lungless Salamanders
Avoiding Desiccation
The "Seat Patch
Burrowing
Dormant (Estivating) Amphibians: Cocoons
Urea Retention
Skin Color
Uricotelic Frogs
13. Protection against Predators
Protective Glands and Their Use in Defense
Warning Coloration
Mimicry
Posturing and Delivery of Noxious Secretions
Other Antipredator Adaptations
Variation in Antipredator Responses
Noxious Properties of Amphibian Eggs and Larvae
14. Home Range and Movements
Some Measurements of Movements and Home Range in Salamanders and Anurans
15. Territorial Behavior and Fighting
Salamanders
Anurans
Dear Enemy Recognition
16. Homing and Migration
Shoreline Orientation
Homing Behavior during Migrations
Role of Olfaction in Homing
How Does Homing Ability Become Established?
17. Reproduction
Breeding Patterns and Their Control
Reproductive Activities
Caecilians
Salamanders
Anurans
Eggs
Gelatinous Capsules
The Ovum
Location and Shape of Egg Clusters (the "Spawn")
Frequency of Laying and Number of Eggs Laid
Larvae
Caecilians
Salamanders and Anurans
Salamander Larvae
Anuran Larvae (Tadpoles)
18. Parental Care
Guarding of Eggs and Nest Sites
Foam Nests
Tadpole Herding
Transport of Eggs and Larvae
Frogs That Feed Their Young
Pouch Brooding
Vocal Sac Brooding
Stomach Brooding
Viviparous Amphibians
19. Contributions of Amphibians to Human Welfare
Food
Teaching and Research
Toxicology
Medicine
Fever Therapy
A Pharmacopeia of Skin Secretions
The Australian Stomach-brooding Frogs and Gastric Ulcers
20. Declining Amphibians
Examples of Declines with Comments on Possible Causes: Selections from Western North, Central, and South America, and Australia
Western North America
Central and South America
Australia
Amphibians as "Bio-indicators
Known and Possible Causes of Amphibian Declines
A Diversity of Local Impacts
Global Impacts
The Role of Biomagnification
The Endocrine Connection
Amphibians as Subjects for Study of the Effects of Chemical Contaminants at the Hormonal and Developmental Levels
Some Topics Needing Study in Relation to the Possible Role of Synthetic Chemicals in Amphibian Declines
Possible Impacts of Amphibian Declines
What of the Future?
Literature Cited
Index

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