New Developments in EU and International Copyright Law

Name: New Developments in EU and International Copyright Law
Brand: Kluwer Law International
Price: 274.99 EUR
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Irini A. Stamatoudi(Herausgeber*in)

Kluwer Law International (Verlag)

Erschienen am 23. Februar 2016

522 Seiten

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Inhalt

Intro
Halftitle Page
Information Law Series (INFO)
Title Page
Copyright Page
Editor and Contributors
Summary of Contents
Table of Contents
Preface
PART I Copyright: From an International Perspective
CHAPTER 1 Exceptions for Libraries and Archives-Alison Firth & Beverley Pereira
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Role of Exceptions and Limitations
1.3 Interpretation of the Three-Step Test
1.4 Exceptions for Libraries and Archives
1.5 International Legal Landscape
1.5.1 Berne
1.5.2 TRIPS Agreement
1.5.3 WIPO Copyright Treaty
1.5.4 Marrakesh Treaty
1.5.5 Three Step Test as a Staple of International Copyright
1.6 Remaining Areas of Importance for Libraries and Archives
1.7 Libraries and Archives under EU Copyright Directives
1.7.1 The Information Society Directive
1.7.2 Exceptions and Limitations in the Infosoc Directive
1.7.3 Use of 'Proportionality' in Interpretation
1.7.4 Technological Protection
1.7.5 Public Lending
1.7.6 Databases
1.7.7 Orphan Works, Etc.
1.7.8 Further Reforms
1.8 Technology as Game-Changer: The Challenge of Digitization and the EU's Response
1.8.1 Technological Change and Copyright's History
1.8.2 Technology, Libraries and Archives
1.8.3 'Commodification' and 'Commoditisation'
1.8.4 Digitization Initiatives in the EU
1.8.5 The EU's 'Digital Single Market'
1.9 The EU and Parallel Imports/Exhaustion of Rights
1.10 National Legislative Landscape
1.10.1 WIPO Study
1.10.2 United Kingdom
1.10.3 United States
1.11 Proposals for an International Instrument
1.11.1 Preservation
1.11.2 Right of Reproduction and Safeguarding Copies
1.11.3 Legal Deposit
1.11.4 Library Lending
1.11.5 Parallel Imports
1.11.6 Cross-Border Uses
1.11.7 Orphan Works, Retracted and Withdrawn Works, Works Out of Commerce
1.11.8 Limitations on the Liability of Libraries and Archives
1.11.9 Technological Measures of Protection
1.11.10 Contracts
1.11.11 Translation
1.12 IFLA Treaty Proposals
1.13 Predicting the Outcome
1.13.1 Re-framing of Exceptions and Limitations as User Rights
1.13.2 The Critiquing of Copyright Policy from a Human Rights Perspective
1.13.3 Uptake of Fair Use Rules
1.13.4 Open Licensing
1.14 Conclusion
CHAPTER 2 Exceptions for Education and Research-Ysolde Gendreau
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Foundations for Exceptions for Education and Research
2.2.1 Endogenous Foundations
2.2.2 Exogenous Foundations
2.3 Challenges for Exceptions for Education and Research
2.3.1 Diversity
2.3.2 Status
2.3.3 Dualism
CHAPTER 3 The Draft Broadcasters' Treaty: Latecomers to International Protection - Or Perhaps None at All-Sam Ricketson
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Early Days - Broadcasters and the Berne Convention
3.3 Adoption of the Rome Convention
3.3.1 Provisions of the Rome Convention Affecting Broadcasters
3.4 The Satellites Convention
3.5 The TRIPS Agreement
3.6 The WIPO Draft Broadcasters Treaty - a Work in Progress (1998 to the present)
3.6.1 What Should Be Protected?
3.6.2 Who Should Be Protected?
3.6.3 How Should Protection Be Given?
3.6.4 Further Protections
3.6.5 How Long Should Protection Last?
3.6.6 Exceptions and Limitations
3.6.7 Other Matters
3.7 Concluding Comments - Broadcasting in the Future International Intellectual Property Framework
CHAPTER 4 Traditional Knowledge and Cultural Expressions: Discussions and Developments in WIPO-Michael Blakeney
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Organizational Influences in the Work of the IGC
4.3 Policy Objectives
4.4 Traditional Cultural Expressions Defined
4.5 Traditional Knowledge Defined
4.6 Beneficiaries
4.7 Scope of Protection
4.8 Public Domain
4.9 Limitations and Exceptions
4.10 Term of Protection
4.11 Formalities
4.12 Enforcement of Rights
4.13 Misappropriation
4.14 Choice of Law
4.15 Relationship with Intellectual Property Protection
4.16 Administration
4.17 National Treatment
4.18 The Future
CHAPTER 5 The Marrakesh Treaty-Silke von Lewinski
5.1 Developments towards the Marrakesh Treaty
5.2 General Remarks on the Marrakesh Treaty
5.3 The Contents of the Marrakesh Treaty
5.4 The Definitions of the Treaty
5.5 The Provisions on Exceptions and Limitations
5.6 Other Provisions
5.7 Final Remarks
CHAPTER 6 The Beijing Treaty on Audiovisual Performances-Tana Pistorius
6.1 Overview
6.2 Introduction to Performers' Rights
6.3 The Enabling Role of Technology
6.4 The Civil and Common Law Divide
6.5 Performers' Rights versus Copyright
6.6 The International Protection of Performances Recorded on Phonograms
6.6.1 Introduction
6.6.2 The Rome Convention
6.6.3 The TRIPS Agreement
6.6.4 The WPPT
6.7 The International Protection of Audiovisual Performers
6.7.1 Introduction
6.7.2 Pre-adoption Negotiations
6.7.3 The Beijing Treaty
6.7.3.1 The Context of the BTAP
6.7.3.2 Introductory Provisions
6.7.3.3 Definitions
6.7.3.4 Moral Rights
6.7.3.5 Economic Rights
6.7.3.6 Transfer of Rights
6.7.3.7 Equitable Remuneration
6.7.3.8 Limitations and Exceptions
6.7.3.9 Technological Protection Measures
6.7.3.10 Term of Protection
6.7.3.11 Technical Provisions
6.8 A Synopsis of the National Protection of Performers' Rights in the UK and the US
6.8.1 The Position Obtaining in the UK
6.8.2 The Position Obtaining in the US
6.9 Comments on National Implementation
6.10 Concluding Remarks
PART II Copyright: From A European Union Perspective
An Introduction - The EU Copyright Agenda-Maria Martin-Prat
A.1 The Context of Copyright Policy Making Today
A.2 The EU Copyright Agenda - The Starting Point
A.3 The EU Copyright Agenda - Next Steps
CHAPTER 7 Orphan Works, Out-of-Commerce Works and Making the European Cultural Heritage Available: 'Are We Nearly There Yet'?-Marie-Christine Janssens & Rán Tryggvadóttir
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Orphan Works
7.2.1 The OWD in a Nutshell
7.2.1.1 Beneficiaries
7.2.1.2 Orphan Work Status
7.2.1.3 Diligent Search
7.2.1.4 Permitted Uses
7.2.1.5 The Rights of Rightholders
7.2.2 Implementation
7.2.3 Challenges
7.3 Out-of-Commerce Works
7.3.1 The MoU in a Nutshell
7.3.1.1 Use of the MoU
7.3.1.2 Challenges
7.4 Conclusion
CHAPTER 8 Collective Management and Multi-territorial Licensing: Key Issues of the Transposition of Directive 2014/26/EU-Mihály Ficsor
8.1 Introduction
8.2 The Directive in the Light of the Principles of Subsidiarity and Proportionality: Tensions Alleviated in the Adopted Version
8.2.1 Voluminous and Detailed Nature of the Directive
8.2.2 National Legislators 'Reasoned Opinions' on Conflicts with the Principle of Subsidiarity
8.2.3 Flexibilities Included in the Adopted Version of the Directive
8.3 The Principle of Attribution of Powers, Culture, and Collective Management
8.3.1 The Double Nature of Cultural Productions and Services
8.3.2 Rights and Obligations of the EU and Its Member States under the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of Cultural Diversity
8.3.3 The TFEU on the Cultural Competence of Member States and the Protection of Cultural Diversity
8.3.4 Member States' Cultural Sovereignty: A Defence for Euro-Sceptics or a Source of 'More Europe'?
8.3.5 Mutually Supportive Application of the TFEU'S Provisions on Culture, the UNESCO Convention, and the Directive's Flexibilities
8.4 Rejection of the Application of the Services Directive
8.4.1 Collective Management and the Services Directive under the Draft Directive
8.4.2 Rejection of the Application of the Services Directive by the European Parliament
8.4.3 Rejection of the Application of the Services Directive by the CJEU
8.4.4 Remnants of the Rejected Idea of the Application of the Services Directive
8.4.5 Transposition and Implementation of the CMO Directive in the Light of the Rejection of the Application of the Services Directive
8.5 The Concept of CMOs and Competition - Seen from the Viewpoint of Obligations to Give Effect to Treaty Provisions on Certain Rights
8.5.1 Dysfunctional Definition of 'Collective Management Organization'
8.5.2 Genuine Concept of Collective Management
8.5.3 Adequate Collective Management System as a Condition of Fulfilling Treaty Obligations
8.5.4 'Independent Management Entities'
8.6 Title III of the Directive on Licensing of Multi-Territorial Online Use of Musical Works
8.6.1 The 2005 Recommendation as the Predecessor of the Directive
8.6.2 European Parliament Resolution Condemning the 2005 Recommendation
8.6.3 Recitals of the Directive on the Recommendation
8.6.4 'Band-Aid on a Wooden Leg': Commentators Views on a 'Missed Opportunity' to Eliminate the Negative Features of the Recommendation
8.6.5 Improvements in the Directive
8.7 Conclusions
CHAPTER 9 Text and Data Mining-Irini A. Stamatoudi
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Definition and National Stances on the Matter
9.2.1 Definition
9.2.2 National Stances on the Matter
9.3 Relevant Economic Rights
9.3.1 Information Society Directive
9.3.2 Database Directive
9.3.2.1 Copyright
9.3.2.2 Sui Generis Right
9.4 Exceptions and Limitations
9.4.1 Temporary Acts of Reproduction
9.4.2 Scientific Research
9.4.3 Normal Use of a Database
9.4.4 Extraction of ' Insubstantial Parts' from a Database Protected by the Sui Generis Right
9.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER 10 Limitations and Exceptions to Copyright in the Digital Age. Four Cornerstones for a Future-Proof Legal Framework in the EU-Reto M. Hilty & Kaya Köklü
10.1 Introduction
10.2 The Existing Legal Framework versus Digital Reality
10.2.1 The Digital Age and the Technological Developments
10.2.2 Insufficiencies of the Existing Legal Framework
10.3 Harmonization of Limitations and Exceptions by Modification of the InfoSoc Directive?
10.4 Four Cornerstones of a Future-Proof Legal Framework in Copyright Law
10.4.1 Implementation of a Legal Fiction on Licence Agreements
10.4.2 Limitation of Contractual Freedom, Prohibition of Technical Measures That Foster Geo-Blocking
10.4.3 Creation of a Unitary Right
10.4.4 Further Steps Concerning Limitations and Exceptions to Copyright on the European Level
10.5 Outlook
CHAPTER 11 Private Copy Levies-Jörg Reinbothe
11.1 Introduction
11.2 History and Background of the Private Copy Levies
11.2.1 The Origins
11.2.2 The Rationale behind the Private Copy Levies
11.2.2.1 Non-enforceability of Exclusive Rights
11.2.2.2 The Public Interest in Unhindered Access
11.2.2.3 The Economic Participation of Rightholders in the Value Chain
11.2.3 The Legal Structure and Function of the Levies
11.2.4 The Present Application of Private Copy Levy Schemes
11.3 Private Copying in the Framework of International Law
11.3.1 The History
11.3.2 The Application of the Three-Step Test to Private Copying
11.3.3 National Treatment
11.4 Private Copying in the Framework of the European Union
11.4.1 Private Copy Levies as a Topic for EU Harmonization
11.4.2 Private Copying in the Present Acquis Communautaire
11.4.3 Private Copy Levies in the Light of Article 5(2)(b) of the InfoSoc Directive
11.4.3.1 The Preparation of the Private Copying Exception in the InfoSoc Directive
11.4.3.2 The Reasons for Adding the Condition of 'Fair Compensation'
11.4.3.3 'Fair Compensation': Its Purpose and Function
11.4.3.4 The Calculation of 'Fair Compensation'
11.4.3.5 'Fair Compensation' in Relation to Private Copy Levies Providing for 'Equitable Remuneration'
11.4.3.6 Modalities of Payment for Private Copy Levies
11.4.3.7 Result
11.5 Perspectives for the Future
11.5.1 The Application of Private Copy Levies in the Digital Environment
11.5.2 Suggested Guiding Principles for the Policy on Private Copy Levies
11.5.3 Policy Options on Private Copying
11.5.4 Indications on the Way Forward from the EU Legislator
11.6 Summary
CHAPTER 12 How Much Communication to the Public Is 'Communication to the Public'?-Jan Rosén
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Communication to the Public and the New Public Criterion
12.2.1 Communication of Protected Material
12.2.2 Outline of the 'New Public' Criterion
12.2.3 Limits to the 'New Public' Limitation
12.3 Inconsistency of the 'New Public' Criterion with International Norms and EU Directives
12.4 Concluding Remarks
CHAPTER 13 Digital Exhaustion of Copyright in the EU or Shall We Cease Being so Schizophrenic?-Valérie Laure Benabou
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Why Global 'Digital Exhaustion' Is Theoretically Impossible?
13.2.1 Economic Rationales: Tangible Goods Are Rival, Digital Files Are Not
13.2.2 Legal Analysis: Sale Is a Transfer of Ownership while Licence to Use Is Not
13.3 Why a Simili Digital Exhaustion Has Already Come True?
13.3.1 The UsedSoft Case and the Partial Exhaustion of Distribution Right for a Long-Lasting Digital Copy
13.3.2 The Svensson Case or the Implicit 'Licence to Link'
13.3.3 The Premier League Case or the Appropriate Remuneration of the Rightholder
13.4 Why There Should Be a Change in the EU Legislation?
13.4.1 Reshaping the Online Making Available Right
13.4.2 Reproduction Right and Digital Exhaustion
13.4.3 Room for Manoeuvre in Digital Exhaustion and Consumer Policy Considerations
CHAPTER 14 Private International Law Issues on the Internet-Paul L.C Torremans
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Jurisdiction
14.3 Choice of Law
14.4 Conclusion
CHAPTER 15 The Future of Copyright Enforcement Online: Intermediaries Caught between Formal and Informal Governance in the EU-Benjamin Farrand
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Where Are We Now? The Current Legal Framework
15.2.1 The Role of Intermediaries in Regulating Online Infringement
15.2.2 The Responsibility of Intermediaries as Self-Regulated Regulators: CJEU Jurisprudence
15.3 The Future of Enforcement
15.3.1 Formal Enforcement Mechanisms: A Dearth of Legislation
15.3.2 Informal Governance in Online Enforcement: The Rise of Soft Mechanisms
15.3.3 New Commission, New Rules? The Digital Single Market Strategy
15.4 Conclusions
CHAPTER 16 Flexible Copyright: Can EU Author's Right Accommodate Fair Use?-P. Bernt Hugenholtz
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Copyright, Droit D'auteur and Open Norms
16.3 In Search of Flexibilities Inside the EU Acquis
16.4 Flexibilities in Freedom of Expression
16.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER 17 The Role of the Court of Justice of the European Union: Harmonizing, Creating and sometimes Disrupting Copyright Law in the European Union-Christophe Geiger
17.1 Introduction
17.2 The Harmonizing Role of the Case Law of the Court of Justice of the European Union
17.3 The Creative Role of the Judicial Practice of the Court of Justice
17.4 The Disruptive Role of the Judicial Practice of the Court of Justice
CHAPTER 18 Towards an EU Copyright Code? A Conceptual Framework-Marco Ricolfi
18.1 A Controversial Idea and Its Background
18.2 Copyright Is Different
18.3 The Trouble with Copyright between Single EU Market and Global Digital Environment
18.4 Overcoming (the Costs of) Territoriality in Copyright: Three Solutions
18.5 An EU Copyright Code: Plain Sailing or Troubled Waters?
18.6 EU Copyright Law Displacing Member States' Copyrights: Four Question Marks
18.7 Copyright's Mission Redefined and the EU Copyright Code
18.8 Final Remarks
Table of Cases
Index
INFORMATION LAW SERIES
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