Strength of Dilating Soil and Load-holding Capacity of Deep Foundations

Introduction -- Part 1: Strength of dilating non-cohesive soil -- 1 Dilatancy as a fundamental property of granular media -- 1.1 On the term 'dilatancy' -- 1.2 Interaction of grains in non-cohesive soils -- 1.3 Changes in soil density in the process of failure -- 1.4 Plastic and elastic deformations of non-cohesive soils -- 1.5 Dilatancy and the stress condition of soil -- 1.6 Examples of free and constrained dilatancy -- 1.7 Manifestation of dilatancy in soil strength tests -- 1.8 Conclusion -- 2 Models of elasto-plastic deformations of dilating non-cohesive soil -- 2.1 General propositions -- 2.2 Models of contact shear -- 2.3 'Soil-to-soil' shear model -- 2.4 Model of internal bulge -- 2.5 Justification of the assumption regarding elastic reaction of the massif to dilatancy -- 2.6 Conclusion -- 3 Instruments and methods for soil testing in the conditions of constrained dilatancy -- 3.1 General propositions -- 3.2 Dilatometric Apparatus of Contact Shear (DACS) -- 3.3 Dilatometric Apparatus of Direct Shear (DADS) -- 3.4 Special testing method with the use of the serial shear apparatus BCB-25 -- 3.5 Dilatometric Apparatus of Contact Shear of reinforcing elements (DACS-A) -- 3.6 Dilatometric Triaxial Apparatus (DTA) -- 3.7 Conclusion -- 4 Contact shear in conditions of constrained dilatancy -- 4.1 General propositions -- 4.2 The influence of dilatancy constraint on resistance of soil to contact shear -- 4.3 Dilatant component of strength as a function of massif elasticity -- 4.4 Angle of contact friction as a function of massif elasticity -- 4.5 The influence of initial soil density and grain size -- 4.6 Influence of moisture content -- 4.7 Values of dilatant strains -- 4.8 Influence of grain strength -- 4.9 Critical density and critical normal pressure -- 4.10 Peak and residual strength of sands -- 4.11 On reasons for curvature of function xu = f(Gn ) -- 4.12 Cyclic shear in conditions of constrained dilatancy -- 5 Direct shear in conditions of constrained dilatancy -- 5.1 General propositions -- 5.2 Influence of constraint on dilatancy on resistance to shear -- 5.3 Dilatant component of strength and angle of internal friction as functions of massifs elasticity -- 5.4 Comparison and peculiarities of tests in dilatometric instruments of various designs -- 5.5 Conclusion -- 6 Internal bulge as a manifestation of conditions of constrained dilatancy -- 6.1 General propositions -- 6.2 Influence of dilatancy on stress-deformative condition of soil during triaxial compression -- 6.3 Adjustments for dilatancy in Coulomb-Mohr's strength conditions -- 6.4 Angle of internal friction as a function of massif elasticity -- 6.5 Peculiarities of soil deformation with constrained dilatancy -- 6.6 Conclusion -- 7 Conditions of strength of dilating non-cohesive soil -- 7.1 General propositions -- 7.2 Ultimate resistance to shear -- 7.3 Ultimate state during triaxial compression -- 7.4 Conclusion -- Part 2. Deep foundations in dilating soil -- 8 Constrained dilatancy as a factor of load-holding capacity of deep foundations -- 8.1 General propositions -- 8.2 Bore piles of Type 1 -- 8.3 Bore piles of Type 2 and footings of Type 1 -- 8.4 Bore piles of Type 3 -- 8.5 Bore piles of Types 4, 5 and footings of Types 2, 3 -- 8.6 Injection piles and anchors -- 8.7 Piles constructed with soil displacement -- 8.8 Factors of stress-deformative condition at the contour of a bore pile -- 8.9 Conclusion: Reasons for the failures of theoretical calculation methods -- 9 Load-holding capacity of a single pile -- 9.1 Calculating scheme -- 9.2 Propositions regarding calculation of bore piles -- 9.3 Propositions for calculating bore piles with injected base and shaft -- 9.4 Propositions for calculating injection piles -- 9.5 Propositions for calculating piles manufactured with displacement of soil -- 9.6 Conclusion -- 10 Load-holding capacity of a deep footing -- 10.1 Calculating scheme -- 10.2 Load-holding capacity along the skin surface -- 10.3 Load-holding capacity at the lower end -- 10.4 Equation for calculating the total load-holding capacity -- 10.5 Conclusion -- 11 Load-holding capacity of an injection anchor -- 11.1 Calculating scheme -- 11.2 Contact resistance to shear along the root surface -- 11.3 Critical length of compressed root -- 11.4 Equation for calculating the load-holding capacity -- 11.5 Group effect of anchors -- 11.6 Conclusion -- 12 Sketches of several dilatancy manifestations -- 12.1 Reinforced earth as a composite material -- 12.2 Distortion and liquefaction of sands -- 12.3 Dilatant nature of contact filtration and negative friction along the pile shafts -- 12.4 Realization of the factor of dilatant strength during tunnelling -- 12.5 Dilatancy and seismic activity -- 12.6 Dilatancy in cracks of stone constructions -- 12.7 Reinforced concrete as a dilating composite material -- General conclusions -- Appendix 1 -- Appendix 2 -- References -- Subject -- index.