During the past decade we have witnessed a vast expansion in our knowl edge of lipid metabolism, especially for mammalian tissues. One obvious conclusion arising from these studies is that no single overall scheme of lipid metabolism can be classed as distinctly characteristic of all mamma lian organs. Although certain synthetic and degradative lipid pathways are similar in a variety of organs, I have been impressed by the notable exceptions. I was motivated to organize this work on Lipid Metabolism in Mammals because of the lack of a single reference source containing a comparative organ approach to lipid metabolism in mammals that empha sizes the uniqueness of pathways in the various organs of the body. Because of the escalation in lipid research, I also feel strongly that there is an urgent need for an updated concise account of this field. The group of authors for the chapters in the two volumes of Lipid Metabolism in Mammals were selected for their expertise and personal experience with the lipid metabolism of the organs or blood constituents that are the subjects of the chapters. Sufficient leeway has been given each author to approach the subject matter from a personal viewpoint. How ever, the overall direction of each chapter has been slanted to emphasize the similarities and differences in lipid metabolism among organ systems. The introductory chapter on general pathways provides a convenient refer ence to illustrations of specific reaction sequences that are well established and that occur in a number of organs.
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ISBN-13
978-1-4684-2832-2 (9781468428322)
DOI
10.1007/978-1-4684-2832-2
Schweitzer Klassifikation
Introduction: General Pathways in the Metabolism of Lipids in Mammalian Tissues.- I. Introduction.- II. Fatty Acids.- III. Glycerolipids.- IV. Sphingomyelin.- V. Cholesterol.- References.- Liver.- I. Introduction.- II. Fatty Acid Metabolism in Liver.- III. Metabolism of Glycerolipids in the Liver.- IV. The Liver and Plasma Lipoproteins.- V. Metabolism of Cholesterol, Bile Acids, and Other Biliary Lipids.- VI. Abnormal Lipid Metabolism in the Liver.- VII. Concluding Comments.- References.- Gastrointestinal Tissue.- I. Introduction.- II. Physical-Chemical and Enzymatic Processes Associated with Lipid Digestion and Absorption.- III. The Molecular Basis for the Uptake of Lipids by the Intestinal Cell.- IV. Intracellular Metabolism of Lipids in the Intestinal Mucosal Cell.- References.- Blood: Introductory Comments.- Red Blood Cells.- I. Introduction.- II. Erythrocyte Lipid Composition.- III. Selected Examples of Abnormal Erythrocyte Lipid Turnover Associated with Membrane Instability (Hemolysis).- IV. Summary.- References.- Plasma Lipoproteins: Structure and Metabolism.- I. Overview.- II. Lipoprotein Structure.- III. Lipoprotein Metabolism.- References.- White Cells.- I. Introduction.- II. Lipid Composition of Leukocytes.- III. Lipid Biosynthetic Apparatus of Leukocytes.- IV. Lipid Degradative Apparatus of Leukocytes.- V. Role of Lipids and Lipid Metabolism in Leukocyte Function.- VI. Summary and Conclusions.- References.- Platelet Lipids.- I. Introduction.- II. Fatty Acids and Prostaglandins.- III. Phospholipid Metabolism.- IV. Cholesterol.- V. Glycosphingolipids.- VI. Platelet Lipids and Platelet Function.- References.- Adipose Tissue.- I. Introduction.- II. Fat Uptake.- III. Fat Mobilization.- IV. Lipases.- V. Fat Synthesis.- VI. Fatty Acid Desaturation.- VII. Cholesterol.- VIII. Fat Compartmentation and Turnover.- IX. Brown Adipose Tissue.- References.- Brain.- I. Introduction.- II. Gylcerophospholipids.- III. Sphingolipids.- IV. Fatty Acids.- V. Fatty Alcohols and Fatty Aldehydes.- VI. Cholesterol Biosynthesis.- References.- Cardiac Muscle.- I. Introduction.- II. Factors Affecting the Utilization of Lipids.- III. Fate of Fatty Acids Presented to the Heart as Free Fatty Acids Complexed to Albumin or as Lipoprotein Triacylglycerols.- IV. Catabolism of Fatty Acids.- V. Importance of Ketone Bodies as Substrates for Energy Production.- VI. Fatty Acid Biosynthesis.- VII. Biosynthesis of Neutral Glycerides and Phospholipids.- VIII. Enzymes Involved in the Reduction of Free Fatty Acids to Fatty Aldehydes and Fatty Alcohols.- IX. Basal Oxygen Consumption.- X. Oxygen Lack and Its Effect on Fatty Acid Metabolism.- XI. Summary.- References.
