Current and Future Developments in Surgery: Volume 2: Oesophago-gastric Surgery

Name: Current and Future Developments in Surgery: Volume 2: Oesophago-gastric Surgery
Brand: Bentham Science Publishers
Price: 82.6 EUR
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Sami M. Shnimi(Herausgeber*in)

Bentham Science Publishers

1. Auflage

Erschienen am 8. Mai 2018

385 Seiten

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Inhalt

Intro
CONTENTS
Foreword
Preface
DEDICATION
List of Contributors
Benign Disorders of the Stomach
Elizabeth Vaughan and Sami M. Shimi*
DYSPEPSIA
Diagnosis
Management
GASTRITIS
Chronic Gastritis
Acute Gastritis
Histological Classification
Non-atrophic H. pylori Gastritis
Atrophic Gastritis
H. pylori Associated Chronic Gastritis
Other Forms of Gastritis
Chronic Reactive (Chemical) Gastritis
Autoimmune Gastritis
Eosinophilic Gastritis
Lymphocytic Gastritis
Suppurative (Phlegmonous) Gastritis
AIDS Gastritis
Granulomatous and Crohn's Gastritis
Emphysematous Gastritis
Gastritis Cystica Polyposa
Presentation and Clinical Features
Diagnosis
Risk of Cancer with Gastritis
Medical Management of Gastritis
Surgical Management of Gastritis
Roux-en-Y or Braun Gastrojejunostomy
Access
Exploration
Dissection
Reconstruction (Braun)
Reconstruction (Roux-en-Y)
Post-Operative Course
Anticipated Complications
De Meester Duodenal Switch Procedure
Dissection
Reconstruction
PEPTIC ULCERATION
Epidemiology
Aetiology
Pathology
Presentation and Clinical Features
Diagnosis
Risk of Cancer from Peptic Ulceration
Medical Management
Anti-secretory Agents
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
Hydrogen Receptor Antagonists (H2RAs)
Antibiotics
Mucosal Protective Agents
Complications of Peptic Ulcer Disease and Their Management
Surgical Control of Bleeding Peptic Ulcer
Access
Exploration
Dissection
Reconstruction
Post-operative Course
Anticipated Complications
Surgical Repair of Perforated Peptic Ulcer
Access
Exploration
Dissection
Reconstruction
Post-operative Course
Anticipated Complications
GASTRIC OUTLET OBSTRUCTION
Epidemiology
Aetiology
Pathophysiology
Presentation and Clinical Features
Diagnosis
Medical Management
Endoscopic Therapy
Pneumatic Balloon Dilatation
Endoscopic Stenting
Surgical Management
Surgical Procedures
Pyloroplasty
Heineke-Mikulicz Pyloroplasty
Finney's Pyloroplasty
Jaboulay Pyloroplasty
Antrectomy
Access
Exploration
Dissection
Resection
Reconstruction
Anticipated Complications
UPPER GI BLEEDING (NON-VARICEAL)
Evaluation and Management of the Bleeding Patient
Bleeding Lesions in the Stomach
Mallory-Weiss Tears
Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia (Watermelon Stomach or GAVE)
Dieulafoy Lesion (DL)
Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) (Rendu-Osler-Weber Syndrome)
Gastric Haemangioma
Portal Hypertensive Gastropathy (PHG)
ACUTE GASTRIC DILATATION
Presentation and Clinical Features
Complications
Pathophysiology
Aetiology
Medical Management
Surgical Treatment
GASTRIV VOLVULUS
Presentation and Clinical Features
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Aetiology and Pathophysiology
Complications
Management of Gastric Volvulus
Gastropexy
CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
REFERENCES
Oesophago-gastric Motility Disorders
Maria Coats*
OESOPHAGEAL MOTILITY DISORDERS
Presentation
INVESTIGATIONS OF OESOPHAGEAL MOTILITY DISORDERS
Oesophageal Manometry
Conventional Water-Perfused Catheter Manometry
Solid-State Catheter Manometry
High Resolution Manometry (HRM)
Contrast Radiology
Fluoroscopy/Video-Radiology
CT Scanning
Radio Isotope Studies
Endoscopy
PRIMARY OESOPHAGEAL MOTILITY DISORDERS
Achalasia
Clinical Features
Investigations
Upper Gastro-Intestinal Endoscopy
Manometry Studies
Management
Pharmacological Therapy
Endoscopic Treatments
Surgery
Heller's Myotomy Technical Steps
Recent Advances and Emerging Therapies
Diffuse Oesophageal Spasm
Nutcracker Oesophagus
Vigorous Achalasia
Non-specific Oesophageal Motility Disorders
Chagas' Disease
SECONDARY OESOPHAGEAL MOTILITY DISORDERS
Systemic Sclerosis
GASTROPARESIS
Presentation and Clinical Features
Diagnosis
Pathophysiology
Aetiology
Idiopathic Gastroparesis
Diabetic Gastroparesis
Post-surgical Gastroparesis
Refractory Gastroparesis
Complications
Medical Management of Gastroparesis
Endoscopy and Gastroparesis
Surgery and Gastroparesis
Gastric Electrical Stimulation
CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
REFERENCES
Oesophageal Neoplasms
Prdeep Patil* and Sami M. Shimi
GENERAL FEATURES OF OESOPHAGEAL TUMOURS
Aetiology and Risk Factors
Presentation
Diagnosis
PATHOLOGY, HISTOLOGY AND BIO-MARKERS
Benign Tumours
Malignant Oesophageal Neoplasms
Histology
Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC)
Adenocarcinoma (OAC)
Squamous Cell Variants
Adenoma Carcinoma Variants
Other Tumours
Tumour Biomarkers
Immunohistochemical Biomarkers
Blood-based Biomarkers
mRNA-based Biomarkers
Gene Expression Profiling Biomarkers
STAGING OF OESOPHAGEAL CANCER
MANAGEMENT OF OESOPHAGEAL CANCER
General Considerations
Nutrition
Physical Fitness
Respiratory and Cardiovascular Optimisation
Anatomical Considerations
Treatment Strategy
Surgical Resection
(a). Tumours of the Cervical Oesophagus
(b). Tumours of the Thoracic Oesophagus
(c). Tumours of the Oesophago-gastric Junction
Lymphadenectomy
Reconstruction
Technical Steps in Oesophagectomy
Cervical Stage
Abdominal Stage
Right Posterolateral Thoracotomy
Oncological Management
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
Multi-Modality Treatment
Palliation of Oesophageal Cancer
Surgical Bypass
Laser Canalisation
Electrocoagulation
Ethanol Injection
Intubation
CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
REFERENCES
Gastric Neoplasms
Sami M. Shimi*
TUMOURS OF THE STOMACH
Benign Tumours of the Stomach
Malignant Tumours of the Stomach
GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA
Presentation and Clinical Features
Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer
Staging of Gastric Cancer
Serological Biomarkers of Gastric Cancer
Classification of Gastric Cancer
Histology
Spread of Gastric Cancer
Direct Extension
Lymphatic Spread
Peritoneal Spread
Haematogenous Spread
Early Gastric Cancer
Endoscopic Diagnosis
White Light Endoscopy
Chromoendoscopy
Narrow Band Imaging
Endoscopic Ultrasonography
Management of Early Gastric Cancer
Endoscopic Therapy
Surgical Management of EGC
Advanced Gastric Cancer
Management of Advanced Gastric Cancer
Extent of Resection
Lymphadenectomy
Reconstruction after Gastric Resection
Gastrectomy
The Surgical Procedure
Key Steps:
Access
Exploration
Dissection
Reconstruction (Rou-en-Y with a Pouch)
Post-operative Course
Anticipated Complications
Laparoscopic Gastrectomy
Oncological Management of Gastric Cancer
Palliation of Advanced Gastric Cancer
Surgical Palliation
Palliative Surgical Bypass
Stenting of Distal Gastric Cancer
Palliative Gastro-enterostomy (GE)
Access
Exploration
Dissection
Reconstruction (Omega Loop)
Post-operative Course
Anticipated Complications
Surgical Insertion of Feeding Jejunostomy
Access
Exploration
Dissection
Reconstruction
Post-operative Course
Anticipated Complications
Prognosis of Gastric Cancer
Pattern of Relapse
Supportive Care
GASTRO-INTESTINAL STROMAL TUMOURS
Presentation
Pathology and Molecular Genetics
Evaluation and Staging
Management
Adjuvant/ Neo-Adjuvant Therapy
Prognosis
Follow-up and Monitoring
Wedge Resection of GISTs
GASTRIC NEURONEDOCRINE TUMOURS
Evaluation and Staging
Management
GASTRIC LYMPHOMA
Presentation
Management
CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
REFERENCES
Oncological Management of Oesophageal and Gastric Cancer
Russell Petty* and Asa Dahle-Smith
RATIONALE AND ASSESSMENT
Rationale
Assessment of Patients for Oncological Management
EARLY STAGE OESOPHAGEAL CANCER
Pre-operative Treatment
Neo-adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy (NA CRT)
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy (NAC)
Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy or Chemotherapy?
Peri-operative Chemotherapy
Definitive Chemo-radiotherapy (dCRT)
EARLY STAGE GASTRIC CANCER
Peri-operative Treatment
Adjuvant Treatment
Adjuvant Chemotherapy
Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
Perioperative Chemotherapy, Adjuvant Chemotherapy or Adjuvant CRT for Gastric Cancer?
ONCOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT OF ADVANCED OESOPHAGEAL AND GASTRIC CANCER
Systemic Palliative Therapy in Advanced Oesophageal and Gastric Cancer
Emerging Targeted Therapies and Molecular Sub-Classification
RARE OESOPHAGEAL AND GASTRIC TUMOURS
CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
REFERENCES
Endoscopic Therapeutic Procedures
Hugh Dalziel1 and Sami M. Shimi2,*
ENDOSCOPIC DISSECTION AND RESECTION
Historical Background
Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (EMR)
Specimen Preparation
Methodology of ESD
Indications for ESD
Early Gastric Cancer
Early Oesophageal Cancer
Nodular HGD
Endoscopic Full-Thickness Resection (EFTR)
Preoperative Evaluation for Candidates of ER
Pathological Evaluation of the Removed Specimen
Outcome Results and Complications of ESD
Management after ESD
Future Perspectives
ENDOSCOPIC MUCOSAL ABLATION
Photo-dynamic Therapy (PDT)
Nd:YAG and KTP Laser-Derived Thermal Therapies
Cryotherapy
Argon Plasma Coagulation (APC)
Radio-Frequency Ablation (RFA)
ER and Mucosal Ablation
ENDOSCOPIC HAEMOSTASIS
Introduction
Risk Stratification Scores
Endoscopic Therapy
Endoscopic Risk Stratification
Types of Endoscopic Therapy
Injection Therapy
Thermal Devices
Coagulation Forceps
Mechanical Devices (Clips)
Through the Scope Clips
Over the Scope Clips
Mechanical Ligation
Detachable Snares
Band Ligation
Combined Therapy
Topical Haemostatic Agents
Removable Covered Stents
Bleeding Lesions in the Oesophagus and Stomach
Peptic Ulcer Upper GI Bleeding
Mallory-Weiss Syndrome
Dieulafoy's Lesions
Tumours
Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia
Angiectasia
Bleeding related to ESD
Bleeding related to Endoscopic Mucosal Resection (EMR)
Bleeding Lesions related to Portal Hypertension
Varices
Gastro-oesophageal Varices
Radiological Methods of Haemostasis
Types of Procedure
Predictors of Outcome
ENDOSCOPIC STENTING OF OBSTRUCTING LESIONS
Indications and Contraindications
Pre-stenting Patient Preparation
Techniques of Oesophageal Stenting
Endoscopic Insertion of Stent
Radiological Insertion of Stent
Combined Method of Stent Insertion
Stent Options
Uncovered vs Covered Stents
After Care and Nutrition
Stenting Across OG Junction
Clinical Results
Complications
Stenting for Malignant Gastric Outlet Obstruction (MGOO)
Technical and Clinical Success of Stenting MGOO
Stent Dysfunction
Perforation and Bleeding
Stent Patency and Overall Survival
SEMS Stenting Procedure
Evaluation of Subjective Symptoms after SEMS
Future Advances in Oesophageal Stenting
CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
REFERENCES
Bariatric Anaesthesia
Shaun McLeod*
ANAESTHESIA IN BARIATRIC SURGERY
Introduction
Pathophysiology of Obesity
Anti-obesity Surgery
Anaesthetic Considerations
Pre-operative Optimisation
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA)
Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome
Respiratory Function
Cardiovascular Factors
Endocrine Factors
Pharmacology of Anaesthetic Agents in Obesity
PRE-OPERATIVE PREPARATION
Airway Assessment
Respiratory System
Cardiovascular System
Glucose Control
Nutritional State
INTRA-OPERATIVE ANESTHETIC MANAGEMENT
Positioning
Thrombo-embolism Prophylaxis
Antibiotic Prophylaxis
Standard Monitoring
Venous Access
Pre-oxygenation
Induction of Anaesthesia
Intubation
Maintenance of Anaesthesia
Multimodal Analgesia
Reversal of Anaesthesia
POST-ANAESTHETIC MANAGEMENT
Post-operative Environment
Supplementary Oxygen
Post-operative Analgesia
Thrombo-embolism Prophylaxis
Mobilisation
Fluids and Diet Reintroduction
Hospital Discharge
CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
REFERENCES
Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery
Jamie Young*
GLOBAL OBESITY
Background
Aetiology and Epidemiology
Definition of Obesity
Consequences of Obesity
Prevention of Obesity
Management of Obesity
Multidisciplinary Team
NON-SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
Dietary Management
Very Low Calorie Diets
Exercise
Psychology
Pharmacology
Outcomes of Non-Surgical Treatment
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
Pathophysiology of Anti-Obesity Surgery
Bariatric Surgery and Pregnancy
Preoperative Assessment
Anaesthetic Considerations
Post-operative Care
Operative Considerations
Follow Up after Bariatric Surgery
Audit / Outcomes
SURGICAL PROCEDURES
Choice of Procedure
Intra-Gastric Balloon
Vertical Banded Gastroplasty
Duodeno-Jejunal Bypass Sleeve
Gastric Bands
Sleeve Gastric Resection
Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass
Loop Gastric Bypass
Bilio-Pancreatic Bypass with Duodenal Switch (BPD/DS)
Novel Procedures
Re-do bariatric surgery
CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
REFERENCES
SUBJECT INDEX

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