Helicobacter Pylori Therapies, An Issue of Gastroenterology Clinics of North America

Name: Helicobacter Pylori Therapies, An Issue of Gastroenterology Clinics of North America | Helicobacter Pylori Therapies, an Issue of Gastroenterology Clinics of North America
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Helicobacter Pylori Therapies, an Issue of Gastroenterology Clinics of North America

Akiko Shiotani(Autor*in)

Elsevier (Verlag)

1. Auflage

Erschienen am 3. September 2015

100 Seiten

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978-0-323-39566-3 (ISBN)

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Front Cover
Managementof Helicobacterpylori-Related Diseases
Copyright
Contributors
CONSULTING EDITOR
EDITORS
AUTHORS
Contents
Foreword: Helicobacter pylori
Preface: Helicobacter pylori: New Thoughts and Practices
Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Proton Pump Inhibitor Era
Practical Aspects in Choosing a Helicobacter pylori Therapy
How to Effectively Use Bismuth Quadruple Therapy: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly
Is There a Role for Probiotics in Helicobacter pylori Therapy?
Molecular Approaches to Identify Helicobacter pylori Antimicrobial Resistance
When Is Endoscopic Follow-up Appropriate After Helicobacter pylori Eradication Therapy?
Gastric Cancer Risk in Patients with Helicobacter pylori Infection and Following Its Eradication
Molecular Pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori-Related Gastric Cancer
Helicobacter pylori Eradication to Eliminate Gastric Cancer: The Japanese Strategy
Treatment Strategy for Gastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma
Rationale for a Helicobacter pylori Test and Treatment Strategy in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Screening to Identify and Eradicate Helicobacter pylori Infection in Teenagers in Japan
Current Status and Prospects for a Helicobacter pylori Vaccine
GASTROENTEROLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
FORTHCOMING ISSUES
December 2015
March 2016
June 2016
RECENT ISSUES
June 2015
March 2015
December 2014
Helicobacter pylori
Helicobacter pylori: New Thoughts and Practices
Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Proton Pump Inhibitor Era
Key points
INTRODUCTION
INVASIVE TESTS
Histology
Culture
Rapid urease test
Molecular tests
Noninvasive Tests
Urea breath test
Stool antigen tests
SEROLOGY
SUMMARY: DIAGNOSIS OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION IN THE PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS ERA
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
Practical Aspects in Choosing a Helicobacter pylori Therapy
Key points
INTRODUCTION
Why Is Helicobacter pylori Difficult to Treat?
CHOICE OF THERAPY
FIRST-LINE REGIMENS
Nonbismuth Quadruple Therapies
Sequential therapy
Concomitant therapy
Hybrid (sequential-concomitant) therapy
Bismuth Quadruple Therapy
RESCUE THERAPY
Fluoroquinolone-Containing Therapy
Bismuth Quadruple Therapy, Including Furazolidone-Containing Regimens
Rifabutin-Containing Therapy
PROBIOTICS
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
How to Effectively Use Bismuth Quadruple Therapy
Key points
BACKGROUND
BISMUTH IN THE ERA OF NEW CONCEPTS REGARDING PATHOGENESIS AND TREATMENT OF PEPTIC ULCER
BISMUTH QUADRUPLE THERAPY FOR H PYLORI ERADICATION
THE EFFECT OF METRONIDAZOLE RESISTANCE AS EXAMINED BY META-ANALYSIS
CALCULATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BISMUTH QUADRUPLE THERAPY
ADHERENCE (COMPLIANCE) WITH BISMUTH QUADRUPLE THERAPY
Adherence to the Protocol
HOW TO MAKE BISMUTH QUADRUPLE THERAPY MORE ACCEPTABLE
DOXYCYCLINE
EXAMINATION OF OUTCOME IN REGIONS WHERE BISMUTH QUADRUPLE THERAPY FREQUENTLY FAILS (EG, TURKEY AND IRAN)
BISMUTH, TETRACYCLINE, AMOXICILLIN, PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS QUADRUPLE THERAPY
BISMUTH SEQUENTIAL THERAPIES
INFORMATION NEEDED TO OBTAIN GENERALIZABLE RESULTS
ISSUES RIPE FOR SYSTEMATIC STUDY
Relation of Drug Administration and Meals
Reduction of Side Effects with Bismuth Quadruple Therapy
PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS DOSAGE
EFFICIENT STUDY DESIGN
RECOMMENDATIONS
REFERENCES
Is There a Role for Probiotics in Helicobacter pylori Therapy?
Key points
WHAT PROBIOTICS ARE
PROBIOTICS
Use of Probiotics Clinically
PROBIOTICS AS ADJUVANT THERAPY FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI ERADICATION
PROBIOTICS AS CURE FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Molecular Approaches to Identify Helicobacter pylori Antimicrobial Resistance
Key points
MOLECULAR DETERMINATION OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI RESISTANCE TO MACROLIDES
Mechanisms
Methods
Real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of Helicobacter pylori resistance to macrolides
Principle
Advantages of this procedure
Variants of the method
The TaqMan format
Advantages and limitations
The scorpion format
Multiplex polymerase chain reaction followed by strip hybridization
Advantages and limits
Dual priming oligonucleotide-polymerase chain reaction
Other polymerase chain reaction-based assays
Nested polymerase chain reaction followed by sequencing or standard polymerase chain reaction followed by sequencing or res ...
Allele-specific primer polymerase chain reaction
Primer mismatch polymerase chain reaction
Invader assay for single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping
Non-polymerase chain reaction-based assays
Fluorescence in situ hybridization
Advantages
Peptide nucleic acid-fluorescence in situ hybridization
Other methods
Correlation with Clinical Outcome
MOLECULAR DETERMINATION OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI RESISTANCE TO FLUOROQUINOLONES
Mechanisms
Methods
Real-time polymerase chain reaction
Multiplex polymerase chain reaction followed by strip hybridization
Other polymerase chain reaction-based assays
Sequencing of the gyrA quinolone resistance-determining region
Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction
Correlation with Clinical Outcome
MOLECULAR DETERMINATION OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI RESISTANCE TO TETRACYCLINE
Mechanisms
Methods
Real-time polymerase chain reaction
Standard polymerase chain reaction followed by sequencing or polymerase chain reaction-restriction length polymorphism
MOLECULAR DETERMINATION OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI RESISTANCE TO OTHER ANTIBIOTICS
Rifampins
Amoxicillin
5-Nitroimidazoles
REFERENCES
When Is Endoscopic Follow-up Appropriate After Helicobacter pylori Eradication Therapy?
Key points
INTRODUCTION
HELICOBACTER PYLORI ERADICATION
UNINVESTIGATED AND NONULCER DYSPEPSIA
PEPTIC ULCER
PREMALIGNANT GASTRIC LESIONS AND EARLY GASTRIC CANCER
HEREDITARY RISK FOR GASTRIC CANCER
MUCOSA-ASSOCIATED LYMPHOID TISSUE LYMPHOMA
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Gastric Cancer Risk in Patients with Helicobacter pylori Infection and Following Its Eradication
Key points
INTRODUCTION
HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION IS THE MOST IMPORTANT DETERMINANT OF GASTRIC CANCER RISK
GASTRIC CANCER RISK: EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRENDS
GASTRIC CANCER RISK: THE ASSESSMENT
Demographics
Noninvasive Methods
Invasive Methods
Endoscopy and biopsy protocols
Histology
GASTRIC CANCER RISK IN ERADICATED PATIENTS
Helicobacter pylori Eradication as a Primary Prevention of Gastric Cancer
How to Assess/Quantify Cancer Risk After Helicobacter pylori Eradication
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Molecular Pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori-Related Gastric Cancer
Key points
INTRODUCTION
CLASSIFICATIONS AND CHARACTERIZATIONS OF GASTRIC CANCER
HELICOBACTER PYLORI VIRULENCE FACTORS ON GASTRIC EPITHELIUM DURING GASTRIC CARCINOGENESIS
Roles of CagA in Gastric Carcinogenesis
Roles of Vacuolating Cytotoxin A in Gastric Carcinogenesis
Role of Peptidoglycan in Gastric Carcinogenesis
HELICOBACTER PYLORI-INDUCED INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES DURING GASTRIC CARCINOGENESIS
GENETIC AND EPIGENETIC ALTERATIONS DURING GASTRIC CARCINOGENESIS
Mechanisms of Induction of Genetic Alterations
Deamination
Oxidative stress
Chromosomal instability
Mechanisms of Induction of Epigenetic Alterations
Mechanisms of Induction of microRNA Alterations
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Helicobacter pylori Eradication to Eliminate Gastric Cancer
Key points
INTRODUCTION
PREVIOUS PREVENTIVE MEASURES FOR GASTRIC CANCER IN JAPAN
CURRENT STATUS AND CHARACTERISTICS OF SCREENING FOR GASTRIC CANCER IN JAPAN
THE EFFECT OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI ERADICATION FOR GASTRIC CANCER PREVENTION
HEALTH INSURANCE COVERAGE FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI ERADICATION THERAPY IN JAPAN
STRATEGY FOR THE ELIMINATION OF GASTRIC CANCER IN JAPAN
REFERENCES
Treatment Strategy for Gastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma
Key points
INTRODUCTION
PATHOGENESIS
Helicobacter pylori
Genetic Aberrations
DIAGNOSIS
Histopathology
Endoscopic Findings
Clinical Staging
TREATMENTS
Helicobacter pylori Eradication
Strategies for Patients not Responding to Helicobacter pylori Eradication
SUMMARY/DISCUSSION
REFERENCES
Rationale for a Helicobacter pylori Test and Treatment Strategy in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Key points
INTRODUCTION
THE EFFECT OF PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR TREATMENT ON CHRONIC HELICOBACTER PYLORI-RELATED GASTRITIS
THE EFFECT OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI ERADICATION ON CHRONIC GASTRITIS AND ATROPHY RELATED TO HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION
GASTRITIS AND ADENOCARCINOMA IN MONGOLIAN GERBILS
A CONTROLLED TRIAL OF PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR THERAPY IN INFECTED SUBJECTS WITH GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE
THE CASE AGAINST HELICOBACTER PYLORI ERADICATION THERAPY IN GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE
COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Screening to Identify and Eradicate Helicobacter pylori Infection in Teenagers in Japan
Key points
INTRODUCTION
AN EXAMINATION AND TREATMENT OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
First Screening Examination for Helicobacter pylori Infection
Further Examination for Helicobacter pylori Infection
Endoscopic Findings
Histologic Findings
Susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to Clarithromycin, Metronidazole, and Amoxicillin
Outcome of Helicobacter pylori Eradication Therapy
Adverse Effects
Costs
DISCUSSION
Other Effectiveness Except Preventing of Gastric Cancers
Problems of Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection in High School Students
Other Studies of a Screen-and-Treat Approach for Helicobacter pylori Infection in Japanese Adolescents
SUMMARY
REFERENCES
Current Status and Prospects for a Helicobacter pylori Vaccine
Key points
THE NEED FOR AN HELICOBACTER PYLORI VACCINE: LATE DIAGNOSIS OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI-ASSOCIATED GASTRIC CANCER
HIGH INCIDENCE OF GASTRIC CANCER IN DEVELOPING NATIONS
CHALLENGES IN INDUCING PROTECTIVE HELICOBACTER PYLORI IMMUNITY AT THE GASTRIC MUCOSA
RESULTS FROM THE MOUSE MODEL THAT CONTRIBUTED TO VACCINE DEVELOPMENT
CLINICAL TRIALS
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS AND NEW CONSIDERATIONS IN HELICOBACTER PYLORI VACCINE DEVELOPMENT
REFERENCES
Index

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