Principles of Deglutition

Overview of Deglutition and Digestion.- Gustation, Olfaction and Deglutition.- Coordination of Deglution and Respiration.- Airway Protective mechanisms, Reciprocal Physiology of the Deglutitive Axis.- Cerebral cortical control of deglutition.- Brainstem control of deglutition: Swallowing pattern Generator.- Brainstem control of deglutition: Brainstem Neural Circuits and Mediators Regulation Swallowing.- Oral Phase Preparation and Propulsion: Anatomy, Physiology, Pheology, Mastication and Transport.- Deglutitive oral pressure phenomena.- Effect of aging on the oral phase of deglutition.- Nascent oral phase.- Development, Anatomy and Physiology of the Pharynx.- Development, Anatomy and Physiology of the Larynx.- Development, Anatomy and Physiology of the Lungs.- Effect of aging of the pharynx and the UES.- Nascent Pharynx, physiology, reflexes.- Development, Anatomy and Physiology of the Upper Esophageal Sphincter and Pharyngo-Esophageal Junction.- Deglutitive Pharyngeal and UES Pressure Phenomena.- Development, Anatomy and Physiology of the Esophagus.- Normal aging and the esophagus.- Nascent esophagus, sensory-motor physiology during maturation.- Esophageal Motor Physiology.- Sphincter Mechanisms at the Esophago-Gastric Junction.- Motility and pressure phenomena of the esophagus.- Symptom Indices for Dysphagia Assessment and Management.- Cerebro-Vascular Accidents and Dysphagia.- Progressive Neurologic Disease and Dysphagia (Include Parkinson's Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Myasthenia Gravis, Post Polio Syndrome).- Disorders of appetite, eating and swallowing in the dementias.- Dystrophies and Myopathies (To include Muscular, Oculopharyngeal).- Dysphagia Secondary to the Effects of Chemo and Radiation Therapy.- Swallowing Syncope.- Globus Pharyngeus.- Deglutition in patients with tracheostomy, nasogastric tubes and orogoastric tubes.- Dysphagia Secondary to Systemic Diseases.- Zenker's Diverticulum.- Cricopharyngeal Bar.- Cricopharyngeal achalasia.- UES opening muscle dysfunction.- Achalasia and Ineffective Esophageal Motility.- Esophaegeal Spasm/non-cardiac chest pain Hypertensive Esophageal Peristalsis (Nutcracker Esophagus) Hypertensive Lower Esophageal Sphincter.- Benign and Malignant Tumors of the Esophagus.- Strictures, rings, webs (peptic, caustic, radiation, anastomotic).- Esophageal Foreign Bodies: food impaction & foreign bodies.- Post Surgical Dysphagia: Post-Nissen fundoplication, C-spine surgery, Thyroid surgery, Gastric Banding, Gastric bypass.- Drug-induced Esophageal Injury.- Inectious esophagitis.- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.- Barrett's Esophagus.- Extraesophageal Manifestations of Reflex Disease and dysphagia.- Hiatal Hernia.- Psychogenic Dysphagia.- Rumination Syndrome.- Compensatory Management and Treatment in Dysphagia.- Rehabilitative Treatments.- Electrical Stimulation Treatment.- Pharmacotherapy of UES Spastic Disorder.- Open and Endoscopic Cricopharyngeal Myotomy.- Surgical Treatment of Zenker's Diverticulum.- Dilatations (UES, Esophagus, LES) Balloon dilations, Bougies.- Esophageal Stenting for Relief of Dysphagia.- Botulinum Toxin for LES Spastic Disorders.- Surgical Treatment of Achalasia and Spastic Esophageal Disorders.- Vocal Fold Medialization, arytenoid adduction, and partial pharyngectomy.- Laryngohyoid Suspension.- Surgical Managment of Life-Threatening Aspiration.- Anti-reflux Surgery.- Tube Feeding: Indications, Considerations and Technique.-