Remediation of Heavy Metals

Name: Remediation of Heavy Metals | Sustainable Technologies and Recent Advances
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Sustainable Technologies and Recent Advances

Rangabhashiyam Selvasembian Binota Thokchom Pardeep Singh Ali H. Jawad Willis Gwenzi(Herausgeber*in)

Wiley (Verlag)

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Erschienen am 28. Dezember 2023

320 Seiten

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Beschreibung

Remediation of Heavy Metals

Meet the challenge of contaminated water with a range of sustainable tools

The treatment of water which has been polluted by heavy metals is an increasingly significant environmental challenge in an industrialized global economy. The ongoing revolution in green technologies, however, has seen a range of sustainable methods emerge for treating water, soils, and other parts of the environment polluted by trace metals. By putting these methods into practice, environmental researchers and industrial professionals can improve water quality, and public health globally.

Remediation of Heavy Metals offers a clear, accessible reference on these methods and their applications. It offers an overview of the major effects of heavy metal contamination and works through each of the methods or protocols available to remediate soil and minimize pollution at the source.

Remediation of Heavy Metals readers will also find:

* Comparison of different approaches for heavy metal removal

* Detailed discussion of physical, chemical, and biological remediation methods

* Case studies demonstrating proper remediation

Remediation of Heavy Metals provides key knowledge for environmental scientists, environmental toxicologists, and other researchers or industrial professionals working in heavy metal removal, as well as advanced graduate students in these areas.

Rangabhashiyam Selvasembian, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University-AP, Amaravati, India

Binota Thokchom, PhD, DST-Inspire faculty member at the Centre of Nanotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, India.

Pardeep Singh, PhD, Assistant Professor in the Department of Environmental Science, PGDAV College University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.

Ali H. Jawad, PhD, Associate Professor in the Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia.

Willis Gwenzi, PhD, Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Bio-economy e.V. (ATB), Potsdam, Germany, and Universität Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany.

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Inhalt

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
List of Contributors
Editors' Biography
Preface
Chapter 1 Release, Detection, and Toxicology of Heavy Metals: A Review of the Main Techniques and Their Limitations in Environmental Remediation
1.1 Introduction to Heavy Metals: An Overview
1.2 Industrial Application of Different Metal Ions
1.3 Conclusion
References
Chapter 2 Heavy Metals Contamination in Environment
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Heavy Metals in Water
2.3 Heavy Metals in Soil
2.4 Heavy Metals in Biota
2.5 Heavy Metals in Air
2.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 3 A Brief Study of the Effects of Heavy Metals and Metalloids on Food Crops
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Sources of Heavy Metals in Soils and Food Crops
3.3 Impacts on Soil-Plants/Food Crops
3.3.1 Metal Ions Transportation in Plants
3.4 Heavy Metals and Soil Microbes
3.5 Effect of Chromium (Cr) on Plants
3.6 Effect of Lead (Pb) on Plants
3.7 Effect of Arsenic (As) on Plants
3.8 Effect of Cadmium (Cd) on Plants
3.9 Effect of Mercury (Hg) on Plants
3.10 Effect of Nickel (Ni) on Plants
3.11 Future Perspectives
3.12 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4 Impact of Heavy Metals on Human Health
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Mercury
4.2.1 Source and Entry of Mercury Metal into Our Body
4.2.2 Biological Impact of Mercury Metal
4.2.3 Detection and Remedial Techniques for Mercury Metals
4.3 Arsenic
4.3.1 Source and Entry of Arsenic Metal into Our Body
4.3.2 Biological Impact of Arsenic Metal
4.3.3 Detection and Remedial Techniques for Arsenic Metals
4.4 Iron
4.4.1 Source and Entry of Iron Metal into Our Body
4.4.2 Biological Impact of Iron Metal
4.4.3 Detection and Remedial Techniques for Arsenic Metals
4.5 Manganese
4.5.1 Source and Entry of Manganese Metal into Our Body
4.5.2 Biological Impact of Manganese Metal
4.5.3 Detection and Remedial Techniques for Manganese Metals
4.6 Zinc
4.6.1 Source and Entry of Zinc Metal into Our Body
4.6.2 Biological Impact of Zinc Metal
4.6.3 Detection and Remedial Techniques for Zinc Metals
4.7 Lead
4.7.1 Sources and Exposure of Lead Metal
4.7.2 Health and Biological Impact of Lead
4.7.3 Detection and Control of Lead Exposure
4.8 Chromium
4.8.1 Sources and Exposure of Chromium
4.8.2 Health and Biological Impact of Chromium
4.8.3 Safety Limits and Control
4.9 Copper
4.9.1 Source and Entry of Copper Metal into Our Body
4.9.2 Utility and Biological Impact of Copper
4.9.3 Detection and Remedial Techniques of Copper
4.10 Cadmium
4.10.1 Source and Entry of Cadmium Metal into Our Body
4.10.2 Toxicology of Cadmium Poisoning
4.10.3 Detection and Remedial Techniques of Cadmium
4.11 Nickel
4.11.1 Source and Entry of Nickel Metal into Our Body
4.11.2 Toxicology of Nickel Poisoning
4.11.3 Remedial Techniques
4.12 Radioactive Heavy Metals
4.12.1 Source of Radioactive Heavy Metals
4.12.2 Utility and Biological Impact of Radioactive Metal on Health
4.12.3 Detection and Remedial Techniques
4.13 Conclusion
References
Chapter 5 Different Approaches for Detecting Heavy Metal Ions
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Detection
5.3 Methods of Detection
5.3.1 Spectroscopic Detection
5.3.2 Electrochemical Methods of Detection
5.3.3 Optical Methods of Detection
5.4 Conclusion
References
Chapter 6 Remediation of Heavy Metals in Environmental Resources Using Physical Methods
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Toxicity of HMs
6.3 Physical Methods for Remediation of HMs from Wastewater
6.4 Coagulation and Flocculation
6.5 Ion Exchange
6.6 Adsorption
6.7 Membrane Filtration
6.8 Conclusion
References
Chapter 7 Chemical Approaches to Remediate Heavy Metals
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Sources of Heavy Metal
7.2.1 Natural Sources
7.2.2 Anthropogenic Sources
7.3 Chemical Remediation Technique for Heavy Metal Contamination in the Environment
7.3.1 Chemical Precipitation
7.3.2 Coagulation
7.3.3 Ion Exchange
7.3.4 Electrochemical Method
7.4 Current Challenges and Future Perspectives
7.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 8 Carbon-Based Absorption Materials for Heavy Metal Removal
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Sources of Heavy Metal in Water
8.2.1 Human Health and Heavy Metal Toxicity
8.2.2 Toxicity of Mercury
8.2.3 Toxicity of Lead
8.2.4 Toxicity of Arsenic
8.2.5 Toxicity of Chromium
8.2.6 Toxicity of Cadmium
8.3 Effects of Water Environmental Chemistry on Heavy Metal Removal
8.3.1 Temperature
8.3.2 pH Value
8.3.3 Ionic Strength and Coexisting Ions
8.4 Carbon-Based Nanomaterials
8.4.1 Graphene and Derivatives
8.4.2 Activated Carbon
8.4.3 Carbon Nanotubes
8.4.4 SWCNTs in the Purification of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Water
8.4.5 MWCNTs in the Purification of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Water
8.4.6 Fullerenes
8.5 Adsorption Mechanisms
8.5.1 Physical Adsorption
8.5.2 Electrostatic Interaction
8.5.3 Ion Exchange
8.5.4 Surface Complexation
8.5.5 Precipitation/Coprecipitation
8.6 Conclusion and Outlook
References
Chapter 9 Industrial Waste-Derived Materials for Adsorption of Heavy Metals from Polluted Water
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Industrial Wastes: Origin, Amount, and Harmful Effects
9.3 Sources of Heavy Metal Contamination in Water Sources
9.3.1 Natural Sources
9.3.2 Anthropogenic Sources
9.4 Sequestration of Heavy Metals Using Industrial Waste-Derived Adsorbents
9.5 Conclusion
References
Chapter 10 Biological Remediation of Heavy Metals from Acid Mine Drainage-Recent Advancements
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Acid Mine Drainage
10.2.1 Overview of Acid Mine Drainage
10.2.2 Environmental Effects of Acid Mine Drainage
10.2.3 Remediation Options/Technologies
10.3 Role of Microorganisms in the Formation and Remediation of AMD
10.3.1 Role of Microorganisms in the Formation of Acid Mine Drainage
10.3.2 Role of Microorganisms in the Remediation of AMD
10.4 Bioremediation of Heavy Metals in AMD
10.4.1 Arsenic
10.4.2 Copper
10.4.3 Zinc, Cadmium, and Lead
10.4.4 Bioremediation of Manganese and Iron
10.5 Bottlenecks and Future Prospects
10.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 11 Phytoremediation and Microbe-Assisted Removal of Heavy Metals
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Popular Floral Profiles in Phytoremediation
11.2.1 Heavy Metal Defense Mechanisms in Plants
11.2.2 Major Phytoremediation Pipelines by Plants
11.2.3 Sequential Process of Phytoimmobilization
11.2.4 Phytostabilization
11.2.5 Phytoextraction
11.2.6 Phytovolatilization
11.2.7 Rhizo/Phytofiltration
11.3 Assistance of Microorganisms in Phytoremediation
11.4 Microbial and Plant Symbiosis in Phytoremediation
11.5 Phyto-Microbe Contributory Roles
11.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 12 Recycling and Disposal of Spent Metal(loid)-Laden Adsorbents: Current and Emerging Technologies, and Future Directions
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Nature and Health Concerns/Risks of Spent/Used Adsorbents
12.2.1 Nature
12.2.2 Potential Environmental Health Risks
12.3 Current Recycling and Disposal Technologies
12.3.1 Regeneration and Recycling as Adsorbents
12.3.2 Land/Soil Application
12.3.3 Landfilling
12.3.4 Cement Stabilization/Solidification
12.4 Emerging Technologies
12.4.1 Novel Catalysts
12.4.2 Novel Construction Materials
12.4.3 Solid Fuels
12.4.4 Re-Engineered Adsorbents
12.4.5 Novel Raw Materials
12.5 Looking Ahead: Future Perspectives and Research Directions
12.5.1 Opportunities and Challenges
12.5.2 Knowledge Gaps and Future Research Directions
12.6 Conclusions and Outlook
Acknowledgments
References
Index
EULA

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