Computational Fluid Dynamics for Wind Engineering

Name: Computational Fluid Dynamics for Wind Engineering
Brand: Wiley-ISTE
Price: 100.99 EUR
Availability: OnlineOnly

R. Panneer Selvam(Autor*in)

Wiley-ISTE (Verlag)

1. Auflage

Erschienen am 29. Juli 2022

240 Seiten

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978-1-119-84506-5 (ISBN)

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Inhalt

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Brief Review of Steps in CFD Modeling
1.2 CFD for Wind Engineering or Computational Wind Engineering
References
Chapter 2 Introduction to Fluid Mechanics: Mathematical and Numerical Modeling
2.1 Navier-Stokes Equations
2.2 Governing Equations for Compressible Newtonian Flow
2.3 Definition of Convection and Diffusion
2.4 Derivation of Bernoulli Equations
2.5 Velocity Computation in an Incompressible, Irrotational, Steady, and Inviscid Flow
2.6 Nondimensional NS Equations
2.7 Properties of Fluids
2.7.1 Properties of Air
2.7.2 Change in Velocity to Change in Energy
2.7.3 Change in Temperature to Change in Energy
2.8 Solution of Linear and Nonlinear Equations
2.9 Laminar and Turbulent Flow
2.10 Velocity Spectrum and Spectrum Considered by Different Turbulence Models
2.11 Turbulence Modeling
2.12 Law of the Wall
2.13 Boundary Layer Depth Estimation
2.14 Chapter Outcome
Problems
References
Chapter 3 Finite Difference Method
3.1 Introduction to Finite Difference Method
3.2 Example for 2D Potential Problem and Solution of Simultaneous Equations-Direct and Iterative Methods
3.3 Finite Difference Method of Approximating the Partial Differential Equation
3.3.1 Introduction to Finite Difference Method
3.3.2 Physical Problem and Modeling
3.3.3 Direct Method of Solution
3.3.4 Memory Requirements for a 100 × 100 Mesh
3.3.5 Iterative Method by Gauss-Siedel (GS) or Successive Over Relaxation (SOR)
3.3.6 Details of Program Pcham.f.
3.3.7 Optimum Relaxation Parameter RF for SOR
3.3.8 Inviscid Flow Over a Square Cylinder or Building
3.3.9 Iterative Solvers Used in Practical Applications
3.4 Unsteady Problem-Explicit and Implicit Solution for the Wave Equation
3.4.1 Discretization of the Wave Equation by Different FDM Schemes
3.4.2 Input Preparation
3.4.3 Information Needed to Solve Unsteady Problems
3.5 Solution of the Incompressible Navier-Stokes (NS) Equations
3.6 Storage of Variables in Staggered and Nonstaggered Grid Systems
3.7 Node and Cell-Centered Storage Locations
3.8 Structured and Unstructured Grid Systems
3.9 Variable Storage Methods
3.10 Practical Comments for Solving the NS equation
3.11 Chapter Outcome
Problems
References
Chapter 4 Introduction to Wind Engineering: Wind Effects on Structures and Wind Loading
4.1 Wind Velocity Profile Due to Ground Roughness and Height
4.1.1 Wind Velocity with Height
4.2 Topographic Effect on Wind Speed
4.3 Wind Speed and Wind Pressure
4.4 Wind and Structure Interaction
4.4.1 Shape Effect
4.4.2 Structural Dynamic Effect in the Along-Wind Direction
4.4.3 Structural Dynamic Effect in the Across-Wind Direction
4.5 Opening in the Building
4.6 Phenomena not Considered by the ASCE 7-16
4.7 ASCE 7-16 on Method of Calculating Wind Load
References
Chapter 5 CFD for Turbulent Flow
5.1 Mean and Peak Pressure Coefficients from ASCE 7-16 and Need for CFD
5.2 Procedure for CFD Modeling
5.3 Need for Nondimensional Flow Modeling
5.4 Flow Over 2D Building and Flow Over an Escarpment
5.4.1 Program uvps3.f, to Study Flow Over a Hill or Flow Around a Building
5.5 Pressure on the Texas Tech University (TTU) Building Without Inflow Turbulence
5.5.1 Mathematical and Numerical Modeling
5.5.2 Detail of the TTU Building and the Computational Region
5.5.3 Grid Generation
5.5.4 Time Step and Total Time to Run
5.5.5 Details of Program yif2.f
5.5.6 Files Needed to Run the Program
5.5.7 Input Data File: yif-i.txt
5.5.8 Output Detail
5.5.9 Screen Writing
5.5.10 File Detail: yif-o.plt
5.5.11 File Detail: yif-o2.plt
5.5.12 File Detail: yif-o3.plt
5.5.13 File Detail: yif-p.plt
5.5.14 File Detail: prcon.plt
5.6 Unsteady Flow over Building
5.6.1 Pressure on the TTU Building with Inflow Turbulence
5.6.2 Inflow Turbulence Generation Methods
5.6.3 Inflow Turbulence Effect on Flow and Pressure Without Building
5.6.4 Computation of Wind Spectrum Using the Program yif2.f
5.6.5 Peak Pressure on TTU Building Using Inflow Turbulence
5.7 Flow Around a Cylinder and Practical Relevance to Bridge Aerodynamics
5.8 Chapter Outcome
Problems
References
Chapter 6 Advanced Topics
6.1 Grid Generation for Practical Applications
6.1.1 Flow Around Complex Building and Bridge Shapes
6.2 Structural Aeroelasticity and Structural Dynamics
6.2.1 Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) Methods
6.2.2 Moving Grid for FSI Computation
6.2.3 Vortex Shedding
6.2.4 Galloping of a Rectangular Cylinder
6.2.5 Bridge Aerodynamics
6.2.5.1 Fixed Bridge Computation
6.2.5.2 Movable Bridge Computation for Critical Flutter Velocity Using Moving Bridge
6.2.5.3 Estimation of Negative Damping Coefficient of a Bridge Considering the Response as a Free Vibration
6.3 Inflow Turbulence by Body Forcing
6.4 CFD for Improving Wind Turbine Performance and Siting and Wind Tunnel Design
6.4.1 Actuator Disc Method (ADM)
6.4.2 Actuator Line Method (ALM)
6.4.3 Multiple Reference Frame
6.4.4 Sliding Mesh Model or Rigid Body Motion Model
6.4.5 Wind Tunnel Flow Modeling and Design
6.4.6 Improving Wind Turbine Performance
6.5 Tornado-Structure Interaction
6.5.1 Tornado Models for Engineering Applications
6.5.2 Analytical Vortex Model
6.5.3 Vortex Generation Chamber Models
6.5.3.1 Stationary Vortex Chamber
6.5.3.2 Moving Vortex Chamber
6.6 Wind Environment Around Buildings
6.7 Pollutant Transport Around Buildings
6.8 Parallel Computing for Wind Engineering
6.9 Chapter Outcome
References
Chapter 7 Introduction to OpenFOAM Application for Wind Engineering (an Open-Source Program)
7.1 Introduction to OpenFOAM and ParaView for Wind Engineering
7.1.1 OpenFOAM for Wind Engineering
7.1.2 Grid Generation
7.1.3 Visualization
7.2 Installation of OpenFOAM, ParaView, and Running a Sample File
7.2.1 Installation of OpenFOAM and ParaView
7.2.2 Running a Problem Using OpenFOAM
7.3 CFD Solvers and Explanation of Input File for Flow Around a Cube
7.3.1 Numerical Schemes and Solvers for the NS equation
7.3.2 Flow Around a Cube Using Uniform Inflow
7.3.3 Detail of "constant" Directory
7.3.4 Detail of "0" Directory
7.3.5 Grid Generation Using blockMesh
7.3.6 Detail of "fvSchemes" File
7.3.7 Detail of "fvSolution" File
7.3.8 Detail of "controlDict" File
7.3.9 Time Variation of Data
7.3.10 Space Data Retrieval from ParaView
7.4 Visualization Using ParaView
7.4.1 Loading the Data from OpenFOAM for Visualization
7.4.2 3D view with Grid Axes and Grid Spacing on the Building
7.4.3 Contour on xz Slice
7.4.4 Velocity Vector Diagram
7.4.5 Streamline Plot for xz Slice
7.4.6 Retrieval or Plotting of Data Along a Line Using ParaView
7.5 Analysis of Flow Over Cube Data for Uniform Flow at the Inlet
7.6 Computation of Turbulent Flow Over a Cube
7.6.1 Detail of "constant" Directory
7.6.2 Detail of "system" Directory
7.6.3 Inflow Details
7.7 Multilevel Mesh Resolution Using snappyHexMesh Mesh Generator in OpenFOAM
7.7.1 Procedure to Use snappyHexMesh Mesh Generator
7.7.2 Running the Case File buildingLES2
7.7.3 Selection of Time Step and Total Computational Time
7.8 Challenges in Using OpenFOAM
7.9 Summary and Conclusions
7.10 Chapter Outcome
Problems
References
Appendix A Tecplot for Visualization
Appendix B Random Process for Wind Engineering
Appendix C Direct Solution of Ax = b by A-1
Index
EULA

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