The NATO Advanced Study Institute "Cosmological Aspects of X-Ray Clus ters of Galaxies" took place in Vel en , Westphalia, Germany, from June 6 to June 18, 1993. It addressed the fruitful union of two topics, cosmology and X-ray clus ters, both of which carry substantial scientific weight at the beginning of the last decenium of the last century in the second millenium of our era. The so far largest X-ray "All-Sky Survey", observed by the ROSAT X-ray satel lite, and ROSAT's deep pointed observations, have considerably enlarged the base of X-ray astronomy, particularly concerning extragalactic sources. Cosmology has gained significant impetus from the large optical direct and spectroscopic surveys, based on high quality 2-dimensional receivers at large telescopes and powerful scan ning devices, harvesting the full information 1 content from the older technique of employing photographic plates. Radioastronomy and IR-astronomy with IRAS, as well as r-astronomy with GRO, continue and strengthen the role of extragalactic research. The rapidly growing computer power in data reduction and data storage facilities support the evolution towards large-number statistics. A most significant push was given to early cosmology by the needs of physics in trying to unravel the nature of forces which govern our material world. The topic of the ASI was chosen because it opens new vistas on this for ever new problem: the universe. Clusters of galaxies probe large-scale matter distributions and the structure of space-time.
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ISBN-13
978-94-011-1022-8 (9789401110228)
DOI
10.1007/978-94-011-1022-8
Schweitzer Klassifikation
1. The Present and the Past of X-Ray Astronomy.- ROSAT Three Years in Orbit.- X-Ray Emission from Clusters of Galaxies.- The First Decade of X-Ray Astronomy - A Personal View.- 2. X-Ray Clusters and Cluster Environments.- Galaxy Environment and Clusters of Galaxies.- X-Ray Imaging Observations of Clusters of Galaxies.- X-Ray Studies of Compact Galaxy Groups.- Combined X-Ray/Radio/Optical Observations of ROSAT Clusters of Galaxies.- ROSAT Detections at High Redshift.- X-Ray Emission from a Complete Sample of Abell Clusters of Galaxies.- Substructure in ABCG 2256: Wavelet Analysis of ROSAT Image.- Pointed ROSAT Observations of Clusters of Galaxies.- Dark Matter Distribution in X-Ray Clusters of Galaxies.- X-Ray Emission from a Simulated Cluster of Galaxies.- Luminosity Segregation in cD Clusters and Relevant Implications.- 3. Cluster Masses and Dynamics.- The Masses of Clusters of Galaxies.- The Mass Distribution(s) in Clusters of Galaxies.- A Model-Independent Method to Determine the Mass in Clusters of Galaxies.- Simulating the Dynamics of the Virgo Cluster.- ROSAT Observation of Abell 1795: Temperature Profile - Gravitating, Gas, and Galaxy Mass Distribution - Cooling Flow.- 4. Cooling Flows and Chemical Abundances.- Cluster Cooling Flows.- The Optical Properties of Central Cluster Galaxies in Cooling Flows.- 2-D Numerical Simulations of Hot Gas Deposition in Cooling Flows.- X-Ray Spectroscopy of Galaxy Clusters.- 5. Cluster Lensing and Sunyaev-ZePdovich Effect.- Cluster Lenses and Dark Matter Distribution in Clusters of Galaxies.- Using Gravitational Lensing to Test the Pressure-Supported Hot Intracluster Gas Hypothesis in A2218.- PRONAOS-SPM: A Balloon-Borne Experiment Well Adapted to Measure the Short Wavelength Part of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect.- 6.Cluster Formation and Evolution.- Formation and Evolution of Clusters as Dynamical Structures.- Constraint on Galaxy Formation Theories from X-Ray Clusters.- Evolution of the X-Ray Properties of Clusters of Galaxies.- The Structure and Evolution of Clusters.- Galaxy Formation in Galaxy Clusters: A Phenomenological Approach.- X-Ray Clusters in the Sculptor Supercluster.- Constraints on Models of Large-Scale Structure Formation.- A2163: An Exceptionally Hot Cluster of Galaxies.- X-Ray Clusters of Galaxies in CDM Cosmogony.- 7. Large-Scale Structure.- So Many Galaxies, so Little Time.- A Census of Optically-Selected Clusters.- The Spatial Correlation Function of Galaxy Clusters: Optical to X-Ray.- A Search for Galaxy Alignment in the Hercules Supercluster.- A Redshift Survey of the Corona Borealis Supercluster.- 8. Structure and Cosmological Parameters.- A Map with a Scale: The Las Campanas Redshift Survey.- Large-Scale Structures from Low-Resolution Redshift Surveys.- The Muenster Redshift Project.- Inflation and the Origin of Large-Scale Potential Perturbations.- Einstein Observatory Evidence for a Widespread Baryon Overdensity in Clusters of Galaxies.- Evidence for High? From Large scale Structure.- X-Ray Clusters: Constraints on Cosmological Parameters.- Cosmological Implications of the Distribution of Quasar Forest Lines.- Author Index.- Object Index.
