About the Contributors

The CONTRIBUTORS are international experts based at and/or affiliated with institutions and research centers in 18 COUNTRIES, including Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, England, Finland, Germany, Japan, Ireland, Norway, Poland, Spain, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United States.

Barbara Ahrens is a Professor of Interpreting Studies and Interpreting (Spanish) at Technische Hochschule Köln (Cologne University of Applied Sciences) in Germany. Her research focuses on prosody and speaking skills in interpreting, consecutive interpreting and note-taking, as well as cognitive aspects of speech processing in interpreting.

Fabio Alves is a Professor in Translation Studies at Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais in Brazil. His main focus of research is on translation as a cognitive activity, including the study of expertise in translation, human-machine interaction, and inferential processes in translation. He has published extensively in peer-reviewed journals such as Target, Meta, Across Languages and Cultures, Machine Translation, and Translation and Interpreting Studies, and in book series published by Benjamins, Routledge, and Springer.

Michael Carl is a Professor at the Renmin University of China and Professor at the Copenhagen Business School in Denmark. He is also Director of the CRITT (Center for Research and Innovation in Translation and Translation Technology). His current research interest is related to the investigation of human translation processes and interactive machine translation. He is a (co-)author of more than 140 papers and articles on Translation, Machine Translation and Translation Process Research.

Bruce J. Diamond is a Professor in the Department of Psychology at William Paterson University in the United States. He is a New Jersey-licensed Psychologist, specializing in Neuropsychology and Neurorehabilitation. Diamond's research interests and publications span neuropsychology and cognitive neuroscience with research specialties in information processing, executive function, and working memory and their physiological correlates. He is the co-author of Information Processing in The Bilingual Brain (with Shreve, Golden, and Narucki-Durán) and Neural, Physiological, and Behavioral Correlates of Language Translation and Interpretation in the Bilingual Brain (with Shreve).

Maureen Ehrensberger-Dow is a Professor of Translation Studies in the Institute of Translation and Interpreting at the Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW) in Switzerland. She was principal investigator of the interdisciplinary research project Cognitive and Physical Ergonomics of Translation, a follow-up of the Capturing Translation Processes project, and co-investigator of a project on language barriers in nursing. She has published in various journals as well as co-editing a number of special issues on translation process research.

Aline Ferreira is an Assistant Professor of Hispanic and Portuguese Linguistics at the University of California Santa Barbara in the United States where she is also the Director of the Bilingualism, Translation, and Cognition Laboratory. Prior to this, in Canada she was a postdoctoral research fellow in the Language and Literacy Laboratory and the Psycholinguistics and Language Acquisition Laboratory at Wilfrid Laurier University and a Lecturer of Portuguese at the University of Toronto. Her research interests include directionality in translation, translation competence, language development and reading, and cognitive aspects of multilingualism.

Susanne Göpferich is a Professor of Applied Linguistics and the Director of the Centre for Competence Development (ZfbK) at Justus Liebig University in Germany. Her main fields of research and publication comprise text linguistics, specialized communication, translation and transfer studies, comprehensibility research, as well as writing and translation process research with a focus on competence development and writing and translation pedagogy.

Sandra L. Halverson is a Professor of English at the Western Norway University of Applied Sciences. Her research centers on questions related to various areas of translation studies and cognitive linguistics, and she has published both empirical and theoretical/conceptual work. An overarching concern is the integration of insights from cognitive linguistics into translation studies, and she is currently working on testing hypotheses concerning the cognitive origins of lexical and syntactic patterns in translated language. Another long-term research interest is the epistemology of translation studies. She is a member of the Translation, Research, Empiricism, Cognition (TREC) network, and serves on several editorial boards. She currently serves as co-editor of Target: The International Journal of Translation Studies.

Silvia Hansen-Schirra is a Professor of English Linguistics and Translation Studies at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz in Germany. Her main research interests include specialized communication, text comprehensibility, post-editing, and translation processes and competence. As a fellow of the Gutenberg Research College, she is the Director of the Translation and Cognition Center in Germersheim and co-editor of the online book series Translation and Multilingual Natural Language Processing.

Adelina Hild is the Director of the Research Centre for Translation and Interpreting Studies and Lecturer in Interpreting & Intercultural Communication at the School of Modern Languages at the University of Leicester in England and an active conference and business interpreter.

Amparo Hurtado Albir is a Professor in Translation Studies at Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona in Spain. She is the team leader of a number of research projects on translation pedagogy and the acquisition of translation competence and is also the head of the PACTE group. She is the author of numerous publications on the theory and pedagogy of translation, the most prominent of which are Enseñar a traducir (1999), Traducción y Traductología (2001/2011), and Aprender a traducir del francés al español (2015).

Kristian T. Hvelplund is an Associate Professor of English and Translation Studies in the Department of English, Germanic and Romance Studies at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark. He holds a PhD in translation from the Copenhagen Business School. His research interests include translation and cognition, and his research has focused in particular on the cognitive processes involved in the translation process, using experimental methods such as eye tracking and keylogging.

Riitta Jääskeläinen is a Professor of English (Translation and Interpreting) at the University of Eastern Finland. Her research interests in translation process research have focused on methodology, expertise, and conceptual analyses. She has published on think-aloud (Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies and Benjamins Handbook of Translation Studies), translation process research (Oxford Handbook of Translation Studies), and translation psychology (Benjamins Handbook of Translation Studies).

Arnt Lykke Jakobsen is a Professor Emeritus of Translation and Translation Technology at the Copenhagen Business School in Denmark. In 1995, he invented the keylogging software program Translog. In 2005, he established the Centre for Research and Innovation in Translation and Translation Technology (CRITT), which he directed until his retirement in 2013. His main focus of research is developing and exploiting a methodology for translation process research using keylogging and eye tracking.

Haidee Kruger is a Lecturer in the Department of Linguistics at Macquarie University in Australia and also holds an appointment as Extraordinary Professor at the North-West University in South Africa. Her current research interests include language variation and change under conditions of language contact, quantitative corpus linguistics, and process-oriented studies of mediated language production and reception, including translation and editing.

Jan-Louis Kruger is the Head of the Department of Linguistics at Macquarie University in Australia, and an Extraordinary Professor at the North-West University in South Africa. His current research projects are focused on the cognitive processing of subtitles in terms of cognitive load and psychological immersion making use of multimodal methodologies including eye tracking, EEG, and self-reported data.

Isabel Lacruz is an Assistant Professor of Translation Studies at Kent State University in the United States. She teaches doctoral courses on translation and cognition and empirical research methods for translation, as well as master-level translation practice courses. Her current research interests include investigation of the mental processes involved in translation and post-editing. She has published theoretical and empirical articles on cognitive aspects of translation and post-editing.

Celia Martín de León is an Associate Professor in...