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DHM and Posturography explores the body of knowledge and state-of-the-art in digital human modeling, along with its application in ergonomics and posturography. The book provides an industry first introductory and practitioner focused overview of human simulation tools, with detailed chapters describing elements of posture, postural interactions, and fields of application. Thus, DHM tools and a specific scientific/practical problem - the study of posture - are linked in a coherent framework. In addition, sections show how DHM interfaces with the most common physical devices for posture analysis. Case studies provide the applied knowledge necessary for practitioners to make informed decisions.
Digital Human Modelling is the science of representing humans with their physical properties, characteristics and behaviors in computerized, virtual models. These models can be used standalone, or integrated with other computerized object design systems, to design or study designs, workplaces or products in their relationship with humans.
Part I Introduction 1. Introduction: from greek sculpture to the digital human model-a history of "human equilibrium¿ 2. Why do we need digital human models?
Part II Human motion simulation tools 3. Siemens Jack 4. Human solutions RAMSIS 5. Task-based digital human simulation with editors for manual work activitiesdBasic Functionalities, applications, and future works 6. Santos: an integrated human modeling and simulation platform 7. NexGen Ergonomics Inc. HumanCAD 8. The AnyBody Modeling System 9. Virtual ergonomics by dassault syste`mes 10. CASIMIRda human body model for the analysis of seat vibrations 11. Industrial path solutionsd - intelligently moving manikins 12. ERL seat design and digital human models 13. ESI unique human model for seat (dis)comfort evaluation 14. Simcenter Madymo 15. VIRTHUMAN models for impact 16. Alaska/dynamicusdHuman movements in interplay with the environment
Part III Open source and internal DHM in posturography 17. Open-source software to create a kinematic model in digital human
Part IV Elements of posture 18. Human head modeling and applications 19. Neck postural stabilization, motion comfort, and impact simulation 20. Motion analysis and modeling of the shoulder: challenges and potential applications 21. Development of a feasible finite element digital human hand model 22. The spine: biomechanics and subject-specific finite element models 23. Foot size and foot shape of children, adults and elderly 24. Pelvic floor biomechanical assessment: current approaches and new evidence
Part V Postural interactions 25. Posture and anthropometry 26. Posturography
Part VI Activities of daily living 27. Physics-based sit-to-stand three-dimensional motion prediction considering seat pan contact 28. Digital human modeling and ergonomics of sleeping systems 29. Surface transitions and stair climbing and descent 30. Ingresseegress analysis for passenger vehicle design through digital human modeling 31. Posture prediction and physics-based human motion simulation 32. Three-dimensional body shape modeling and posturography 33. Adaptable digital human models from 3D body scans 34. Occupant comfort 35. Models of the human in dynamic environments
Part VII Cognition and control in posturography 36. Probabilistic reliability-physics models in aerospace human-in-the-loop (HITL) problems 37. Modeling human cognitive behavior for system design
Part VIII Fields of applications 38. Task analysisdErgonomically designed socio-technical work processes or humanemachine interfaces using digital ergonomic tools and methods 39. Rehabilitation 40. Digital human modeling in aerospace 41. DHM applied to ergonomic design and assessment of diagnostic ultrasound systems 42. Task-based digital human simulation with Editor for manual work activitiesdindustrial applications in product design and production planning 43. Medicine and the virtual physiological human 44. Use of digital human modeling in product design 45. Clothing 46. Human modeling tools for spacesuit and hardware design and assessment 47. Individualization of digital human models for planning of humanerobot collaboration 48. Anthropometric modeling in forensics 49. Biomechanical human models for seating discomfort assessment
Part IX DHM protocols 50. Standards and Norms 51. DHM data exchange protocols
Part X Integrations 52. Motion analysis of work conditions using commercial depth cameras in real industrial conditions 53. Design smart clothing using digital human models 54. Integration of commercial pressure measurement technologies 55. Haptic device integration
Part XI Case studies 56. Application of 3D scanning in design education 57. A virtual platform for lower limb prosthesis design and assessment 58. Three-dimensional scanning of the torso and breasts to inform better bra design 59. Building patternmaking theory to better represent the female form 60. Digital human modeling for collaborative robotics 61. Designing aircraft seats to fit the human body contour 62. Posture analysis in extreme sports 63. Predicting vehicle occupant postures using statistical models
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