Pediatric Lower Limb Deformities

Part I : General Principles and Techniques.- 1. Etiology of Lower Limb Deformity.- 2. Clinical Evaluation Including Imaging.- 3. Decision Making in Lower Extremity Deformity Correction.- 4. Outcome Measures in Limb Lengthening and Deformity Correction.- 5. Keys to Building a Successful Pediatric Limb Reconstruction Program.- 6. Growth Modulation for Angular and Length Correction.- 7. Physeal Bar Excision.- 8. Acute Deformity Correction Using an Osteotomy.- 9. Gradual Deformity Correction in Children and Adolescents.- 10. Pin Site Care.- 11. Fixator Assisted Nailing and Plating.- 12. Hybrid Techniques for Limb Length and Deformity Correction.- 13. Motorized Intramedullary Lengthening of the Femur: Antegrade and Retrograde.- 14. Motorized intramedullary lengthening of the tibia.- Part II : Related Concepts and Management Options.- 15. Biomechanically Based Clinical Decision Making in Pediatric Foot and Ankle Surgery.- 16. Congenital Foot Deformities.- 17. Management of Pediatric Foot and Ankle Deformities: Gradual Correction.- 18. Pediatric Joint Contractures.- 19. Physical Therapy During Limb Lengthening and Deformity Correction: Principles and Techniques.- 20. Amputation and Prosthetic Management: Amputation as a Reconstructive Option.- 21. Working in Resource-Challenged Environments.- Part III : Underlying Conditions.- 22. Metabolic Disorders.- 23. Osteogenesis Imperfecta.- 24. Lower Limb Deformity in Neuromuscular Disorders: Pathophysiology, Assessment, Goals and Principles of Management.- 25. Arthrogryposis.- 26. Limb lengthening and deformity correction in patients with skeletal dysplasias.- 27. Lower Extremity Benign Bone Lesions and Related Conditions.- 28. Management of Juxtaphyseal Malignant Bone Tumors Around the Knee Joint: New Concepts in Limb-Sparing Surgery.- Part IV : Congenital and Developmental Disorders.- 29. Congenital Femoral Deficiency Reconstruction and Lengthening Surgery.- 30. Fibular Hemimelia in the Pediatric Patient.- 31. Tibial Hemimelia.- 32. Treatment of Congenital Pseudarthrosis of the Tibia.- 33. Congenital Posteromedial Bowing of the Tibia.- 34. Controversies in Blount's Disease.- Part V : Sequelae and Complications.- 35. Methods to Enhance Bone Formation in Distraction Osteogenesis.- 36. Residual Deformities of the Hip.- 37. Posttraumatic Lower Limb Deformities in Children.- 38. Postinfectious Deformities of the Lower Limb.- 39. Bone Defects.- 40. Iatrogenic Deformities.