Gas Hydrates 2

Name: Gas Hydrates 2 | Geoscience Issues and Potential Industrial Applications
Brand: Wiley
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Geoscience Issues and Potential Industrial Applications

Livio Ruffine Daniel Broseta Arnaud Desmedt(Herausgeber*in)

Wiley (Verlag)

2. Auflage

Erschienen am 16. April 2018

384 Seiten

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978-1-119-52241-6 (ISBN)

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Inhalt

Cover
Half-Title Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Preface
PART 1: Field study and laboratory experiments of hydrate-bearing sediments
Introduction to Part 1
1. Water Column Acoustics: Remote Detection of Gas Seeps
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Principle of the measurement
1.2.1. Instrumentations
1.2.2. Qualitative and quantitative measurements
1.3 Bibliography
2. Geophysical Approach
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Overview
2.3. Seismic processing
2.3.1. Positioning phase
2.3.2. Preprocessing phase
2.3.3. Processing phase
2.4. Example of gas hydrate exploration: the SYSIF instrument
2.5. Bibliography
3. Hydrate Seismic Detection
3.1. Wave velocities of hydrate-bearing sediments
3.1.1. Empirical equations
3.1.2. Effective medium theories
3.2. Bibliography
4. Geomorphology of Gas Hydrate-Bearing Pockmark
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Generalities about pockmarks
4.3. Impact of gas hydrate on seafloor deformation
4.4. Morphological evolution of gas hydrate pockmarks
4.5. Distinction between gas hydrate-bearing and gas hydratefree pockmarks
4.6. Bibliography
5. Geotechnics
5.1. Introduction
5.2. The Penfeld system
5.2.1. Piezocone and acoustic soundings in gas hydrate-bearing sediments
5.3. Bibliography
6. Geochemistry
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Sampling geological materials from hydrate-bearing sediment
6.2.1. The Calypso corer
6.2.2. Sampling of sediments, carbonates and pore fluids from the Calypso corer
6.3. Analyses
6.3.1. Sediment and carbonate
6.3.2. Gases
6.3.3. Pore water
6.4. Bibliography
7. Benthic Ecosystem Study
7.1. Microbial ecology in hydrate-bearing sediments
7.1.1. Study sites containing hydrate-bearing sediments
7.1.2. Sampling strategy for microbiology study of hydrate-bearing sediments
7.1.3. Laboratory analyses
7.2. Macrobial ecology studies at cold seeps
7.2.1. Mapping biogenic habitats
7.2.2. Chemical characterization of biogenic habitats
7.2.3. Sampling in biogenic habitats
7.2.4. Fauna
7.2.5. Symbiosis studies
7.3. Bibliography
8. Physicochemical Properties of Gas Hydrate-bearing Sediments
8.1. Introduction
8.2. Gas hydrate formation and dissociation
8.3. Fluid transport in gas hydrate-bearing sediments
8.4. Thermal and electrical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments
8.5. Distribution and occurrence of gas hydrates in sediments
8.6. Experimental investigation of dynamic processes in gas hydrate-bearing sediments
8.7. Bibliography
9. Small-scale Laboratory Studies of Key Geotechnical Properties which Cannot be Measured from In Situ Deployed Technologies
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Influence of gas hydrates on the stiffness and strength properties of sediments
9.2.1. Elastic or small-strain stiffness properties
9.2.2. Large-strain stiffness and strength properties
9.2.3. Geotechnical consequences of gas hydrate destabilization
9.3. Bibliography
PART 2: Modeling of Gas Hydrate-bearing Sediments and Case Studies
10. Geomechanical Aspects
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Geomechanical characteristics
10.3. Constitutive models for continuum mechanics frameworks
10.3.1. Stress-strain formulation for hydrate-bearing sediments
10.3.2. DEM representation
10.4. Coupled formulation
10.5. Numerical simulations of the Nankai 2013 gas production test
10.5.1. The Nankai gas production test overview
10.5.2. Modeling procedure
10.5.3. History matching of the 2013 Nankai production test
10.5.4. Thermo-hydro-mechanical studies during the 2013 Nankai gas production test
10.6. Concluding remarks
10.7. Bibliography
11. Geochemical Aspects
11.1. Introduction
11.2. Basic principles
11.2.1. Transport in the aqueous phase by advection and diffusion
11.2.2. Numerical scheme for the advection-diffusion problem
11.2.3. Transport of methane in aqueous phase in the presence of gas hydrate phase
11.2.4. Transport of methane and salt species, with hydrate presence
11.3. Model framework
11.4. Model validation and sensitivity tests
11.5. Model application
11.6. Concluding remarks
11.7. Acknowledgments
11.8. Bibliography
PART 3: Geoscience and Industrial Applications
12. Biogeochemical Dynamics of the Giant Pockmark Regab
12.1. Introduction
12.2. Location of the pockmark
12.2.1. The pockmark Regab: hydrocarbon emission and morphology
12.3. Megafauna distribution on Regab pockmark in relation to fluid chemistry
12.3.1. Megafauna distribution on the Regab pockmark
12.3.2. Mytilid habitats
12.3.3. Bacterial mst habitat
12.3.4. Vesicomyid habitats
12.4. General conclusion on the megafauna distribution on the Regab pockmark in relation to fluid chemistry
12.5. Bibliography
13. Roles of Gas Hydrates for CO2 Geological Storage Purposes
13.1. Introduction
13.2. Hydrate trapping of CO2 in subsurfaces (onshore, offshore and deep offshore cases)
13.2.1. Case of migration of CO2 within the overburden
13.2.2. Case of natural gas hydrates exploitation using CO2 injection
13.2.3. Role of mixed gas hydrates in the "deep offshore" CO2 storage option
13.3. CO2 deep offshore storage capacity in the French and Spanish EEZs
13.4. Summary and prospects
13.5. Bibliography
14. Hydrate-Based Removal of CO2 from CH4 + CO2 Gas Streams
14.1. Introduction
14.2. Laboratory experiments of gas capture and separation by means of gas hydrates
14.2.1. Batch experiments
14.2.2. Semibatch experiments
14.2.3. Continuous separation experiments
14.3. Metrics of CO2 separation
14.4. Results from experiments of CO2 removal from CO2/CH4 gas mixtures
14.4.1. Pure water and water with surfactant additives
14.4.2. THF and other sII hydrate-forming additives
14.4.3. TBAB, TBPB and other semiclathrate-forming additives
14.5. Routes to enhance the removal of CO2 from CO2/CH4 gas mixtures
14.6. Concluding remarks
14.7. Bibliography
15. Use of Hydrates for Cold Storage and Distribution in Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Applications
15.1. Introduction
15.2. Hydrate systems for cool storage and distribution
15.2.1. Refrigerant gas hydrate applied to cool storage
15.2.2. CO2 hydrates applied to cool storage and distribution
15.2.3. Quaternary salt hydrates for cool storage and distribution
15.2.4. Other hydrates applied to cool storage and distribution
15.3. Criteria for use of hydrates in refrigeration
15.3.1. Thermodynamic criterion
15.3.2. Flow criterion
15.3.3. Thermal criterion
15.3.4. Kinetic criterion
15.3.5. Energy criterion
15.4. Hydrate applications in refrigeration and air conditioning
15.4.1. Slurry generation methods
15.4.2. Examples of hydrate-based refrigeration systems
15.5. Conclusion
15.6. Bibliography
List of Authors
Index
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