After many years of sterile arms control negotiations between the super powers, which did not produce a single genuine disarmament measure - and sometimes had the opposite effect of stimulating the development of new weapons to serve as bargaining chips - an agreement to abolish completely two categories of nu clear weapons, the INF Treaty, was signed and is now being implemented. This historical event, the first actual destruction of deployed nuclear missiles (although not of their warheads) became possible largely because of the radical changes in the policies of the Soviet Union, the "new way of thinking", ad vanced by its leader Mikhail Gorbachev. The relaxation of tension that resulted from this policy was one of the factors contributing to the successful conclu sion of the INF Treaty. Another, no less important factor, was the acceptance by the Soviet Union of on-site inspections as a basic element of a verification system essential to ensure compliance with the Treaty. This breakthrough led to the mutual acceptance of an elaborate and precise verification regime, and thus made possible the signing of the INF Treaty, which in tum contributed to the further lessening of tension between East and West. But perhaps the most important factor, one which carries much promise for the future, was the changed approach to security problems.
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ISBN-13
978-3-642-75072-4 (9783642750724)
DOI
10.1007/978-3-642-75072-4
Schweitzer Klassifikation
I Strategic Nuclear Disarmament.- Deep Cuts in Strategic Nuclear Weapons: Possible? Desirable?.- A Comprehensive Test-Ban Verification Regime: Implications of Cooperative Measures in INF and START.- Soviet-American Collaboration on Seismic Monitoring.- Threshold Limits on Anti-Missile Systems.- II Prevention of Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons.- Preventing Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons: Hopes and Realities.- Prevention of Nuclear Weapons Proliferation.- Revision of the Non-Proliferation Treaty.- A Strategy to Stop the Spread of Fissile Material.- III Nuclear and Conventional Forces.- The Links Between Nuclear and Conventional Forces.- Nuclear Forces and Their Relation to Conventional Armaments.- Restructuring Conventional Forces in Defensive Modes.- Interaction Between Nuclear and Conventional Arms-Control Measures (Report on a Pugwash Workshop, June 1988).- IV Prevention of Chemical Warfare.- International Machinery for Monitoring a Chemical Weapons Convention.- Adequacy Versus Feasibility in the Scope of the Projected Chemical Weapons Convention.- Chemical Disarmament: Reliable and Efficient Control.- V European Security.- Towards Conventional Stability in Europe.- Confidence- and Security-Building Measures in Europe.- Obstacles to Confidence-Building: How Can They Be Overcome?.- Prospects of Satellite Verification in Europe.- Disengagement in Europe (Pugwash Symposium, April 1988).- VI Military Research and Development.- Roles of Technological Innovation in the Arms Race.- Controlling Military Research and Development.- Conversion from Military Research and Development: Economic Aspects.- VII Global Environmental Problems.- The Environmental Dimensions of National Security.- Environmental Problems: A Determining Factor of Future Politics.- Global Environmental Issues and International Politics.- International Cooperation for Survival.- VIII Alleviating Underdevelopment.- Disarmament for Development.- Contributions of Science and Technology to the Alleviation of Underdevelopment.- Food, Population and Conflict in Africa.- The Role of Health Care in Alleviating Underdevelopment.- Global Problems and Common Security Statement of the Pugwash Council.- Dagomys Declaration of the Pugwash Council "Ensuring the Survival of Civilization".- Acronyms.- Notes on the Contributors.
