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One-of-a-kind resource on theoretical and application aspects of hypersonic slender body aerodynamics with many didactic features included throughout
Developed using class-tested course material, Hypersonic Slender Body Aerodynamics presents the theoretical and application aspects of the subject in a precise, concise, and student-friendly manner. The text includes a large number of worked examples, figures, diagrams, tables, and exercise problems.
This book covers the subject material beginning from the definition of the slender body geometry through to the study of flow field around the body and the calculation of the aerodynamic and thermal loads acting on the body at speeds ranging from low to high (i.e., from incompressible to hypersonic speeds). The Mach number independence principle and approximate theories for caret wings are also covered, among many other key topics.
This book is unique in its comprehensive coverage of the topic, enabling readers to find information in one place instead of scattered throughout proprietary wind tunnel test data, flight test data, government technical reports, scientific literature sources, and numerical methods.
Some of the concepts explored in Hypersonic Slender Body Aerodynamics include:
Skillfully written with a clear and engaging writing style, Hypersonic Slender Body Aerodynamics is an essential learning resource on the subject for undergraduate and graduate students of aerospace engineering and practicing engineers working in aerospace research labs and industries. It is a perfect textbook for courses on slender body aerodynamics.
Ethirajan Rathakrishnan is a Professor in the Department of Aerospace Engineering and the founder of High Speed Jet Laboratory at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur. His research interests focus on gas dynamics, including experimental and theoretical investigation, rarefied flows, applied gas dynamics and high speed jets, sudden expansion problems, aeroacoustics, and active and passive control of jets and base flows. He is the author of multiple books and has received numerous international awards.
Preface xi
About the Author xiii
Nomenclature xv
About the Companion Website xix
1 Basics1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Supersonic Transport Aircraft 3
1.3 Wings of Supersonic Aircraft 4
1.4 Basic Equations 9
1.5 Pressure Distribution on the Surface 13
1.6 Theoretical Methods - Inviscid Flow 20
1.7 Stability Derivatives for Delta Wings 27
1.8 Method of Vortex (Source and Sink) Distribution 35
1.9 Cone in Supersonic Flow 45
1.10 Optimization (Supersonic Flow) 47
1.11 Lift-Case 51
1.12 Nonlinear Theories 55
1.13 Summary 59
2 Hypersonic Aerodynamics (Slender Bodies) 65
2.1 Introduction 65
2.2 Mach Number Independence Principle 68
2.3 Atmospheric Properties 70
2.4 Hypersonic Flow Characteristics 71
2.5 Governing Equations 72
2.6 Comparison of Supersonic and Hypersonic Flow 76
2.7 Re-entry Problem 79
2.8 Flow Past a Semi-wedge 80
2.9 Hypersonic Limiting Case 85
2.10 Newtonian Formula 86
2.11 Surface Pressure Distribution 88
2.12 Modified Newtonian Formula 89
2.13 Tangent Wedge or Tangent Cone Method 90
2.14 Busemann Correction for Centrifugal Force 90
2.15 Shock-Expansion Method 93
2.16 Theory of Slender Hypersonic Bodies 98
2.17 Principle of Equivalence for Slender Hypersonic Bodies 102
2.18 Design of Three-Dimensional Hypersonic Slender Bodies 104
2.19 Caret-Wing or Nonweiler Wing or Wave-Rider 105
2.20 Off-design Conditions for Caret-Wings 107
2.21 Approximate Theories for Caret-Wings 108
2.22 Supersonic Test Facilities 113
2.23 Comparison of Theoretical and Experimental Results 120
2.24 Stability Derivatives 121
2.25 Summary 125
3 Application of Slender-body Theory 133
3.1 Introduction 133
3.2 Leading-Edge Heat Transfer 136
3.3 Stagnation-Point Heat Transfer 137
3.4 Heat Transfer Limitations for Slender-body Vehicles 140
3.5 Sublimation 143
3.6 Aerodynamic Effects 143
3.7 Nose Bluntness 144
3.8 Blast-wave Theory 146
3.9 Thin Shock Layers 148
3.10 Summary 149
4 Experimental Approach 155
4.1 Introduction 155
4.2 Drag of Slender Bodies 155
4.3 Axisymmetric Slender Bodies 160
4.4 Summary 161
Exercise Problems 163
A Appendix 165
References 171
Further Readings 173
Index 175
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