Virtual Honeypots

Preface xiii Acknowledgments xxi About the Authors xxiii Chapter 1 Honeypot and Networking Background 1 1.1 Brief TCP/IP Introduction 1

1.2 Honeypot Background 7

1.3 Tools of the Trade 13

Chapter 2 High-Interaction Honeypots 19 2.1 Advantages and Disadvantages 20

2.2 VMware 22

2.3 User-Mode Linux 41

2.4 Argos 52

2.5 Safeguarding Your Honeypots 62

2.6 Summary 69

Chapter 3 Low-Interaction Honeypots 71 3.1 Advantages and Disadvantages 72

3.2 Deception Toolkit 73

3.3 LaBrea 74

3.4 Tiny Honeypot 81

3.5 GHH-Google Hack Honeypot 87

3.6 PHP.HoP-A Web-Based Deception Framework 94

3.7 Securing Your Low-Interaction Honeypots 98

3.8 Summary 103

Chapter 4 Honeyd-The Basics 105 4.1 Overview 106

4.2 Design Overview 109

4.3 Receiving Network Data 112

4.4 Runtime Flags 114

4.5 Configuration 115

4.6 Experiments with Honeyd 125

4.7 Services 129

4.8 Logging 131

4.9 Summary 134

Chapter 5 Honeyd-Advanced Topics 135 5.1 Advanced Configuration 136

5.2 Emulating Services 139

5.3 Subsystems 142

5.4 Internal Python Services 146

5.5 Dynamic Templates 148

5.6 Routing Topology 150

5.7 Honeydstats 154

5.8 Honeydctl 156

5.9 Honeycomb 158

5.10 Performance 160

5.11 Summary 161

Chapter 6 Collecting Malware with Honeypots 163 6.1 A Primer on Malicious Software 164

6.2 Nepenthes-A Honeypot Solution to Collect Malware 165

6.3 Honeytrap 197

6.4 Other Honeypot Solutions for Learning About Malware 204

6.5 Summary 207

Chapter 7 Hybrid Systems 209 7.1 Collapsar 211

7.2 Potemkin 214

7.3 RolePlayer 220

7.4 Research Summary 224

7.5 Building Your Own Hybrid Honeypot System 224

7.6 Summary 230

Chapter 8 Client Honeypots 231 8.1 Learning More About Client-Side Threats 232

8.2 Low-Interaction Client Honeypots 241

8.3 High-Interaction Client Honeypots 253

8.4 Other Approaches 263

8.5 Summary 272

Chapter 9 Detecting Honeypots 273 9.1 Detecting Low-Interaction Honeypots 274

9.2 Detecting High-Interaction Honeypots 280

9.3 Detecting Rootkits 302

9.4 Summary 305

Chapter 10 Case Studies 307 10.1 Blast-o-Mat: Using Nepenthes to Detect Infected Clients 308

10.2 Search Worms 327

10.3 Red Hat 8.0 Compromise 332

10.4 Windows 2000 Compromise 343

10.5 SUSE 9.1 Compromise 351

10.6 Summary 357

Chapter 11 Tracking Botnets 359 11.1 Bot and Botnet 101 360

11.2 Tracking Botnets 373

11.3 Case Studies 376

11.4 Defending Against Bots 387

11.5 Summary 390

Chapter 12 Analyzing Malware with CWSandbox 391 12.1 CWSandbox Overview 392

12.2 Behavior-Based Malware Analysis 394

12.3 CWSandbox-System Description 401

12.4 Results 405

12.5 Summary 413

Bibliography 415 Index 423