Superconductivity

Preface 1 Properties of the Normal State I. Introduction II. Conduction Electron Transport III. Chemical Potential and Screening IV. Electrical Conductivity V. Frequency Dependent Electrical Conductivity VI. Electron-Phonon Interaction VII. Resistivity VIII. Thermal Conductivity IX. Fermi Surface X. Energy Gap and Effective Mass XI. Electronic Specific Heat XII. Phonon Specific Heat XIII. Electromagnetic Fields XIV. Boundary Conditions XV. Magnetic Susceptibility XVI. Hall Effect Further Reading Problems 2 The Phenomenon of Superconductivity I. Introduction II. A Brief History III. Resistivity A. Resistivity above Tc B. Resistivity Anisotropy C. Anisotropy Determination D. Sheet Resistance of Films: Resistance Quantum IV. Zero Resistance A. Resistivity Drop at Tc B. Persistent Currents below Tc V. Transition Temperature VI. Perfect Diamagnetism VII. Fields inside a Superconductor VIII. Shielding Current IX. Hole in Superconductor X. Perfect Conductivity XI. Transport Current XII. Critical Field and Current XIII. Temperature Dependences XIV. Concentration of Super Electrons XV. Critical Magnetic Field Slope XVI. Critical Surface Further Reading Problems 3 The Classical Superconductors I. Introduction II. Elements III. Physical Properties of Superconducting Elements IV. Compounds V. Alloys VI. Miedema's Empirical Rules for Alloys VII. Compounds with the NaCl Structure VIII. Type .415 Compounds IX. Laves Phases X. Chevrel Phases XI. Heavy Electron Systems XII. Charge-Transfer Organics XIII. Chalcogenides and Oxides XIV. Barium Lead-Bismuth Oxide Perovskite XV. Barium-Potassium Bismuth-Oxide Cubic Perovskite XVI. Buckminsterfullerenes XVII. Borocarbides Further Reading Problems 4 Thermodynamic Properties I. Introduction II. Specific Heat above Tc III. Discontinuity at Tc IV. Specific Heat below Tc V. Density of States and Debye Temperature VI. Thermodynamic Variables VII. Thermodynamics of a Normal Conductor VIII. Thermodynamics of a Superconductor IX. Superconductor in Zero Field X. Superconductor in a Magnetic Field XI. Normalized Thermodynamic Equations XII. Specific Heat in a Magnetic Field XIII. Evaluating the Specific Heat XIV. Order of the Transition XV. Thermodynamic Conventions XVI. Concluding Remarks Further Reading Problems 5 Ginzburg-Landau Theory I. Introduction II. Order Parameter III. Ginzburg-Landau Equations IV. Zero-Field Case Deep inside Superconductor V. Zero-Field Case near Superconductor Boundary VI. Fluxoid Quantization VII. Penetration Depth VIII. Critical Current Density IX. London Equations X. Exponential Penetration XI. Normalized Ginzburg-Landau Equations XII. Type I and Type II Superconductivity XIII. Upper Critical Field Bc2 XIV. Quantum Vortex A. Differential Equations B. Solutions for Small Distances C. Solutions for Large Distances Further Reading Problems 6 BCS Theory I. Introduction II. Cooper Pairs III. BCS Order Parameter IV. Generalized BCS Theory V. Singlet Pairing in a Homogeneous Superconductor VI. Self-Consistent Equation for the Energy Gap VII. Response of a Superconductor to a Magnetic Field Further Reading 7 Perovskite and Cuprate Crystallographic Structures I. Introduction II. Perovskites A. Cubic Form B. Tetragonal Form C. Orthorhombic Form D. Planar Representation III. Cubic Barium Potassium Bismuth Oxide IV. Barium Lead Bismuth Oxide V.