Chances and Choices

Chapter 1: Investigating the impact of music education 1.1 Whose story? Defining and interpreting musical life histories 1.2 Aims, scope and limitations 1.3 Approaches to data collection and analysis 1.4 Existing research on musical life histories 1.5 Global perspectives on music education 1.6 Structures and voices in this book Interlude A Interlude B Chapter 2: Learning across generations: musical childhoods in twentieth century Britain 2.1 Lifelong learning: a reasonable aim for music education? 2.2 Life histories in context: British music education in the twentieth century 2.3 Generational trends in formative musical experiences 2.3.1 1930s-1950s: gramophones, piano lessons and school assemblies 2.3.2 1960s-1970s: encouragement and independence 2.3.3 1980s-1990s: musical pluralism and exploration 2.4 Historical trends, current debates 2.4.1 Classroom music 2.4.2 Music outside the classroom 2.4.3 Teacher and parent attitudes 2.4.4 Music in the home 2.4.5 Lifelong learning and involvement Interlude C Interlude D Chapter 3: Locations for musical learning 3.1 Where musical learning happens 3.2 The characteristics of supportive musical environments 3.3 Extra-curricular music-making 3.4 Musical self-education 3.5 An Italian perspective - music as specialist education 3.6 Summary: situated learning for music Interlude E Interlude F Chapter 4: Inspiring, affirming, challenging: significant people in musical learning 106 4.1 What makes a memorable classroom music teacher? 4.2 Instrumental teachers as mentors 4.3 Parents as role models and mentors 4.4 Siblings, extended family and friendships as sources of musical learning 4.5 Learning from learning: becoming teachers and parents 4.6 Summary: musical supporters and role models Interlude G Interlude H Chapter 5: Opportunities and outcomes in lifelong musical engagement 5.1 Musical routes and roots 5.2 Becoming music educators 5.3 Becoming music-makers 5.4 Becoming adult learners 5.5 Becoming listeners and concert-goers 5.6 Summary: foundations for lifelong musical involvement Interlude I Interlude J Chapter 6: Rhetoric and reality: the real impact of music education 6.1 Overview: learning from life histories 6.2 Historical rhetoric and remembered reality 6.3 Contemporary rhetoric and future opportunities 6.4 Summary: relevance and timelessness in musical learning Interlude K Interlude L Chapter 7: Chances, choices and conclusions 7.1 Chances and choices in musical education 7.2 The usefulness of life history approaches 7.3 Recommendations and future directions Postlude Glossary References Index