Photocatalytic Functional Materials for Environmental Remediation

Name: Photocatalytic Functional Materials for Environmental Remediation
Brand: Wiley
Price: 148.99 EUR
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Alagarsamy Pandikumar Kandasamy Jothivenkatachalam(Herausgeber*in)

Wiley (Verlag)

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Erschienen am 10. Juni 2019

400 Seiten

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Beschreibung

A comprehensive volume on photocatalytic functional materials for environmental remediation

As the need for removing large amounts of pollution and contamination in air, soil, and water grows, emerging technologies in the field of environmental remediation are of increasing importance. The use of photocatalysis--a green technology with enormous potential to resolve the issues related to environmental pollution--breaks down toxic organic compounds to mineralized products such as carbon dioxide and water. Due to their high performance, ease of fabrication, long-term stability, and low manufacturing costs, photofunctional materials constructed from nanocomposite materials hold great potential for environmental remediation.

Photocatalytic Functional Materials for Environmental Remediation examines the development of high performance photofunctional materials for the treatment of environmental pollutants.

This timely volume assembles and reviews a broad range of ideas from leading experts in fields of chemistry, physics, nanotechnology, materials science, and engineering. Precise, up-to-date chapters cover both the fundamentals and applications of photocatalytic functional materials. Semiconductor-metal nanocomposites, layered double hydroxides, metal-organic frameworks, polymer nanocomposites, and other photofunctional materials are examined in applications such as carbon dioxide reduction and organic pollutant degradation. Providing interdisciplinary focus to green technology materials for the treatment of environmental pollutants, this important work:

* Provides comprehensive coverage of various photocatalytic materials for environmental remediation useful for researchers and developers

* Encompasses both fundamental concepts and applied technology in the field

* Focuses on novel design and application of photocatalytic materials used for the removal of environmental contaminates and pollution

* Offers in-depth examination of highly topical green-technology solutions

* Presents an interdisciplinary approach to environmental remediation

Photocatalytic Functional Materials for Environmental Remediation is a vital resource for researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the multi-disciplinary areas of chemistry, physics, nanotechnology, environmental science, materials science, and engineering related to photocatalytic environmental remediation.

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Inhalt

Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Contents
List of Contributors
Preface
Chapter 1 Titanium Dioxide and Carbon Nanomaterials for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes
Abbreviations
1.1 Introduction
1.1.1 Impact of Dye Effluents on the Environment and Health
1.2 Principles and Mechanism of Photocatalysis
1.2.1 Direct Photocatalytic Pathways
1.2.1.1 The Langmuir-Hinshel Wood Process
1.2.1.2 The Eley-Rideal Process
1.2.2 Indirect Photocatalytic Mechanisms
1.3 Importance of Titanium Dioxide
1.3.1 Rutile
1.3.2 Anatase
1.3.3 Brookite
1.4 Titanium Dioxide for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes
1.4.1 Approaches Enhance the Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2
1.4.2 Metal and Multi-Atom Doped TiO2
1.5 Carbon Nanomaterials for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes
1.5.1 Activated Carbon
1.5.2 Graphite
1.5.3 Graphene
1.5.4 Carbon Nanotubes and Fullerenes
1.5.5 Carbon Black
1.5.6 Carbon Nanofibers
1.5.7 Carbon Quantum Dots
1.5.8 Mesoporous Carbon
1.6 Conclusion and Trends
References
Chapter 2 Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation of Environmental Pollutants Using Metal Oxide Semiconductors
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Photocatalysis
2.3 Mechanism and Fundamentals of Photocatalytic Reactions
2.4 Synthesis of Different Photocatalysts
2.4.1 Hydrothermal/Solvothermal Methods
2.4.2 Electrodeposition
2.4.3 Chemical Bath Deposition
2.4.4 Sol-Gel Process
2.4.5 Chemical Precipitation
2.5 Factors Affecting Photocatalytic Degradation
2.5.1 Catalyst Loading
2.5.2 pH of the Solution
2.5.3 Size and Structure of the Photocatalyst
2.5.4 Reaction Temperature
2.5.5 Concentration and Nature of Pollutants
2.5.6 Inorganic Ions
2.6 Metal Oxide Semiconductors
2.7 Ternary/Quaternary Oxides
2.8 Composites Semiconductors
2.9 Sensitization
2.10 Conclusions
References
Chapter 3 Contemporary Achievements of Visible Light-Driven Nanocatalysts for the Environmental Applications
3.1 Introduction
3.1.1 Langmuir-Hinshelwood Approach
3.1.2 The Eley-Rideal Approach
3.1.3 Indirect Photocatalytic Approach
3.2 Types of Photocatalytic Reactor Models
3.3 Modification of Semiconductor Nanoparticles
3.3.1 Metal Nanoparticles
3.3.2 Non-Metal Deposition
3.4 Emerging Photocatalysts
3.4.1 Perovskite Photocatalysts
3.4.2 C3N4-Supported Photocatalysts
3.5 Mechanisms of Photocatalysis
3.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 4 Application of Nanocomposites for Photocatalytic Removal of Dye Contaminants
4.1 Nanocomposites and Applications
4.2 Dyes: Introduction, Classification, and Impacts on the Environment
4.3 Strategies of Dye Contaminant Removal
4.4 Photodegradation and the Removal of Dyes Using Nanocomposites
4.4.1 Zeolite-Based Nanocomposites
4.4.2 Clay-Supported Nanocomposites
4.4.3 Polymer-Based Nanocomposites
4.5 Photocatalytic Reactors for Dye Degradation
4.6 Summary
References
Chapter 5 Photocatalytic Active Silver Phosphate for Photoremediation of Organic Pollutants
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Properties of Ag3PO4
5.2.1 Structural Features
5.2.2 Antimicrobial Properties
5.3 Photoremediation of Organic Pollutants
5.3.1 Effect of Morphology
5.3.1.1 Size and Structure of the Photocatalyst
5.3.1.2 Facet-Dependent Photocatalysts
5.3.2 Effect of Composition
5.3.2.1 Carbon Materials
5.3.2.2 Semiconductor Materials
5.3.2.3 Magnetic Particles
5.3.2.4 Metal Particles
5.3.3 Doping Effect
5.4 Conclusions and Future Prospects
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 6 Plasmonic Ag-ZnO: Charge Carrier Mechanisms and Photocatalytic Applications*
6.1 ZnO-Based Photocatalysis
6.2 Why Deposit Silver on ZnO Surface?
6.3 Methods to Decorate Silver NPs on the Surface of ZnO
6.4 Mechanism of Charge Carrier Transfer Dynamics in Ag-ZnO
6.4.1 Schottky Barrier and Charge Carrier Transfer Process
6.4.2 Surface Plasmon Resonance Effects
6.4.3 Defect Chemistry of Ag-ZnO
6.5 Influence of Silver Content on Optimizing the Photocatalytic Activity
6.6 Structure-Morphology Relationship on Photocatalytic Activity
6.7 Co-modification of Ag-ZnO for Photocatalysis
6.8 Conclusion and Future Prospects
References
Chapter 7 Multifunctional Hybrid Materials Based on Layered Double Hydroxide towards Photocatalysis
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Hybrid LDHs from LDH Precursors
7.3 Photocatalytic Applications of Different LDH-Based Hybrid Materials
7.3.1 LDH-Based Mixed Metal Oxides (MMO)
7.3.2 Hybrid MMOs for Dye Degradation
7.3.3 LDH Nanocomposites
7.3.4 Intercalated LDH
7.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 8 Magnetically Separable Iron Oxide-Based Nanocomposite Photocatalytic Materials for Environmental Remediation
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Synthesis Techniques for Magnetic Nanophotocatalyst Composites
8.3 Three Types of Semiconductor Magnetic-Based Nanocomposites
8.4 Graphene-Based Magnetically Separable Composites
8.4.1 Metal Di-Chalcogenides-Magnetic Nanocomposite Photocatalysts
8.4.2 Graphitic Carbon Nitride-Based Magnetic Photocatalysts
8.5 The Effect of Iron Oxide-Based Photocatalysts on Pollutants
8.5.1 Organic Dye Pollutant Degradation
8.5.2 Non-Dye or Colorless Compounds
8.5.3 Heavy Metals
8.5.4 Pharmaceutical Waste
8.6 Summary
References
Chapter 9 Photo Functional Materials for Environmental Remediation
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Photoelectric Effect
9.3 Photo Functional Materials (Photocatalysts)
9.4 Photodegradation of Textile Dyes
9.5 Semiconductor-Based Photocatalysts
9.6 Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)
9.7 Photo Functional Semiconductors on CNT Hybrid Materials for Tunable Optoelectronic Devices
9.8 Fabrication of CdS Quantum Dot Sensitized Solar Cells Using Nitrogen-Functionalized CNTs/TiO2 Nanocomposites
9.9 Graphene Sheet
9.10 CdS/G Nanocomposites for Efficient Visible Light Driven Photocatalysis
9.11 Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g-C3N4)
9.12 Conclusions
References
Chapter 10 Graphitic Carbon Nitride-Based Nanostructured Materials for Photocatalytic Applications
10.1 Introduction
10.2 General Mechanism: Reaction Pathway
10.3 g-C3N4 and Composites in Photocatalytic Degradation
10.4 Conclusions and Future Directions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 11 Metal-Organic Frameworks for Photocatalytic Environmental Remediation
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Structural Features of MOFs
11.3 Synthesis of MOFs
11.3.1 Evaporation Method
11.3.2 Vapor Diffusion Method
11.3.3 Gel Crystallization Process
11.3.4 Solvothermal Synthesis
11.3.5 Microwave-Assisted Synthesis
11.3.6 Sonochemical Methods
11.3.7 Electrochemical Synthesis
11.3.8 Mechanochemical Synthesis
11.4 Photocatalytic MOFs by Design
11.5 Photocatalytic Applications of MOFs
11.5.1 Degradation of Organic Pollutants
11.5.2 CO2 Reduction
11.5.3 Heavy Metal Reduction
11.5.4 Others
11.6 Conclusions and Future Prospects
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 12 Active Materials for Photocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide
12.1 Introduction
12.2 CO2 Photoreduction - Essentials
12.3 Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide with Water
12.4 Nanomaterials and New Combinations of Materials for Carbon Dioxide Reduction
12.5 Selection of Materials
12.6 Material Modifications for Improving Efficiency
12.7 Perspectives in the Photocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide
Acknowledgement
References
Index
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