Nanostructured Polymer Membranes, Volume 1

Preface xv
1 Processing and Characterizations: State-of-the-Art and New Challenges 1
Visakh. P. M.
1.1 Membrane: Technology and Chemistry 1
1.2 Characterization of Membranes 3
1.3 Ceramic and Inorganic Polymer Membranes: Preparation, Characterization and Applications 4
1.4 Supramolecular Membranes: Synthesis and Characterizations 5
1.5 Organic Membranes and Polymers to Remove Pollutants 7
1.6 Membranes for CO2 Separation 8
1.7 Polymer Nanomembranes 9
1.8 Liquid Membranes 11
1.9 Recent Progress in Separation Technology Based on Ionic Liquid Membranes 12
1.10 Membrane Distillation 13
1.11 Alginate-based Films and Membranes: Preparation, Characterization and Applications 14
References 15
2 Membrane Technology and Chemistry 27
Manuel Palencia, Alexander Córdoba and Myleidi Vera
2.1 Introduction 27
2.2 Membrane Technology: Fundamental Concepts 28
2.3 Separation Mechanisms 33
2.4 Chemical Nature of Membrane 41
2.5 Surface Treatment of Membranes 42
2.6 Conclusions 48
References 48
3 Characterization of Membranes 55
Derya Y. Koseoglu-Imer, Ismail Koyuncu, Reyhan Sengur-Tasdemir, Serkan Guclu, Recep Kaya, Mehmet Emin Pasaoglu and Turker Turken
3.1 Introduction 56
3.2 Physical Methods for Characterizing Pore Size of Membrane 56
3.3 Membrane Chemical Structure 67
3.4 Conclusions 85
References 85
4 Ceramic and Inorganic Polymer Membranes: Preparation, Characterization and Applications 89
Chiam-Wen Liew and S. Ramesh
4.1 Introduction 90
4.2 Recent Developments in Filler-doped Polymer Electrolytes 95
4.3 Methodology 105
4.4 Results and Discussion 109
4.5 Conclusions 127
Acknowledgment 128
References 128
5 Supramolecular Membranes: Synthesis and Characterizations 137
Cher Hon Lau, Matthew Hill and Kristina Konstas
5.1 Overview 138
5.2 Supramolecular Materials 138
5.3 Supramolecular Membranes 157
5.4 Membrane Fabrication Using Supramolecular Chemistry 170
5.5 Conclusions 184
References 186
6 Organic Membranes and Polymers for the Removal of Pollutants 203
Bernabé L. Rivas, Julio Sánchez and Manuel Palencia
6.1 Membranes: Fundamental Aspects 204
6.2 Liquid-phase Polymer-based Retention (LPR) 212
6.3 Applications for Removal of Specific Pollutants 216
6.4 Future Perspectives 228
6.5 Conclusions 228
Acknowledgments 228
References 228
7 Membranes for CO2 Separation 237
Abedalkhader Alkhouzaam, Majeda Khraisheh, Mert Atilhan, Shaheen A. Al-Muhtaseb and Syed Javaid Zaidi
7.1 Introduction 238
7.2 Fundamentals of Membrane Gas Separation 239
7.3 Polymeric Membranes for CO2 Separation 245
7.4 Mixed Matrix Membranes 258
7.5 Supported Ionic Liquid Membranes (SILMs) for CO2 Separation 263
7.6 Conclusion 278
7.7 Overall Comparison and Future Outlook 279
Abbreviations 282
References 285
8 Polymer Nanomembranes 293
Giuseppe Firpo and Ugo Valbusa
8.1 Introduction 293
8.2 Materials 294
8.3 Nanomembrane Fabrication 298
8.4 Characterization 304
8.5 Applications 310
References 316
9 Liquid Membranes 329
Jiangnan Shen, Lijing Zhu, Lixin Xue and Congjie Gao
9.1 Introduction 329
9.2 Most Recent Developments 330
9.3 Liquid Membranes Based Separation Processes 330
9.4 Conclusion 379
References 379
10 Recent Progress in Separation Technology Based on Ionic Liquid Membranes 391
M.J. Salar-García, V.M. Ortiz-Martínez, A. Pérez de los Ríos and F.J. Hernández-Fernández
10.1 Introduction 392
10.2 Ionic Liquid Properties 393
10.3 Bulk Ionic Liquid Membranes 395
10.4 Emulsified Ionic Liquid Membranes 397
10.5 Immobilized Ionic Liquid Membranes 400
10.6 Green Aspect of Ionic Liquids 410
10.7 Conclusions 411
Acknowledgments 411
References 412
11 Membrane Distillation 419
Mohammadali Baghbanzadeh, Christopher Q. Lan, Dipak Rana and Takeshi Matsuura
11.1 Introduction 419
11.2 Applications of Membrane Distillation Technology 420
11.3 Different Kinds of Membrane Distillation Configurations 422
11.4 Distillation Membranes 432
11.5 Transport Phenomena in MD 439
11.6 Conclusion 450
References 450
12 Alginate-based Films and Membranes: Preparation, Characterization and Applications 457
Jiwei Li and Jinmei He
12.1 Introduction 457
12.2 Recent Development 459
12.3 Applications 468
12.4 Conclusion 473
References 474
Index 491