Advanced Internet Protocols, Services, and Applications

Preface xi
Acknowledgments xv
About the Authors xvii
1 Transmission Control ProtocolInternet Protocol Overview 1
1.1 Fundamental Architecture 1
1.2 Internet Protocol Basics 4
1.3 Routing 13
2 Transport-Layer Protocols 19
2.1 Transmission Control Protocol 19
2.2 User Datagram Protocol 25
2.3 Stream Control Transmission Protocol 26
2.4 Real-Time Transport Protocol 29
3 Internet Architecture 31
3.1 Internet Exchange Point 31
3.2 History of Internet Exchange Points 33
3.3 Internet Service Provider Interconnection Relationships 34
3.4 Peering and Transit 35
4 IP Routing Protocols 39
4.1 Overview of Routing Protocols 40
4.2 Routing Information Protocol 43
4.3 Open Shortest Path First 48
4.4 Border Gateway Protocol 53
5 Multiprotocol Label Switching 59
5.1 Overview 59
5.2 Functions and Mechanisms 63
5.3 Applicabilities 67
6 IP Quality Of Service 75
6.1 Introduction 75
6.2 Quality of Service in IP Version 4 75
6.3 Integrated Services 77
6.4 Differentiated Services 81
6.5 Quality Of Service with Nested Differentiated Services Levels 82
7 IP Multicast and Anycast 93
7.1 Addressing 93
7.2 Multicast Routing 96
7.3 Routing Protocols 97
7.4 Anycasting 102
7.5 IPv6 Anycast Routing Protocol: Protocol-Independent Anycast--Sparse Mode 105
8 Layer-2 Transport over Packet 109
8.1 Draft-Martini Signaling and Encapsulation 109
8.2 Layer-2 Tunneling Protocol 114
9 Virtual Private Wired Service 123
9.1 Types of Private Wire Services 123
9.2 Generic Routing Encapsulation 130
9.3 Layer-2 Tunneling Protocol 131
9.4 Layer-3 Virtual Private Network 2547bis, Virtual Router 131
10 IP and Optical Networking 137
10.1 IPOptical Network Evolution 138
10.2 Challenges in Legacy Traditional IPOptical Networks 140
10.3 Automated Provisioning in IPOptical Networks 142
10.4 Control Plane Models for IPOptical Networking 144
10.5 Next-Generation MultiLayer Network Design Requirements 147
10.6 Benefits and Challenges in IPOptical Networking 148
11 IP Version 6 151
11.1 Addresses in IP Version 6 152
11.2 IP Packet Headers 154
11.3 IP Address Resolution 155
11.4 IP Version 6 Deployment: Drivers and Impediments 156
12 IP Traffic Engineering 163
12.1 Models of Traffic Demands 163
12.2 Optimal Routing with Multiprotocol Label Switching 165
12.3 Link-Weight Optimization with Open Shortest Path First 169
12.4 Extended Shortest-Path-Based Routing Schemes 173
13 IP Network Security 181
13.1 Introduction 181
13.2 Detection of Denial-of-Service Attack 182
13.3 IP Traceback 187
13.4 Edge Sampling Scheme 189
13.5 Advanced Marking Scheme 193
14 Mobility Support for IP 197
14.1 Mobility Management Approaches 199
14.2 Security Threats Related to IP Mobility 205
14.3 Mobility Support in IPv6 213
14.4 Reactive Versus Proactive Mobility Support 218
14.5 Relation to Multihoming 219
14.6 Protocols Supplementing Mobility 220
References 231
Index 235