ACL Injury and Its Treatment

Part I Anatomy and Histology of the ACL.- Chapter 1 Functional Anatomy of the ACL Fibers on the Femoral Attachment.- Chapter 2 The Anatomical Features of ACL Insertion Sites and Their Implications for Multi-Bundle Reconstruction.- Chapter 3 Discrepancy Between Macroscopic and Histological Observations.- Chapter 4 Tibial Insertion of the ACL: 3D-CT Images, Macroscopic, and Microscopic Findings.- Chapter 5 Mechanoreceptors in the ACL.- Part II Biomechanics of the ACL.- Chapter 6 Mechanical Properties and Biomechanical Function of the ACL.- Chapter 7 Biomechanics of the Knee with Isolated One Bundle Tear of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament.- Chapter 8 Function and Biomechanics of ACL Remnant.- Chapter 9 Biomechanics of Single- and Double-Bundle ACL Reconstruction.- Chapter 10 ACL Injury Mechanisms.- Part III Diagnostics of ACL Injury.- Chapter 11 Physical Examinations and Device Measurements for ACL Deficiency.- Chapter 12 Diagnostics of ACL Injury Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).- Chapter 13 Diagnosis of Injured ACL Using Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography: Usefulness for Preoperative Decision Making.- Part IV Basic Knowledge of ACL Reconstruction.- Chapter 14 Graft Selection.- Chapter 15 Portal Placement.- Chapter 16 Femoral Bone Tunnel Placement.- Chapter 17 Tibial Bone Tunnel Placement in Double-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Hamstring Tendons.- Chapter 18 Tensioning and Fixation of the Graft.- Chapter 19 Tendon Regeneration after Harvest for ACL Reconstruction.- Chapter 20 Second-Look Arthroscopic Evaluation after ACL Reconstruction.- Chapter 21 Bone Tunnel Changes After ACL Reconstruction.- Chapter 22 Graft I impingement.- Chapter 23 Fixation Procedure.- Part V Multiple bundle ACL Reconstruction.- Chapter 24 Single- vs. Double-Bundle ACL Reconstruction.- Chapter 25 Anatomic Double-Bundle Reconstruction Procedure.- Chapter 26 Triple-Bundle ACL Reconstruction with the Semitendinosus Tendon Graft.- Part VI ACL Augmentation.- Chapter 27 History and Advantages of ACL Augmentation.- Chapter 28 Surgical Technique of ACL Augmentation.- Part VII ACL Reconstruction Using Bone-Patella Tendon-Bone.- Chapter 29 An Overview.- Chapter 30 Anatomical Rectangular Tunnel ACL Reconstruction with a Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Graft.- Chapter 31 Rectangular vs. Round Tunnel.- Part VIII Computer-Assisted Navigation in ACL Reconstruction.- Chapter 32 Intraoperative Biomechanical Evaluation Using a Navigation System.- Chapter 33 Application of Computer-Assisted Navigation.- Part IV ACL Injury in Patients with Open Physes.- Chapter 34 ACL Reconstruction with Open Physes.- Chapter 35 Avulsion Fracture of the ACL.- Part V Revision ACL Reconstruction.- Chapter 36 Double-Bundle Technique.- Chapter 37 Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Graft via Round Tunnel.- Chapter 38 Anatomical Revision ACL Reconstruction with Rectangular Tunnel Technique.- Chapter 39 One- vs. Two-Stage Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.- Part VI Complications of ACL Reconstruction.- Chapter 40 Complications of ACL Reconstruction.- Part VII Future of ACL Reconstruction.- Chapter 41 Future Challenges of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Biological Modulation Using a Growth Factor Application for Enhancement of Graft Healing.- Chapter 42 Strategies to Enhance Biological Tendon-Bobe Healing in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.- Chapter 43 Tissue engineering approach for ACL healing.